Effects of interleukin-10 treated macrophages on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway

BACKGROUND Alveolar bone defects caused by inflammation are an urgent issue in oral implant surgery that must be solved.Regulating the various phenotypes of macrophages to enhance the inflammatory environment can significantly affect the progression of diseases and tissue engineering repair process.AIM To assess the influence of interleukin-10(IL-10)on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)following their interaction with macrophages in an inflammatory environment.METHODS IL-10 modulates the differentiation of peritoneal macrophages in Wistar rats in an inflammatory environment.In this study,we investigated its impact on the proliferation,migration,and osteogenesis of BMSCs.The expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)and its activated form,phos-phorylated-STAT3,were examined in IL-10-stimulated macrophages.Subsequently,a specific STAT3 signaling inhibitor was used to impede STAT3 signal activation to further investigate the role of STAT3 signaling.RESULTS IL-10-stimulated macrophages underwent polarization to the M2 type through substitution,and these M2 macrophages actively facilitated the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.Mechanistically,STAT3 signaling plays a crucial role in the process by which IL-10 influences macrophages.Specifically,IL-10 stimulated the activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway and reduced the macrophage inflammatory response,as evidenced by its diminished impact on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.CONCLUSION Stimulating macrophages with IL-10 proved effective in improving the inflammatory environment and promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.The IL-10/STAT3 signaling pathway has emerged as a key regulator in the macrophage-mediated control of BMSCs’osteogenic differentiation.

18β-glycyrrhetinic acid promotes gastric cancer cell autophagy and inhibits proliferation by regulating miR-328-3p/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common cancer types worldwide,and its prevention and treatment methods have garnered much attention.As the active ingredient of licorice,18β-glycyrrhetinic acid(18β-GRA)has a variety of pharmacological effects.The aim of this study was to explore the effective target of 18β-GRA in the treatment of GC,in order to provide effective ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of GC.AIM To investigate the mechanism of 18β-GRA in inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting autophagy flux in GC cells.METHODS Whole transcriptomic analyses were used to analyze and screen differentially expressed microRNAs(miRNAs)in GC cells after 18β-GRA intervention.Lentivirus-transfected GC cells and the Cell Counting Kit-8 were used to detect cell proliferation ability,cell colony formation ability was detected by the clone formation assay,and flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis.A nude mouse transplantation tumor model of GC cells was constructed to verify the effect of miR-328-3p overexpression on the tumorigenicity of GC cells.Tumor tissue morphology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining,and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3)expression was detected by immunohistochemistry.TransmiR,STRING,and miRWalk databases were used to predict the relationship between miR-328-3p and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)-related information.Expression of STAT3 mRNA and miR-328-3p was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)and the expression levels of STAT3,phosphorylated STAT3(p-STAT3),and LC3 were detected by western blot analysis.The targeted relationship between miR-328-3p and STAT3 was detected using the dual-luciferase reporter gene system.AGS cells were infected with monomeric red fluorescent protein-green fluorescent protein-LC3 adenovirus double label.LC3 was labeled and autophagy flow was observed under a confocal laser microscope.RESULTS The expression of miR-328-3p was significantly upregulated after 18β-GRA intervention in AGS cells(P=4.51E-06).Overexpression of miR-328-3p inhibited GC cell proliferation and colony formation ability,arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase,promoted cell apoptosis,and inhibited the growth of subcutaneous tumors in BALB/c nude mice(P<0.01).No obvious necrosis was observed in the tumor tissue in the negative control group(no drug intervention or lentivirus transfection)and vector group(the blank vector for lentivirus transfection),and more cells were loose and necrotic in the miR-328-3p group.Bioinformatics tools predicted that miR-328-3p has a targeting relationship with STAT3,and STAT3 was closely related to autophagy markers such as p62.After overexpressing miR-328-3p,the expression level of STAT3 mRNA was significantly decreased(P<0.01)and p-STAT3 was downregulated(P<0.05).The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that the luciferase activity of miR-328-3p and STAT33’untranslated regions of the wild-type reporter vector group was significantly decreased(P<0.001).Overexpressed miR-328-3p combined with bafilomycin A1(Baf A1)was used to detect the expression of LC3 II.Compared with the vector group,the expression level of LC3 II in the overexpressed miR-328-3p group was downregulated(P<0.05),and compared with the Baf A1 group,the expression level of LC3 II in the overexpressed miR-328-3p+Baf A1 group was upregulated(P<0.01).The expression of LC3 II was detected after intervention of 18β-GRA in GC cells,and the results were consistent with the results of miR-328-3p overexpression(P<0.05).Additional studies showed that 18β-GRA promoted autophagy flow by promoting autophagosome synthesis(P<0.001).qPCR showed that the expression of STAT3 mRNA was downregulated after drug intervention(P<0.05).Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of STAT3 and p-STAT3 were significantly downregulated after drug intervention(P<0.05).CONCLUSION 18β-GRA promotes the synthesis of autophagosomes and inhibits GC cell proliferation by regulating the miR-328-3p/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Regulation and function of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3), a member of the STAT family, is a key regulator of many physiological and pathological processes. Significant progress has been made in understanding the transcriptional control, posttranslational modification, cellular localization and functional regulation of STAT3. STAT3 can translocate into the nucleus and bind to specific promoter sequences, thereby exerting transcriptional regulation. Recent studies have shown that STAT3 can also translocate into mitochondria, participating in aerobic respiration and apoptosis. In addition, STAT3 plays an important role in inflammation and tumorigenesis by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and metabolism. Conditional knockout mouse models make it possible to study the physiological function of STAT3 in specific tissues and organs. This review summarizes the latest advances in the understanding of the expression, regulation and function of STAT3 in physiological and tumorigenic processes.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 promotes the Warburg effect possibly by inducing pyruvate kinase M2 phosphorylation in liver precancerous lesions

