基于TOPSIS法和波士顿矩阵的医院神经专科能力评估研究

目的通过对以神经科学集群建设为特色的三级甲等医院的神经专科能力进行评估,为国内医院的特色专科建设提供参考。方法从服务能力、技术能力、质量安全和服务效率4个维度建立神经外科、神经内科专科能力评估指标体系,通过优劣解距离(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)法纵向比较首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经专科2019—2023年发展趋势,并采用波士顿矩阵深入分析神经专科各亚专业建设情况。结果2019—2023年首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经专科TOPSIS综合得分指数呈上升趋势。神经外科以胶质瘤诊治为主的肿瘤专业1,在技术能力和质量安全方面得分指数最高;神经内科以脑血管病为主的亚专业,在技术能力和服务效率方面得分指数较高,以上两个亚专业在波士顿矩阵中均处于优势巩固区。结论2019—2023年首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经专科诊治能力不断提升。神经外科亚专业中,专科能力排名最高的为肿瘤专业1,诊疗技术难度较高,同时医疗质量负性事件发生率低。神经内科各亚专业中,脑血管专业诊疗技术难度高且服务高效。

Load Reduction Test Method of Similarity Theory and BP Neural Networks of Large Cranes

Static load tests are an important means of supervising and detecting a crane＇s lift capacity. Due to space restrictions, however, there are difficulties and potential danger when testing large bridge cranes. To solve the loading problems of large-tonnage cranes during testing, an equivalency test is proposed based on the similarity theory and BP neural networks. The maximum stress and displacement of a large bridge crane is tested in small loads, combined with the training neural network of a similar structure crane through stress and displacement data which is collected by a physics simulation progressively loaded to a static load test load within the material scope of work. The maximum stress and displacement of a crane under a static load test load can be predicted through the relationship of stress, displacement, and load. By measuring the stress and displacement of small tonnage weights, the stress and displacement of large loads can be predicted, such as the maximum load capacity, which is 1.25 times the rated capacity. Experimental study shows that the load reduction test method can reflect the lift capacity of large bridge cranes. The load shedding predictive analysis for Sanxia 1200 t bridge crane test data indicates that when the load is 1.25 times the rated lifting capacity, the predicted displacement and actual displacement error is zero. The method solves the problem that lifting capacities are difficult to obtain and testing accidents are easily possible when 1.25 times related weight loads are tested for large tonnage cranes.

Simulation of single bubble dynamic process in pool boiling process under microgravity based on phase field method

We use the phase field method to track the gas-liquid interface based on the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the pool boiling process,and study the bubble nucleation,growth,deformation,departure and other dynamic behaviors on the heating surface under microgravity.By simulating the correlation between liquid undercooling and bubble dynamics,we find that the bubble growth time increases with the increase of liquid undercooling,but the effect of liquid undercooling on bubble height is not significant.Meanwhile,the gas-liquid-solid three-phase contact angle and the gravity level will also have an effect on the bubble growth time and bubble height.With the increase of the contact angle,the bubble growth time and bubble height when the bubble departs also increase.While the effect of gravity level is on the contrary,the smaller the gravity level is,the larger the bubble height and bubble growth time when the bubble separates.

Similarity solutions of vertical plane wall plume based on finite analytic method

The turbulent flow of vertical plane wall plume with concentration variation was studied with the finite analytical method. The k-epsilon model with the effect of buoyancy on turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate was adopted. There were similarity solutions in the uniform environment for the system of equations including the equation of continuity, the equation of momentum along the flow direction and concentration, and equations of k, epsilon. The finite analytic method was applied to obtain the similarity solution. The calculated data of velocity, relative density difference, the kinetic energy of turbulence and its dissipation rate distribution for vertical plane plumes are in good agreement with the experimental data at the turbulent Schmidt number equal to 1.0. The variations of their maximum value along the direction of main flow were also given. It shows that the present model is good, i.e., the effect of buoyancy on turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate should be taken into account, and the finite analytic method is effective.

A Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval Method Using Relative Difference-Based Similarity Measure

Content-based medical image retrieval(CBMIR)is a technique for retrieving medical images based on automatically derived image features.There are many applications of CBMIR,such as teaching,research,diagnosis and electronic patient records.Several methods are applied to enhance the retrieval performance of CBMIR systems.Developing new and effective similarity measure and features fusion methods are two of the most powerful and effective strategies for improving these systems.This study proposes the relative difference-based similarity measure(RDBSM)for CBMIR.The new measure was first used in the similarity calculation stage for the CBMIR using an unweighted fusion method of traditional color and texture features.Furthermore,the study also proposes a weighted fusion method for medical image features extracted using pre-trained convolutional neural networks(CNNs)models.Our proposed RDBSM has outperformed the standard well-known similarity and distance measures using two popular medical image datasets,Kvasir and PH2,in terms of recall and precision retrieval measures.The effectiveness and quality of our proposed similarity measure are also proved using a significant test and statistical confidence bound.

