Signal-to-noise ratio of lensless ghost interference with thermal incoherent light

Factors influencing the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） of lensless ghost interference with thermal incoherent light are investigated. Our result shows that the SNR of lensless ghost interference is related to the transverse length of the object, the position of the object in the imaging system and the transverse size of the light source. Furthermore, the effects of these factors on the SNR are discussed in detail by numerical simulations.

5G Oriented Exponential Effective Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio Mapping Algorithm Based on Channel Classification

In the future the fifth generation( 5 G) communication systems,channel models may be very complicated and it is difficult to calculate equivalent signal to interference plus noise ratio( SINR)of a random fading channel. Therefore,methods for the calculation of equivalent SINR of a random fading channel are very necessary.In this paper,an enhanced algorithm on the exponential effective SINR mapping( EESM) model for random fading channels was proposed. First, the optimal adjustment parameters of typical channel fading models including extended pedestrian A( EPA)model,extended vehicular A( EVA) model and extended typical urban( ETU) model were obtained by simulation. Then the proposed solution was used to actualize channel classification according to the maximum multipath delay and the average power of the random channel. The solution can determine the typical channel closest to random channel for obtaining the optimal adjustment value of EESM. The evaluation results indicate that the proposed one can improve the whole system throughput significantly and meanwhile the accuracy of the link prediction algorithm is also guaranteed.

基于SINR的动态无线网络分布式链路调度

无线信号之间的干扰阻碍了信号的并发传输,降低了无线网络的吞吐量.链路调度是提高无线网络吞吐量、减少信号传输延迟的一种有效方法.因为SINR (signal to interference plus noise ratio)模型准确地描述了无线信号传播的固有特性,能够真实反映无线信号之间的干扰,提出一种在动态无线网络中基于SINR模型的常数近似因子的在线分布式链路调度算法(OLD_LS).在线的意思是指,在算法执行的过程中任意节点可以随时加入网络,也可以随时离开网络.节点任意加入网络或者从网络中离开体现了无线网络的动态变化的特性. OLD_LS算法把网络区域划分为多个正六边形,局部化SINR模型的全局干扰.设计动态网络下的领导者选举算法(LE),只要网络节点的动态变化速率小于1/ε, LE就可以在O(log n+log R)ε≤5(1-21-α/2)/6,α表示路径损耗指数, n是网络节点的规模, R是最长链路的长度.根据文献调研,所提算法是第1个用于动态无线网络的在线分布式链路调度算法.

New Technique for Estimating and Suppressing Narrowband Interference in DSSS Systems

A generalized approach for narrowband interference （NBI） suppression in direct sequence spread spectrum （DSSS） communication systems using adaptive infinite impulse response （IIR） filter is presented. The excision filter coefficients depend on both the jammer power and its instantaneous frequency. The dependency of the filter construction on the jammer power is significant as it allows optimal tradeoff between interference removal and signal distortion by maximizing the receiver signal to noise ratio improvement（SNRI）. Instead of traditional adaptive line enhancer （ALE） estimator, a preferable NBI estimator-Fourier interpolation estimator （FIE） is proposed. Closed-form expressions of the SNR improvement and theoretical bit error rate （BER） based on the assumption that the output of the correlator is Gaussian distributed are both derived. Performance results obtained by numerical simulation are also presented and compared with theoretical results.

Interference and Spectral Efficiency Analysis in Two-hop Cellular Network with Fixed Relays in FDD Mode

This paper presented a scheme of two-hop cellular network with fixed relay nodes (FRN). Based on this scheme, co-channel interference and signal interference ratio(SIR) received by base station(BS) and FRN were analyzed. Both the theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the SIR can be improved significantly when relays are employed in the network. The higher spectral efficiency can be obtained due to the improved two-hop link quality through the use of adaptive modulation and coding (AMC). The antenna height of FRN and the cell radius of BS and that of FRN influence SIR received by BS and FRN and the system spectral efficiency greatly. The proper antenna height of FRN and cell radius of BS and that of FRN were also given to get the highest spectral efficiency.