BACKGROUND Study shows that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) can increase the Warburg effect by stimulating hexokinase 2 in breast cancer and upregulate lactate dehydrogenase A and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 in myeloma. STAT3 and pyruvate kinase M2(PKM2) can also be activated and enhance the Warburg effect in hepatocellular carcinoma. Precancerous lesions are critical to human and rodent hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism for the development of liver precancerous lesions remains unknown. We hypothesized that STAT3 promotes the Warburg effect possibly by upregulating p-PKM2 in liver precancerous lesions in rats.AIM To investigate the mechanism of the Warburg effect in liver precancerous lesions in rats.METHODS A model of liver precancerous lesions was established by a modified Solt-Farber method. The liver pathological changes were observed by HE staining and immunohistochemistry. The transformation of WB-F344 cells induced with Nmethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and hydrogen peroxide was evaluated by the soft agar assay and aneuploidy. The levels of glucose and lactate in the tissue and culture medium were detected with a spectrophotometer. The protein levels of glutathione S-transferase-π, proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), STAT3,and PKM2 were examined by Western blot and immunofluorescence.RESULTS We found that the Warburg effect was increased in liver precancerous lesions in rats. PKM2 and p-STAT3 were upregulated in activated oval cells in liverprecancerous lesions in rats. The Warburg effect, p-PKM2, and p-STAT3 expression were also increased in transformed WB-F344 cells. STAT3 activation promoted the clonal formation rate, aneuploidy, alpha-fetoprotein expression,PCNA expression, G1/S phase transition, the Warburg effect, PKM2 phosphorylation, and nuclear translocation in transformed WB-F344 cells.Moreover, the Warburg effect was inhibited by stattic, a specific inhibitor of STAT3, and further reduced in transformed WB-F344 cells after the intervention for PKM2.CONCLUSION The Warburg effect is initiated in liver precancerous lesions in rats. STAT3 activation promotes the Warburg effect by enhancing the phosphorylation of PKM2 in transformed WB-F344 cells.

Inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 expression by RNA interference suppresses invasion through inducing anoikis in human colon cancer cells