基于AHP和TOPSIS-模糊综合评价的多场景储能选型方法

目前储能技术路线多样,不同类型的储能各具应用前景,但储能选型需要综合考虑经济性、安全性等因素,是一个复杂的多目标决策问题,因此储能选型是工程应用中的关键问题之一。提出一种将层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)和优劣解距离法(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)-模糊综合分析法相结合的储能选型评价体系。首先,通过建立评价体系的判断矩阵,利用AHP获取指标权重;其次,将判断矩阵里量纲不同的指标类型用TOPSIS做规范化处理,以此获得更客观的权重向量,改善AHP法的主观性;而后,将指标权重对角化处理并与标准化后的矩阵相乘获得加权判断矩阵,并求取贴近度向量。最后,加权判断矩阵与模糊综合分析法关系矩阵相乘获取储能类型的隶属度评价结果,并以隶属度最大值所在的等级为最终评价,处于等级Ⅰ中最佳,等级Ⅱ次之并以此类推;由此通过TOPSIS获得更客观的权重向量,改善AHP法的主观性,得到的权重向量也更客观。最后以锂离子电池、钠硫电池和铅酸电池等七种储能类型在应用于削峰填谷、电网保供电和改善电压质量场景为例,并与现有的储能选型方法进行比较,体现该评价体系的创新,检验所提评价体系和选型方法的有效性。

Weakness Ranking Method for Subsystems of Heavy-Duty Machine Tools Based on FMECA Information

Heavy-duty machine tools are composed of many subsystems with different functions,and their reliability is governed by the reliabilities of these subsystems.It is important to rank the weaknesses of subsystems and identify the weakest subsystem to optimize products and improve their reliabilities.However,traditional ranking methods based on failure mode effect and critical analysis(FMECA)does not consider the complex maintenance of products.Herein,a weakness ranking method for the subsystems of heavy-duty machine tools is proposed based on generalized FMECA information.In this method,eight reliability indexes,including maintainability and maintenance cost,are considered in the generalized FMECA information.Subsequently,the cognition best worst method is used to calculate the weight of each screened index,and the weaknesses of the subsystems are ranked using a technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution.Finally,based on the failure data collected from certain domestic heavy-duty horizontal lathes,the weakness ranking result of the subsystems is obtained to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.An improved weakness ranking method that can comprehensively analyze and identify weak subsystems is proposed herein for designing and improving the reliability of complex electromechanical products.

Abundant invariant solutions of extended(3+1)-dimensional KP-Boussinesq equation

Lie group analysis method is applied to the extended(3+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili–Boussinesq equation and the corresponding similarity reduction equations are obtained with various infinitesimal generators.By selecting suitable arbitrary functions in the similarity reduction solutions,we obtain abundant invariant solutions,including the trigonometric solution,the kink-lump interaction solution,the interaction solution between lump wave and triangular periodic wave,the two-kink solution,the lump solution,the interaction between a lump and two-kink and the periodic lump solution in different planes.These exact solutions are also given graphically to show the detailed structures of this high dimensional integrable system.

Radiation Effect on Heat Transfer Analysis of MHD Flow of Upper Convected Maxwell Fluid between a Porous and a Moving Plate

The study in this manuscript aims to analyse the impact of thermal radiation on the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic flow of upper convected Maxwell(UCM)fluid between parallel plates.The lower plate is porous and stationary,while the top plate is impermeable and moving.The equations that describe the flow are transformed into non-linear ordinary differential equations with boundary conditions by employing similarity transformations.The Homotopy Perturbation Method(HPM)is then employed to approach the obtained non-linear ordinary differential equations and get an approximate analytical solution.The analysis includes plotting the velocity profile for different Reynolds number values and temperature distribution curves for distinct physical parameters such as Reynolds number,Deborah number,magnetic parameter,porosity parameter,radiation parameter,and Prandtl number.In the case of injection,the temporal profile declines with an increase in radiation parameter as the plates move away from each other,and an opposite trend is observed as plates move towards each other.Furthermore,the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate are analysed for the impact of these parameters using HPM.The numerical values obtained using HPM are compared using the classical finite difference method.The results show good agreement between the semi-analytical and numerical solutions.