Interference Mitigation Techniques Using Receiver Processing and Resource Allocation

Heterogeneous network consists of the pico cells overlaid over the macro cell coverage area in a wireless cellular network. The pico cells are deployed to increase the capacity of the homogeneous network by reusing the spectrum further. However, more users will tend to be associated to the macro cell due to the fact that the transmit power of the pico cell is low. In order to increase the number of users associated to the pico cell, range extension techniques like biased association are used. This will cause severe interference to cell edge users of the pico cell from the macro cell causing degradation in throughput performance in the cell range extension area. In this paper, interference mitigation using receiver processing along with different scheduling techniques is proposed to improve the throughput, average delay, and the packet delivery ratio performance of the system. The performance comparison of the round robin, proportional fair and modified largest weighted delay first (MLWDF) algorithm for resource allocation using interference suppressing receiver is done, and analyzed. It is shown that the MLWDF algorithm achieves the highest throughput with minimum average delay of packets with the best delivery ratio.

Multi-Frequency Interference Detection and Mitigation Using Multiple Adaptive IIR Notch Filter with Lattice Structure

Radio Frequency Interferences (RFI), such as strong Continuous Wave Interferences (CWI), can influence the Quality of Service (QoS) of communications, increasing the Bit Error Rate (BER) and decreasing the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in any wireless transmission, including in a Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB-S2) receiver. Therefore, this paper presents an algorithm for detecting and mitigating a Multi-tone Continuous Wave Interference (MCWI) using a Multiple Adaptive Notch Filter (MANF), based on the lattice form structure. The Adaptive Notch Filter (ANF) is constructed using the second-order IIR NF. The approach consists in developing a robust low-complexity algorithm for removing unknown MCWI. The MANF model is a multistage model, with each stage consisting of two ANFs: the adaptive IIR notch filter Hl(z) and the adaptive IIR notch filter HN(z), which can detect and mitigate CWI. In this model, the ANF is used for estimating the Jamming-to-Signal Ratio (JSR) and the frequency of the interference (w(0)) by using an LMS-based algorithm. The depth of the notch is then adjusted based on the estimation of the JSR. In contrast, the ANF HN(z) is used to mitigate the CW interference. Simulation results show that the proposed ANF is an effective method for eliminating/reducing the effects of MCWI, and yields better system performance than full suppression (kN=1) for low JSR values, and mostly the same performance for high JSR values. Moreover, the proposed can detect low and high JSR and track hopping frequency interference and provides better Bit error ratio (BER) performance compared to the case without an IIR notch filter.

Adaptive cancellation of Es layer interference using auxiliary horizontal antennas

Based on a dual-polarization high-frequency wave radar system, an adaptive system using horizontal antennas for the suppression of the Es layer interference （ELI） is deseribech The data received from the horizontal antennas were correlated with the data received from the Vertically Polarized Antennas （VPAs） to estimate and cancel the interference adaptively in the VPAs. Suppressing the interference after each coherent integration time interval, about 25 dB signal-to-interference ratio is expected with the experimentally derived data.

Interference Mitigation MAC Protocol for Cognitive Radio Networks

The growing demand for wireless services coupled with the limited availability of suitable electromagnetic spectrum is increasing the need for more efficient RF spectrum utilization. Spectrum allocated to TV operators can potentially be shared by wireless data services, either when the primary service is switched off or by exploiting spatial reuse opportunities. This paper describes a dynamic spectrum access scheme for use in the TV bands which uses cognitive radio techniques to determine the spectrum availability. The approach allows secondary users (SU) to operate in the presence of the primary users (PU) and the OPNET simulation and modelling software has been used to model the performance of the scheme. An analysis of the results shows that the proposed scheme protects the primary users from harmful interference from the secondary users. In comparison with the 802.11 MAC protocol, the scheme improves spectrum utilization by about 27% while limiting the interference imposed on the primary receiver.