AIM:To investigate the roles and mechanism of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in invasion of human colon cancer cells by RNA interference. METHODS: Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was transfected into HT29 colon cancer cells. STAT3 protein level and DNA-binding activity of STAT3 was evaluated by western blotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), respectively. We studied the anchorage-independent growth using colony formation in soft agar, and invasion using the boyden chamber model, anoikis using DNA fragmentation assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), respectively. Western blot assay was used to observe the protein expression of Bcl-xL and survivin in colon cancer HT29 cells. RESULTS: RNA interference (RNAi) mediated by siRNA leads to suppression of STAT3 expression in colon cancer cell lines. Suppression of STAT3 expression by siRNA could inhibit anchorage-independent growth, and invasion ability, and induces anoikis in the colon cancer cell line HT29. It has been shown that knockdown of STAT3 expression by siRNA results in a reduction in expression of Bcl-xL and survivin in HT29 cells. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that STAT3 siRNA can inhibit the invasion ability of colon cancer cells through inducing anoikis, which antiapoptotic genes survivin and Bcl-xL contribute to regulation of anoikis.These studies indicate STAT3 siRNA could be a useful therapeutic tool for the treatment of colon cancer.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging reflects activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 during focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

Signal transducer and activator of transcription（STAT）is a unique protein family that binds to DNA,coupled with tyrosine phosphorylation signaling pathways,acting as a transcriptional regulator to mediate a variety of biological effects.Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion can activate STATs signaling pathway,but no studies have confirmed whether STAT activation can be verified by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging（DWI）in rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.Here,we established a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia injury using the modified Longa method.DWI revealed hyperintensity in parts of the left hemisphere before reperfusion and a low apparent diffusion coefficient.STAT3 protein expression showed no significant change after reperfusion,but phosphorylated STAT3 expression began to increase after 30 minutes of reperfusion and peaked at 24 hours.Pearson correlation analysis showed that STAT3 activation was correlated positively with the relative apparent diffusion coefficient and negatively with the DWI abnormal signal area.These results indicate that DWI is a reliable representation of the infarct area and reflects STAT phosphorylation in rat brain following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.

Silencing of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 expression by RNA interference suppresses growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma in tumor-bearing nude mice

AIM:To explore the effect of silencing of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) expression by RNA interference(RNAi) on growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in tumor-bearing nude mice in vivo.METHODS:To construct the recombinant plasmid of pSilencer 3.0-H1-STAT3-siRNA-GFP(pSH1-siRNA-STAT3) and establish the tumor-bearing nude mouse model of the HCC cell line SMMC7721,we used intratumoral injection together with electroblotting to transfect the recombinant plasmid pSH1-siRNA-STAT3 into the transplanted tumor.The weight of the nude mice and tumor volumes were recorded.STAT3 gene transcription was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RTPCR).Level of protein expression and location of STAT3 were determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining.STAT3-related genes such as survivin,c-myc,VEGF,p53 and caspase3 mRNA and protein expression were detected in tumor tissues at the same time.The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay was used to detect apoptosis of tumor cells.RESULTS:The weight of the treated nude mice increased,and the tumor volume decreased markedly compared with those of the mock-treated and negative control groups(P < 0.01).The results of RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that mRNA and protein levels of STAT3 declined markedly in the treated group.The change in STAT3-related gene expression in tumor tissues at the mRNA and protein level also varied,the expression of survivin,VEGF and c-myc were obviously reduced,and expression of p53 and caspase3 increased(P < 0.01).Most of the tumor tissue cells in the treated group developed apoptosis that was detected by TUNEL assay.CONCLUSION:Silencing of STAT3 expression by RNAi significantly inhibits expression of STAT3 mRNA and protein,and suppresses growth of human HCC in tumor-bearing nude mice.The mechanism may be related to down-regulation of survivin,VEGF and c-myc and up-regulation of p53 and caspase3 expression.Accordingly,the STAT3 gene may act as an important and effective target in gene therapy of HCC.

Downregulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 by sorafenib:A novel mechanism for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common cancers worldwide,and a leading cause of cancer-related death.Owing to unsatisfactory clinical outcomes under the current standard of care,there is a need to search for and identify novel and potent therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.Sorafenib is the first and only approved targeted therapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Besides functioning as a multiple tyrosine kinase,sorafenib also acts via a kinase-independent mechanism to target signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.STAT3 is a key regulator of inflammation,cell survival,and tumorigenesis of liver cells,and the high percentage of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with constitutively active STAT3 justifies targeting it for the development of novel therapeutics.Sorafenib inactivates STAT3 and STAT3-related signaling by inducing a conformational change in and releasing the autoinhibition of Src homology region 2 domaincontaining phosphatase-1.This phosphatase negatively regulates STAT3 activity,which leads to the subsequent apoptosis of cancer cells.The novel anti-cancer property of sorafenib will be discussed in this review,not only adding information regarding its mechanism of action but also providing an innovative approach for the development of cancer therapeutics in the future.