基于组合赋权-TOPSIS的修理分队路线选择能力评估

修理分队指挥员科学、合理、快速地选择机动路线,对于高效发挥巡回保障力量抢修效益、有效保存战场抢修有生力量具有十分重要的意义。以单目标点抢救抢修任务为研究对象,根据摩步机动路线选择的主要影响因素,构建修理分队路线选择的评估指标体系。采用组合赋权-逼近理想值法(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)评估模型,对分队抢修仿真行动过程中指挥员所选择的机动路线进行评估。在仿真条件下,对3位指挥员提出的机动路线进行评估排序,选择最优路线,以验证该方法的可行性和有效性。

基于加权TOPSIS法的PEG-rhG-CSF合理性评价

目的建立聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞刺激因子(PEG-rhG-CSF)合理性使用的评价标准,利用加权优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)对PEG-rhG-CSF进行评价,为临床合理使用提供参考依据。方法调取福州市第二医院2019年10月至2022年4月的出院病历,以PEG-rhG-CSF说明书为基础,参照相关指南、专家共识以及文献资料制订评价标准,采用加权TOPSIS法进行合理性评价。结果使用PEG-rhG-CSF的426份病历中,理想解相对接近度(C_(i))>80%共250例(占比58.69%),介于60%~80%的124例(占比29.11%),<60%的52例(占比12.21%)。主要不合理使用问题表现在适应证不适宜、给药时机不适宜、药物联用不适宜。结论基于TOPSIS法的合理性评价,综合考虑多个指标,可以反映药物使用过程中各个环节的使用情况,评价过程简便灵活,操作性强。评价结果显示福州市第二医院PEG-rhG-CSF的临床应用过程基本合理,但需要加大管理的力度,保证临床合理使用该类药物。

基于CRITIC-TOPSIS法地铁车站基坑开挖施工安全风险评估——以济南地铁9号线开源路站为例

地铁车站基坑通常因规模大、近接建构筑物、对变形控制的要求高,而成为地铁车站建设中重点关注的环节。如何对地铁车站基坑开挖施工进行科学有效的评估,使其对施工工法及技术进行优化和指导,降低地铁车站建设时带来的风险,有至关重要的意义。应用指标相关性权重确定(CRITIC)法,并结合逼近理想解排序(TOPSIS)法,依托在建地铁车站基坑项目进行评估。结果表明:周边环境与支护不足成为地铁车站基坑开挖施工的主要风险来源;对于狭长型的地铁车站基坑来说,端头井处较易发生危险。通过使用CRITIC-TOPSIS法对地铁车站基坑开挖施工进行安全风险评估,可有效分析基坑开挖中的风险因素并按照影响程度进行大小排序,针对具体因素采取有效措施以减小施工风险。

SELF-SIMILAR CRACK EXPANSION METHOD FOR THE STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR ANALYSIS

The Self-Similar Crack Expansion (SSCE) method is proposed to evaluate stress intensity factors at crack tips, whereby stress intensity factors of a crack can be determined by the crack opening displacement over the crack, not just by the local displacement around the crack tip. The crack expansion rate is estimated by taking advantage of the crack self-similarity. Therefore, the accuracy of the calculation is improved. The singular integrals on crack tip elements are also analyzed and are precisely evaluated in terms of a special integral analysis. Combination of these two techniques greatly increases the accuracy in estimating the stress distribution around the crack tip. A variety of two-dimensional cracks, such as subsurface cracks, edge cracks, and their interactions are calculated in terms of the self-similar expansion rate. Solutions are satisfied with errors less than 0.5% as compared with the analytical solutions. Based on the calculations of the crack interactions, a theory for crack interactions is proposed such that for a group of aligned cracks the summation of the square of SIFs at the right tips of cracks is always equal to that at the left tips of cracks. This theory was proved by the mehtod of Self-Similar Crack Expansion in this paper.

基于离差最大化-TOPSIS模型的城市创新竞争力综合评价——以广东省21个地市为例

创新是推动科学技术进步的第一动力,也代表着城市的核心竞争力。为了准确评价广东省21个地级市的创新竞争力,通过构建离差最大化-TOPSIS(逼近理想解排序)模型,对各地级市2011—2016年的创新竞争力进行实证分析,得到21个城市创新竞争力的综合得分、排名情况及演变过程。研究表明:在横向比较方面,广州和深圳创新竞争力处于领先地位,珠三角城市排名紧随其后,而粤东粤北地区城市排名则相对靠后;在纵向比较方面,有18个城市创新竞争力的排名发生小幅变动,而广州、深圳、东莞、佛山的创新竞争力一直稳居前4。最后,针对广东省21个地级市创新竞争力的排名情况提出政策建议。