智能反射面阵元互耦与共存干扰研究

智能反射面(Intelligent Reflecting Surface,IRS)是由大量无源反射元件呈阵列排列构成的智能超表面,其阵元间距是相位控制的关键技术参数,在小于半波长时存在不可忽略的互耦效应。本文针对多网运营的应用环境,考虑IRS反射阵元之间存在相互耦合的情况,研究系统间共存干扰与阵元间距、工作频段、物理位置的关联关系。针对发射机、接收机和IRS之间自阻抗和互阻抗的建模需求,将互耦效应进行量化转换,以阻抗的形式将其数据化,结合阵元反射增益和相位参数的作用因素,建立了远场条件下基于阻抗电路的共存干扰传播模型。针对IRS接收,由发射天线电流与IRS互阻抗的乘积得到再辐射矩阵;针对IRS反射,由IRS负载电流与接收天线互阻抗的乘积得到接收端负载电压。应用阵元等效阻抗法,通过等效阻抗的可重构性,最大化有用信号的接收功率,推导得到信干比(Signal to Interference Ratio,SIR)的计算表达式。进一步分析了共存系统的工作频段、IRS反射单元间隔、IRS的反射阵元数量、IRS与非目标收发机之间距离等因素对共存干扰产生的影响。数值仿真表明互耦偏差随阵元间距减小而增大,半波长的偏差为28%;不同载频系统的SIR表明,共存干扰的互耦效应显著且不可忽略,高频系统对低频系统产生的共存干扰对信号传输质量影响更为显著。

一种基于改进NLMS的多雷达主瓣干扰抑制方法

远程探测场景下弹载主瓣干扰因与目标角度间隔小,单站抗干扰方法性能下降严重。多雷达通过合理布站可有效“分辨”目标和干扰,被认为是可有效抑制主瓣干扰的途径。针对当前多雷达抗主瓣干扰方法普遍存在收敛速度慢的问题,提出一种基于改进归一化最小均方(NLMS)的多雷达对消抗主瓣干扰方法,并通过理论推导给出了其应用条件。该方法通过定义消散因子实现对步长的自适应控制从而达到快速收敛的目的,仿真结果表明该方法在收敛速度及收敛后均方误差(MSE)上具有明显优势。最后通过外场试验进一步验证该方法的性能,在满足布站条件且干噪比≥30 dB的前提下,信噪比改善可达19 dB以上,具有较高的应用价值。

一种适用于卫星通信的自适应窄带干扰抑制方法

针对卫星通信系统中的抗干扰问题,提出一种能够根据干扰变化自适应调整策略的干扰抑制方法。该方法通过子带分割、按功率排序、依次陷波等方式进行陷波,然后对比陷波前后信号信噪比的增益,从而确定信噪比增益最大时所对应的子带陷波个数,最终得到信噪比增益最高也即性能最优的陷波方式。该方法不需要预先进行干扰检测,也不需要寻找和设置门限阈值,就可以对多种类型干扰进行自适应陷波,从而达到有效抑制包含单音、窄带、梳状或部分频带等不同干扰的目的,能够显著改善链路的通信性能,提高通信系统的抗干扰能力。

异构无线网络中基于SINR和层次分析法的SAW垂直切换算法研究

B3G或者4G无线网络体系致力于集成各种异构无线接入网络,其中一个主要的设计课题是支持垂直切换的研究。该文将多属性QoS考虑在内,针对各业务特点,提出一种基于SINR(信干噪比)和层次分析法(AHP)的SAW(简单加权法)垂直切换算法(SASAW)。它综合考虑SINR的影响以及要获得同等数据速率情况下,目标网络需要的等效SINR数值、用户通信代价、网络可用带宽等来构造属性矩阵做切换判决。为了评估性能,考虑3GPP定义的4类业务,利用层次分析法中的特征向量法来决定各个QoS属性之间的权重关系,构造比较判决矩阵并检验其一致性;根据判决矩阵,利用特征根法获得权重向量;最后根据属性矩阵和权重向量,利用SAW垂直切换算法进行判决。通过对算法的通过率、丢话率、垂直切换次数、平均用户代价等的性能比较,结果表明该文提出的算法能够根据各业务特点综合考虑各属性间关系,获得优良的系统性能。

重型外源机械干扰噪声分离技术及应用

近年来地震勘探野外采集工区范围内覆盖了越来越多的各种大中型厂矿,给野外采集地震记录造成了十分严重的外源重型机械干扰,严重降低了原始资料信噪比。常规基于去噪思路的压制方法要么去噪力度不足,要么容易伤害有效信号,难以适应重型机械干扰的情况。将重型机械干扰视作正常单炮的交涉混叠单炮,将去噪问题转化为数据分离问题,采用以广义曲波变换和同步压缩变换为核心的稀疏反演数据分离技术对有效信号和机械干扰进行精准分离和去噪。数值模拟及龙门山前带YC工区实际资料应用表明,稀疏反演方法较常规去噪对重型机械干扰压制效果较好,能够有效提高单炮信噪比,改善成像质量。