Apigenin ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis in C57BL/6J mice by inactivating STAT3 and NF-κB

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease featured by patches on the skin.It is caused by malfunction of immune cells and keratinocytes with inflammation as one of its key features.Apigenin(API)is a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties.Therefore,we speculated that API can ameliorate psoriasis,and determined its effect on the development of psoriasis by using imiquimod(IMQ)-induced psoriasis mouse model.Our results showed that API attenuated IMQ-induced phenotypic changes,such as erythema,scaling and epidermal thickening,and improved splenic hyperplasia.Abnormal differentiation of immune cells was restored in API-treated mice.Mechanistically,we revealed that API is a key regulator of signal transducer activator of transcription 3(STAT3).API regulated immune responses by reducing interleukin-23(IL-23)/STAT3/IL-17A axis.Moreover,it suppressed IMQ-caused cell hyperproliferation by inactivating STAT3 through regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)pathway.Furthermore,API reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines through inactivation of NF-κB.Taken together,our study demonstrates that API can ameliorate psoriasis and may be considered as a strategy for psoriasis treatment.

Galectin 2 regulates JAK/STAT3 signaling activity to modulate oral squamous cell carcinoma proliferation and migration in vitro

Background:Galectin 2(LGALS2)is a protein previously reported to serve as a mediator of disease progression in a range of cancers.The function of LGALS2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),however,has yet to be explored,prompting the present study to address this literature gap.Methods:Overall,144 paired malignant tumor tissues and paracancerous OSCC patient samples were harvested and the LGALS2 expression levels were examined through qPCR and western immunoblotting.The LGALS2 coding sequence was introduced into the pcDNA3.0 vector,to enable the overexpression of this gene,while an LGALS2-specific shRNA and corresponding controls were also obtained.The functionality of LGALS2 as a regulator of the ability of OSCC cells to grow and undergo apoptotic death in vitro was assessed through EdU uptake and CCK-8 assays,and flow cytometer,whereas a Transwell system was used to assess migratory activity and invasivity.An agonist of the Janus Kinase 2(JAK2)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3(STAT3)pathway was also used to assess the role of this pathway in the context of LGALS2 signaling.Results:Here,we found that lower LGALS2 protein and mRNA expression were evident in OSCC tumor tissue samples,and these expression levels were associated with clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival outcomes.Silencing LGALS2 enhanced proliferation in OSCC cells while rendering these cells better able to resist apoptosis.The opposite was instead observed after LGALS2 was overexpressed.Mechanistically,the ability of LGALS2 to suppress the progression of OSCC was related to its ability to activate the JAK/STAT3 signaling axis.Conclusion:Those results suggest a role for LGALS2 as a suppressor of OSCC progression through its ability to modulate JAK/STAT3 signaling,supporting the potential utility of LGALS2 as a target for efforts aimed at treating OSCC patients.

Mechanism of Yanghe Pingchaun granules on airway remodeling in asthmatic rats based on IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling axis

Objective: To investigate the effects of Yanghe Pingchuan Granules on airway remodeling in asthmatic rats, and to explore the mechanism of Interleukin-6/Janus kinase 2/ Signal transducing activator of transcription 3(IL-6/JAK2/STAT3) signal axis. Methods: We separated 42 healthy male SD rats into two groups, a control group (7) and a model group (35).The model group was sensitized with a combination of ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide for 2 weeks, while the control group was given an equal amount of physiological saline.After 2 weeks, the modeling group was randomly divided into Model group, Yanghe Pingchuan Granules high, medium and low dose groups and Dexamethasone group, each group consisted of 7 animals. After 4 weeks, OVA atomization and gavage were used for stimulation and treatment. Yanghe Pingchuan Granules high, middle and low groups were given 15.48, 7.74, 3.87 g∙kg-1 Yanghe Pingchuan Granules daily, dexamethasone group was given 0.0625 mg∙kg-1 dexamethasone daily, and the other groups were given the same amount of normal saline. HE, PAS and Masson staining were used to observe the lung histopathological changes in rats. The levels of interleukin-6, IL-23 and IL-17A were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of JAK-2, P-JAK2, STAT3 and P-STAT3 in lung tissues were detected by Western blot. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in rat lung tissue. Results: The lung tissue structure of the model group was severely damaged compared to the control group, accompanied by a great many of inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial collagen fiber deposition and airway epithelial thickening were more obvious. The expressions of IL-6, IL- 23 and IL-17A in serum were significantly increased (P<0.01), the protein expression levels of JAK-2, P-JAK2, STAT3 and P-STAT3 and the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in lung tissue were significantly increased (P<0.01);Compared with the model group, inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell proliferation, subepithelial collagen fiber deposition and airway epithelial thickening were significantly reduced in each administration group, and the expressions of IL-6, IL-23 and IL-17A in serum were significantly decreased (P< 0.01). The protein expression levels of JAK-2, P-JAK2, STAT3 and P-STAT3 and mRNA expression levels of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in lung tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: Yanghe Pingchuan Granules can significantly alleviate airway remodeling in asthmatic rats, and its mechanism may be through inhibiting the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signal axis.

