Presents the robot soccer software simulation platform to be firstly used at FIRA Robot World Cup China 2001, introduces the system’s purpose and design plan; discusses the system core server configuration and workin...Presents the robot soccer software simulation platform to be firstly used at FIRA Robot World Cup China 2001, introduces the system’s purpose and design plan; discusses the system core server configuration and working principle; describes the operating method and how to develop competition strategy, and refers to the teams to take part in FIRA Robot World Cup China 2001 and investigators who are interested in the distributed multi agent system.展开更多
Background:In a sprint cross-country(XC)ski competition,the difference in recovery times separating the first and the second semi-final(SF)heats from the final(F)may affect performance.The aim of the current study was...Background:In a sprint cross-country(XC)ski competition,the difference in recovery times separating the first and the second semi-final(SF)heats from the final(F)may affect performance.The aim of the current study was to compare the effects of longer vs.shorter recovery periods prescribed between the 3 knock-out races of a simulated sprint XC ski competition involving a prologue(P),quarter-final(QF),SF,and F.Methods:Eleven well-trained XC ski athletes completed 2 simulated sprint XC ski competitions on a treadmill involving 4×883-m roller-ski bouts at a 4°incline using the gear 3 ski-skating sub-technique.The first 3 bouts were completed at a fixed speed(PFIX,QFFIX,and SFFIX)corresponding to~96%of each individual’s previously determined maximal effort.The final bout was performed as a self-paced sprint time trial(FSTT).Test conditions differed by the time durations prescribed between the QFFIX,SFFIX,and FSTT,which simulated real-world XC ski competition conditions using maximum(MAX-REC)or minimum(MIN-REC)recovery periods.Results:The FSTT was completed 5.4±5.5 s faster(p=0.009)during MAX-REC(179.2±18.1 s)compared to MIN-REC(184.6±20.0 s),and this was linked to a significantly higher power output(p=0.010)and total metabolic rate(p=0.009).The pre FSTT blood lactate(BLa)concentration was significantly lower during MAX-REC compared to MIN-REC(2.5±0.8 mmol/L vs.3.6±1.6 mmol/L,respectively;p=0.027),and the pre-to-post FSTT increase in BLa was greater(8.8±2.1 mmol/L vs.7.1±2.3 mmol/L,respectively;p=0.024).No other differences for MAX-REC vs.MIN-REC reached significance(p>0.05).Conclusion:Performance in a group of well-trained XC skiers is negatively affected when recovery times between sprint heats are minimized which,in competition conditions,would occur when selecting the last QF heat.This result is combined with a higher pre-race BLa concentration and a reduced rise in BLa concentration under shorter recovery conditions.These findings may help inform decision making when XC skiers are faced with selecting a QF heat within a sprint competition.展开更多
Due to long-term lack of comprehensive practice platform in simulation courses,students suffer from the challenges of engineering ability and systemic thinking training restrictions,"teaching"and“learning”...Due to long-term lack of comprehensive practice platform in simulation courses,students suffer from the challenges of engineering ability and systemic thinking training restrictions,"teaching"and“learning”separation,etc.To solve those problems,our teaching group created a simulation competition platform independently for theoretical and practical teaching of"Game Simulation&Modelmg" course.The introduction of competition platform has played a good role in stimulating students' learning motivation,training systemic simulation knowledge points and engineering ability,promoting theoretical and practical teaching,and enriching teaching materials through students'feedback and practice accumulation.展开更多
文摘Presents the robot soccer software simulation platform to be firstly used at FIRA Robot World Cup China 2001, introduces the system’s purpose and design plan; discusses the system core server configuration and working principle; describes the operating method and how to develop competition strategy, and refers to the teams to take part in FIRA Robot World Cup China 2001 and investigators who are interested in the distributed multi agent system.
基金supported by a general collaborative grant for winter sport research provided through Mid Sweden University and the?stersund municipality(reference number:2018/1758-500584)。
文摘Background:In a sprint cross-country(XC)ski competition,the difference in recovery times separating the first and the second semi-final(SF)heats from the final(F)may affect performance.The aim of the current study was to compare the effects of longer vs.shorter recovery periods prescribed between the 3 knock-out races of a simulated sprint XC ski competition involving a prologue(P),quarter-final(QF),SF,and F.Methods:Eleven well-trained XC ski athletes completed 2 simulated sprint XC ski competitions on a treadmill involving 4×883-m roller-ski bouts at a 4°incline using the gear 3 ski-skating sub-technique.The first 3 bouts were completed at a fixed speed(PFIX,QFFIX,and SFFIX)corresponding to~96%of each individual’s previously determined maximal effort.The final bout was performed as a self-paced sprint time trial(FSTT).Test conditions differed by the time durations prescribed between the QFFIX,SFFIX,and FSTT,which simulated real-world XC ski competition conditions using maximum(MAX-REC)or minimum(MIN-REC)recovery periods.Results:The FSTT was completed 5.4±5.5 s faster(p=0.009)during MAX-REC(179.2±18.1 s)compared to MIN-REC(184.6±20.0 s),and this was linked to a significantly higher power output(p=0.010)and total metabolic rate(p=0.009).The pre FSTT blood lactate(BLa)concentration was significantly lower during MAX-REC compared to MIN-REC(2.5±0.8 mmol/L vs.3.6±1.6 mmol/L,respectively;p=0.027),and the pre-to-post FSTT increase in BLa was greater(8.8±2.1 mmol/L vs.7.1±2.3 mmol/L,respectively;p=0.024).No other differences for MAX-REC vs.MIN-REC reached significance(p>0.05).Conclusion:Performance in a group of well-trained XC skiers is negatively affected when recovery times between sprint heats are minimized which,in competition conditions,would occur when selecting the last QF heat.This result is combined with a higher pre-race BLa concentration and a reduced rise in BLa concentration under shorter recovery conditions.These findings may help inform decision making when XC skiers are faced with selecting a QF heat within a sprint competition.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Project number:2017JJ3371).
文摘Due to long-term lack of comprehensive practice platform in simulation courses,students suffer from the challenges of engineering ability and systemic thinking training restrictions,"teaching"and“learning”separation,etc.To solve those problems,our teaching group created a simulation competition platform independently for theoretical and practical teaching of"Game Simulation&Modelmg" course.The introduction of competition platform has played a good role in stimulating students' learning motivation,training systemic simulation knowledge points and engineering ability,promoting theoretical and practical teaching,and enriching teaching materials through students'feedback and practice accumulation.