DFT扩频广义多载波系统的SINR性能分析

针对离散傅立叶变换扩频的广义多载波系统(DFT-S-GMC),提出一种信干噪比(SINR)的性能分析方法。该方法基于DFT-S-GMC收发机频域等效的简化实现结构,利用信道频率响应和噪声方差,接收端采用最小均方误差(MMSE)均衡,分析得到了SINR的闭合表达式,并考虑了信道均衡后时域复用的数据块(IFBT符号)之间的残余干扰,而且,本方法很容易扩展到一发多收的情况。仿真表明,多径信道下基于该等效SINR的误块率(BLER)性能曲线能很好地匹配系统在高斯白噪声信道下的性能曲线。

基于MF预编码的大规模MIMO网络SINR概率密度分析

大规模MIMO系统中,相对于其他基于信道矩阵分解的波束成形算法,如迫零、最小均方误差算法等,匹配滤波(Matched filter,MF)具有复杂度极低的优点,从而成为一种极具实用潜力的波束成形算法。鉴于此,本文推导了基站采用MF波束成形算法时,用户端信干噪比(Signal-to-interferenceand-noise ratio,SINR)的近似概率密度函数(Probability density function,PDF)。该函数对于推导与分析系统性能,如和速率、中断概率等至关重要。仿真表明:当基站天线数趋于大规模时,SINR公式的PDF曲线趋近于通过纯仿真得到的PDF曲线。

基于分式二次规划的互模糊函数赋形方法

在开展认知雷达波形设计时,由于发射波形与接收滤波器的非匹配体制,互模糊函数赋形相比传统模糊函数赋形优化自由度更高。该文针对强杂波条件下微弱运动目标检测问题,以最大化信干噪比为优化准则,提出了一种联合发射相位编码序列与接收滤波器设计的互模糊函数赋形方法。在恒模约束下,优化问题被建模为二次分式规划形式;然后通过引入辅助变量,并利用共轭梯度法求解Stiefel流形空间上的最小化问题,非凸优化据此转化为恒模约束二次优化问题;通过交替循环和类幂迭代算法求得最优解。此外考虑到发射波形受硬件限制而难以实现严格恒模,该文构建了一种低峰均比约束二次优化问题模型,并利用最近邻向量法求得最优解。最后,不同参数下的仿真与实测数据实验表明,该文赋形方法相较于传统方法具有较高的信干噪比增益和收敛速度。

自适应DBF中采样快拍数对系统输出SINR影响

在自适应数字波束合成(DBF)中,快拍数直接影响了协方差矩阵估计的效果,从而影响系统的输出信干噪比(SINR).文中分析了最大似然协方差矩阵估计和空间平滑协方差矩阵估计时,不同类型DBF系统采用快拍数大小同输出SINR关系.分析结论对于系统设计中快拍数确定具有重要意义.

基于卷积神经网络的光信噪比监测方法

光信噪比(OSNR)与光纤通信的传输性能息息相关,因此,OSNR监测是光性能监测技术中至关重要的一环,同时,传输链路中的色散会导致光信号脉冲展宽,使OSNR监测准确性下降。针对这一问题,设计了一种卷积神经网络模型,以异步延迟采样图(ADTP)作为网络输入特征,引入实例批量标准化模块,继承了神经网络不同深度下特征发散分布的优点,提高了神经网络对色散变化的适应性。实验结果表明,在10 Gb/s NRZ-OOK信号无色散干扰监测场景下,该模型的平均绝对误差(MAE)为0.2 dB,在色散变化的场景下,MAE最高降低了0.61 dB。

无线传感网络中SINR模型下MIS算法的研究

在SINR模型上对MIS算法进行研究.首先通过理论分析得出MIS算法节点的度受SINR模型下路径损耗指数和信噪比值的约束,然后利用NetLogo和Matlab软件进行模拟和分析,最后通过实验得出当路径损耗指数和信噪比的值越小,MIS算法运行时间越短;当路径损耗指数和信噪比的值越大,MIS算法运行时间越长.