STAT3在阿尔茨海默病小鼠认知障碍发生发展中的作用及机制研究

目的 研究信号传导及转录激活因子3(STAT3)在阿尔茨海默病小鼠认知障碍发生发展中的作用及机制。方法 利用C57BL/6J小鼠双侧海马脑立体定位注射β-淀粉样蛋白建立阿尔茨海默病模型,给予STAT3抑制剂氯硝柳胺,运用动物行为学分析检测、Western blot分析检测等探究STAT3在认知障碍中的作用及机制。结果 行为学实验表明,与模型组小鼠相比,给药组小鼠的焦虑症状、空间探索能力、物体识别能力和学习记忆能力均得到改善;Western blot分析结果表明,给药后小鼠阿尔茨海默病的病理标志物改善,促炎因子表达下调;试剂盒分析结果显示给药组小鼠氧化应激相关指标改善;HE染色结果显示给药组小鼠海马神经元组织形态的改善。结论 本研究初步证明了抑制STAT3可减轻神经炎症和氧化应激,从而改善阿尔茨海默病小鼠的认知障碍。

纤维介素2在卵巢癌中的表达及其对SKOV3细胞生物学特性的影响

目的 探讨纤维介素2(FGL2)在上皮性卵巢癌中的表达情况及其对人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞生物学特性的影响及相关机制。方法 (1)取2018年7月—2020年5月在河北省人民医院行手术治疗的40例浆液性卵巢癌以及16例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤患者的切除组织标本,免疫组化法检测组织标本中FGL2蛋白表达情况。(2)取SKOV3细胞,实验设空白组、FGL2 siRNA转染组和阴性对照siRNA组,采用Western blot法检测细胞中FGL2蛋白表达情况,以确定FGL2 siRNA转染效率;后续通过CCK-8法以及Transwell实验检测FGL2 siRNA转染组和阴性对照siRNA组SKOV3细胞增殖、侵袭及迁移能力,Western blot法检测细胞中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)蛋白表达情况,观察沉默FGL2对SKOV3细胞增殖、侵袭及迁移能力和IL-6/STAT3信号通路的影响。结果 浆液性卵巢癌患者组织标本中FGL2蛋白高表达率明显高于卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤患者[80.0%(32/40)比37.5%(6/16),P<0.05]。FGL2 siRNA转染组FGL2蛋白相对表达量明显低于阴性对照siRNA组(P<0.05);FGL2 siRNA转染组转染后48 h、72 h、96 h、120 h的SKOV3细胞增殖活性均明显低于同期阴性对照siRNA组(P均<0.05);Transwell加基质胶侵袭实验和不加基质胶迁移实验显示FGL2 siRNA转染组穿膜细胞数均明显少于阴性对照siRNA组(P均<0.05);FGL2 siRNA组IL-6和p-STAT3蛋白相对表达量均明显低于阴性对照siRNA组(P均<0.05)。结论 卵巢癌组织中存在FGL2高表达,沉默FGL2抑制IL-6/STAT3信号通路的活性可影响卵巢癌细胞的生物学特性,推测FGL2可作为卵巢癌诊治的靶点之一。