基于AHP-TOPSIS法评价酮咯酸氨丁三醇注射液的合理性

目的 建立酮咯酸氨丁三醇注射液合理性审核要点,为该药的合理性评价及临床应用提供参考。方法 通过美康合理用药监测系统(PASS),采用等间隔法抽取2023年1~6月使用酮咯酸氨丁三醇注射液的出院病历300份,以酮咯酸氨丁三醇注射液说明书、《成人术后疼痛处理专家共识》等为依据,制定酮咯酸丁三醇注射液的审核要点,采用AHP-TOPSIS对其合理性进行评价。结果 该研究建立了包括适应症、给药速度、给药剂量等9个指标的审核要点。300份出院病历中完全合理(Ci=1.0)的有75份(25%),基本合理(0.6≤Ci<1.0)的有70份(23.3%),不合理(Ci<0.6)的有155份(51.7%)。存在的主要问题有适应症不适宜、用药疗程长和不恰当的合并用药。结论 运用酮咯酸氨丁三醇审核要点进行点评可提高评价的同质化水平,AHP-TOPSIS法有助于更加全面和客观地评价药物的使用合理性。

组合赋权TOPSIS在洪涝灾害下城市区域韧性评估中的应用

城市暴雨洪涝灾害是目前我国城市最突出的自然灾害。在韧性城市理念的基础上,从抵抗力、适应力和恢复力3大属性及经济、社会、生态环境和基础设施4个维度建立洪涝灾害下城市韧性评估指标体系。为定量评估城市应对洪涝灾害的能力,基于层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)和CRITIC(Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation)的组合赋权法,运用逼近理想解排序法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution,TOPSIS)构建城市韧性评估模型。以西安市为例,对新城区、碑林区、莲湖区、灞桥区、未央区和雁塔区6个区域韧性进行评估。结果表明:抵抗力属性和生态环境维度是影响城市韧性水平的最主要因素;灞桥区韧性水平等级为Ⅲ级,新城区和未央区韧性水平等级为Ⅱ级,碑林区、莲湖区和雁塔区为Ⅰ级。评估结果可为提升城市韧性、降低洪涝灾害风险提供参考。

基于组合赋权-TOPSIS模型的机场运行效率评价

为提高机场运行效率评价结果的科学性和全面性,提出了一种基于组合赋权-TOPSIS(technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution)模型的机场运行效率评价方法。从机位运行效率、旅客登机效率、飞机滑行效率和协同效率4个维度出发,构建了由航班靠桥率、廊桥周转率、机位变更比例等11个指标组成的机场运行效率评价体系;利用G1法、熵权法分别计算评价指标主观和客观权重,以最小化主客观加权属性偏离程度为目标计算组合权重;使用TOPSIS计算待评价机场综合评价指数。利用该模型分析国内3类共8家机场的运行效率,可以得到各评价对象的运行效率等级和综合排名。结果表明:该模型能够有效探明影响机场运行效率的主要因素,具有一定的参考价值。

基于组合赋权-TOPSIS法的拆卸方案决策研究

拆卸是回收和再制造的重要步骤,为了使拆卸方案达到高效率、低排放以及高经济效益的目标,文章建立一种基于组合赋权-TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution)法的拆卸方案决策模型。针对拆卸方案,从环境、技术和经济3个角度构建拆卸方案评价指标体系;依据最小信息熵原理,综合改进层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)、熵权法与CRITIC(criteria importance through intercriteria correlation)法,为各指标进行组合赋权;使用组合权重改进TOPSIS模型,构建拆卸方案的贴近度指标,对拆卸方案进行判定;以银行自动取款机(automated teller machine,ATM)拆卸为实例进行分析,并与其他决策模型对比,验证所提决策模型的合理性及有效性,实现多拆卸方案的决策。

基于优先级层次熵-修正TOPSIS法的区域科技创新能力评价

区域科技创新能力已成为决定地区综合竞争力的重要因素,科学全面地评价区域科技创新能力有助于提升地区经济水平。从创新投入能力、创新产出能力、技术转化能力、创新环境支撑能力4个维度,构建区域科技创新能力评价指标体系。考虑到指标优先级的影响,采用不完全指标排序关系修正方法并结合层次分析法和熵值法对评价指标进行组合赋权,进而使用修正TOPSIS(逼近理想解排序)法进行综合评价。最后,选取陕西、北京、河南、辽宁4个不同地区代表性省市,对其科技创新能力进行综合评价。评价结果与现实情况基本一致,从而验证了评价方法的有效性。

基于TOPSIS-灰色关联分析法的网络空间防御能力评估

攻与守是辩证的统一,二者的相互转换是战斗过程的直观体现。网络攻防中,进攻通常占据主导地位,防御相对居于弱势位置,动态防御思想受到重视。通过梳理分析网络空间动态防御,得到影响网络空间防御能力的各个因素,构建了一套基于动态赋能的网络空间防御指标体系。为了排除由于人为偏好对结果的干扰,采用熵权法精简指标集合,对各项指标进行综合权重赋权,运用TOPSIS-灰色关联分析法构建了评估模型,实现了网络空间防御能力的评估,通过具体案例证明了该评估模型有效可行。