宫颈癌组织中KLF12、STAT3的表达及其与临床病理特征和预后的相关性

目的:分析宫颈癌中Krüpple样转录因子12(KLF12),信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)的表达,并探讨其与临床病理特征和预后的相关性。方法:收集2017年07月至2020年07月收治于本院的82例宫颈癌患者活检及手术宫颈癌标本。采用免疫组化法检测患者宫颈癌组织及宫颈癌KLF12、STAT3表达情况。通过χ^(2)检验分析KLF12、STAT3表达与宫颈癌患者临床病理特征的关系。采用多因素Cox回归分析宫颈癌患者预后的相关因素。绘制Kaplan-Meier曲线分析KLF12、STAT3表达与宫颈癌患者3年生存率的关系。结果:宫颈癌组织KLF12阳性表达率高于癌旁组织(P<0.05),STAT3阳性表达率高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。不同年龄、产次、月经状态、肿瘤直径、组织学分类、浸润深度患者宫颈癌组织中KLF12、STAT3表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。FIGO分期Ⅱ期、低分化、有淋巴结转移的宫颈癌患者组织中KLF12、STAT3阳性表达率较高(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析显示,FIGO分期Ⅱ期、KLF12、STAT3阳性表达均是宫颈癌患者3年内死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier曲线结果显示,KLF12阳性表达患者3年生存率66.66%(28/42)低于KLF12阴性表达患者90.00%(36/40)(P<0.05),STAT3阳性表达患者3年生存率70.49%(43/61)低于STAT3阴性表达患者100%(21/21)(P<0.05)。结论:宫颈癌组织中KLF12、STAT3阳性表达升高,两者异常表达与FIGO分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移及预后有关,可作为用于评估预后的生物标志物。

活动性肺结核患者血清ATG3和FOXO3水平变化对患者病情进展及预后评估的相关性分析

目的分析活动性肺结核患者血清中自噬相关基因3(ATG3)和叉头转录因子O亚型3(FOXO3)表达水平变化以及与患者病情进展及预后的关系。方法以2019年9月~2022年9月于本院就诊的91例活动性肺结核患者(观察组)为研究对象,另选取同时期于本院体检的91例健康体检者作为对照组;酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中ATG3和FOXO3表达水平;利用Spearman相关分析活动性肺结核患者血清中ATG3和FOXO3表达水平与患者病情严重程度之间的相关性;采用Logistic回归分析影响活动性肺结核患者预后的因素;采用ROC曲线分析血清中ATG3和FOXO3表达水平对活动性肺结核患者预后评估的价值。结果与对照组相比,观察组血清中ATG3和FOXO3表达水平显著下降(P<0.05);与轻症组相比,重症组患者血清中ATG3和FOXO3表达水平显著下降(P<0.05);与预后不良组相比,预后良好组患者血清中ATG3和FOXO3表达水平显著升高(P<0.05);预后良好组与预后不良组患者ESR、PCT、CRP、TNF-α、INF-γ和IL-2相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Spearman相关分析显示活动性肺结核患者血清中ATG3和FOXO3表达水平与患者病情严重程度呈负相关(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,ESR、CRP、ATG3和FOXO3为影响活动性肺结核患者预后不良的因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析显示,血清中ATG3和FOXO3表达水平联合预测活动性肺结核患者预后较ATG3和FOXO3单一指标预测效果更优(P<0.05)。结论活动性肺结核患者血清中ATG3和FOXO3表达水平显著下降,且与活动性肺结核病情严重程度相关,二者联合对活动性肺结核患者预后具有较高的评估价值。

白藜芦醇通过阻断JAK激酶2/信号转导及转录活化因子3信号通路抑制食管癌细胞增殖和迁移并诱导其凋亡的作用研究

目的探究白藜芦醇对人食管癌细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移及JAK激酶2/信号转导及转录活化因子3(JAK2/STAT3)信号通路的调控作用。方法2021年7月至2022年7月,体外培养人食管癌OE19细胞,将细胞分为对照组(不做干预)和实验组(15、30、60、90和120μmol/L白藜芦醇干预24 h)进行预实验,根据细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)预实验结果,筛选有显著作用且细胞活力高于50%的30、60、90μmol/L白藜芦醇进行后续的实验,后续实验又分为对照组(不做干预)、30、60、90μmol/L白藜芦醇组(30、60和90μmol/L白藜芦醇)和30μmol/L白藜芦醇+抑制剂组(30μmol/L白藜芦醇+10μmol/L JAK2/STAT3通路抑制剂AG490),干预24 h。用5-乙炔基-2'脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(EdU)、Hoechst 33258染色、Transwell、实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)及蛋白质印迹法对细胞增殖率、凋亡情况、迁移数及细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)、胱天蛋白酶-3(caspase-3)和JAK2/STAT3相关因子表达水平进行分析。结果不同浓度实验组的细胞活力与对照组相比逐渐降低,其中30、60、90和120μmol/L白藜芦醇差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但120μmol/L白藜芦醇组细胞活力低于50%,所以本研究选择30、60和90μmol/L白藜芦醇继续后续实验;60μmol/L白藜芦醇组细胞增殖率(41.49±5.06)%、迁移细胞数(36.67±2.52)个显著低于对照组(53.34±1.99)%、(58.00±2.00)个,凋亡细胞数(7.67±1.53)个显著高于对照组(2.50±0.71)个,且cyclin D1、p-JAK2和p-STAT3表达量也低于对照组,caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达水平高于对照组(P<0.05);30、90μmol/L白藜芦醇组以上各指标与对照组比较同样如此。与30μmol/L白藜芦醇组相比,30μmol/L白藜芦醇+抑制剂组以上各指标变化更显著(P<0.05)。结论白藜芦醇可通过抑制JAK2/STAT3通路抑制人食管癌OE19细胞的增殖和迁移并诱导凋亡。

miR-125a-5p通过靶向STAT3减轻戊四唑诱导的癫痫大鼠神经功能障碍和炎症反应

目的:探讨miR-125a-5p通过靶向信号转导与转录激活因子3(STAT3)对戊四唑(PTZ)诱导的癫痫大鼠神经功能障碍和炎症反应的影响。方法:采用PTZ点燃法建立大鼠癫痫模型,并将其随机分为6组:Con组、PTZ组、PTZ+agomir NC组、PTZ+miR-125a-5p agomir组、PTZ+miR-125a-5p agomir+pcDNA组和PTZ+miR-125a-5p agomir+pc-STAT3组,评价miR-125a-5p对大鼠癫痫持续时间、潜伏期、惊厥次数和严重程度的影响。qRT-PCR检测miR-125a-5p和STAT3 mRNA表达;改良神经系统严重程度评分(mNSS)、开场实验和Rotarod测试评价癫痫大鼠的神经功能;Morris水迷宫实验评价癫痫大鼠的认知功能;免疫染色观察海马CA1和CA3区域神经元凋亡;ELISA检测海马组织炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β和IL-18)水平;Western blot检测海马组织中STAT3蛋白表达;双荧光素酶实验验证miR-125a-5p和STAT3的关系。结果:在PTZ诱导的癫痫大鼠中,miR-125a-5p表达上调,STAT3表达下调,且miR-125a-5p靶向抑制STAT3表达。与PTZ组相比,PTZ+miR-125a-5p agomir组癫痫大鼠的潜伏期缩短,癫痫评分降低,癫痫发作时间和次数减少,mNSS降低,掉落潜伏期及外围区域的移动距离、开放区域的总距离延长,逃避潜伏期显著降低,穿越平台次数及停留在目标象限的时间和游泳距离均增加,海马组织TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-18表达降低,CA3和CA1区的NenN+细胞增多(P<0.05);STAT3过表达可逆转miR-125a-5p agomir对癫痫大鼠神经功能障碍及炎症反应的缓解作用(P<0.05)。结论:miR-125a-5p通过靶向下调STAT3,减轻PTZ诱导的癫痫大鼠神经功能障碍和炎症反应。

青藤碱调节CXCR4-STAT3轴对卵巢癌A2780细胞增殖、迁移和血管生成拟态的影响

目的:探讨青藤碱(Sinomenine)对卵巢癌细胞增殖、迁移和血管生成拟态的影响及作用机制。方法:使用不同浓度(0、0.25、0.50、1.0、2.0、4.0、8.0 mmol/L)的青藤碱分别处理A2780细胞24、48 h, CCK-8法检测细胞存活率。将A2780细胞随机分为对照(Control)组、CXCR4激活剂基质细胞衍生因子-1(SDF-1)(SDF-1,100 ng/mL)组、CXCR4抑制剂普乐沙福(Plerixafor, 500 ng/mL)组、青藤碱(Sinomenine, 1.0 mmol/L)组、Sinomenine+SDF-1(1.0 mmol/L Sinomenine+100 ng/mL SDF-1)组,分别检测A2780细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭,体外血管生成拟态形成实验检测青藤碱对血管生成拟态的影响,Western blot法检测血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、上皮细胞激酶(EphA2)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)、MMP-2、CXC趋化因子受体4(CXCR4)、信号转导与转录激活因子3(STAT3)、磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)蛋白表达。结果:青藤碱可有效抑制A2780细胞增殖,且呈浓度依赖性;青藤碱可显著抑制A2780细胞迁移、侵袭及血管生成拟态形成,并下调血管生成拟态标志蛋白VEGF、EphA2、MMP-9、MMP-2表达,抑制CXCR4、p-STAT3表达(P<0.05),青藤碱的这一抑制作用可被CXCR4激活剂减弱。结论:青藤碱可能通过抑制CXCR4-STAT3轴,抑制卵巢癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭及血管生成拟态形成。

STAT3信号通路在神经退行性疾病中的研究进展

信号传导及转录激活蛋白3(STAT3)信号通路是机体重要的信号通路,大量体内外研究显示该通路与神经退行性疾病密切相关,其激活引发的神经炎症等在疾病的发生发展中起着重要作用。在阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病中,多项生理生化研究显示STAT3信号通路在患者体内激活并与多项病理特征存在潜在联系,但其具体作用还存在争议;关于STAT3在其他神经退行性疾病(如血管性痴呆、亨廷顿病、肌萎缩侧索硬化、多发性硬化)的病理生理作用的研究较少,大多集中于药效研究,有待进一步探索发现。本文对STAT3信号通路在神经退行性疾病中的作用进行综述,并列举靶向STAT3药物的最新研究进展,旨在为治疗该类疾病提供有潜力的新靶点。

基于JAK2/STAT3信号通路探究利咽糖浆对慢性咽炎大鼠咽喉组织损伤及咽黏膜修复的影响

目的:基于Janus激酶2(JAK2)/信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)信号通路探究利咽糖浆对慢性咽炎大鼠咽喉组织损伤及咽黏膜修复的影响。方法:取SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、利咽糖浆组、RO8191(JAK2/STAT3激活剂)组、利咽糖浆+RO8191组,模型组与药物干预组大鼠采用氨水刺激咽部构建慢性咽炎模型,对照组大鼠咽部注射等剂量生理盐水,经利咽糖浆与RO8191干预后,检测大鼠一般情况及咽部表观状态,并进行咽部表观状态评分;HE染色检测大鼠咽部病理形态变化;流式细胞术检测大鼠外周血T淋巴细胞亚群CD4^(+)T与CD8^(+)T表达、CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T;试剂盒检测大鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、IL-6、IL-10、丙二醛(MDA)、活性氧(ROS)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)水平;以免疫印记法检测大鼠咽部组织JAK2/STAT3通路相关蛋白表达。结果:与对照组比较,模型组大鼠咽部组织出现明显病理形态损伤,外周血CD4^(+)T与CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T、IL-10、血清T-AOC水平降低(P<0.05),咽部表观状态评分、CD8^(+)T、血清TNF-α、IL-6、MDA与ROS水平、咽部组织p-JAK2/JAK2与p-STAT3/STAT3水平升高(P<0.05);与模型组、利咽糖浆+RO8191组相比,利咽糖浆组大鼠咽部组织病理形态损伤减轻,外周血CD4^(+)T表达与CD4^(+)T/CD8^(+)T、IL-10、血清T-AOC水平均升高(P<0.05),咽部表观状态评分、CD8^(+)T、血清TNF-α、IL-6、MDA与ROS水平、咽部组织p-JAK2/JAK2与p-STAT3/STAT3水平均降低(P<0.05);RO8191组大鼠各指标变化趋势与利咽糖浆组相反。结论:利咽糖浆可通过抑制JAK2/STAT3信号激活减轻炎症及氧化应激,增强抗炎及抗氧化能力,缓解慢性咽炎大鼠咽喉组织损伤,修复咽黏膜。