Summary of the 11th Conference on Magnetic Confined Fusion Theory and Simulation

This conference report summarizes recent progress in plasma theory and simulation that was presented in contributed papers and discussions at the 11th Conference on Magnetic Confined Fusion Theory and Simulation(CMCFTS)held in Chengdu,China,27–30 October,2023.Progress in various fields has been achieved.For example,results on zonal flow generation by mode coupling,simulations of the key physics of divertor detachment,energetic particle effects on magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)modes in addition to ion-and electron-scale turbulence,physics of edge coherent modes and edge-localized modes,and the optimization of ion heating schemes as well as confinement scenarios using advanced integrated modeling are presented at the conference.In this conference,the scientific research groups were organized into six categories:(a)edge and divertor physics;(b)impurity,heating,and current drive;(c)energetic particle physics;(d)turbulent transport;(e)MHD instability;and(f)integrated modeling and code development.A summary of the highlighted progress in these working groups is presented.

Summary of the 10th Conference on Magnetically Confined Fusion Theory and Simulation(CMCFTS)

This paper gives a summary of the organization and the presentations delivered at the 10th Conference on Magnetically Confined Fusion Theory and Simulation(CMCFTS)held in Zhuhai,China,from 28th to 31st October 2022.The conference focused on the latest progress in the research of the magnetic confined fusion plasma theory and simulations,as well as the largescale numerical simulation techniques developed in recent years.This conference is held both online and offline,with about 110 domestic participants from 18 institutes participating in the live conference,and the statistical data from the live broadcast platform indicated that the online conference attracted over 20000 views per day.A summary of the conference is given,and the history of the CMCFTS is presented.A brief introduction to the poster section is also included in this paper.

Distributed Computation Models for Data Fusion System Simulation

An attempt has been made to develop a distributed software infrastructure model for onboard data fusion system simulation, which is also applied to netted radar systems, onboard distributed detection systems and advanced C3I systems. Two architectures are provided and verified: one is based on pure TCP/IP protocol and C/S model, and implemented with Winsock, the other is based on CORBA (common object request broker architecture). The performance of data fusion simulation system, i.e. reliability, flexibility and scalability, is improved and enhanced by two models. The study of them makes valuable explore on incorporating the distributed computation concepts into radar system simulation techniques.

VirtualLab Fusion虚拟仿真辅助的菲涅尔波带法教学与探索

在教学实验中,由于受到衍射物加工精度和相机灵敏度的限制,常常不能明显地观察到与理论相匹配的菲涅耳衍射图样.本文先利用VirtualLab Fusion虚拟仿真平台计算出不同尺寸圆孔与圆屏在不同位置的菲涅耳衍射图样,再进一步针对特定尺寸圆孔与圆屏分别进行了光学实验、仿真计算以及理论预测,并对结果进行了对比分析,这将有助于增强教学效果.

Neural Network Based Algorithm and Simulation of Information Fusion in the Coal Mine

The concepts of information fusion and the basic principles of neural networks are introduced. Neural net-works were introduced as a way of building an information fusion model in a coal mine monitoring system. This assures the accurate transmission of the multi-sensor information that comes from the coal mine monitoring systems. The in-formation fusion mode was analyzed. An algorithm was designed based on this analysis and some simulation results were given. Finally,conclusions that could provide auxiliary decision making information to the coal mine dispatching officers were presented.

Molecular dynamics simulation analyses of viral fusion peptides in membranes prone to phase transition: effects on membrane curvature, phase behavior and lipid-water interface destabilization

To gain insight into the atomistic details of membrane fusion induced by fusogenic peptides, molecular dynamic simulations of synthetic peptides, derived from viral fusion proteins, contained in lipid bilayers were performed. A 20 amino acid peptide from the N-terminus of the influenza HA fusion peptide (WT20) assumed the oblique orientation at the interface between water and the membrane made up of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)/palmitic acid (PA), as reported previously for different membranes. Simulations of WT20 embedded in bilayer membranes made up of dioleoylphos-phatidylethanolamine (DOPE) and DPPC/PA showed a positive curvature-inducing effect, whereas WT20 showed a negative curvature-inducing effect on a DPPC bilayer. In phase re-constitution analyses starting from a random mixture of DPPC, PA and water molecules, WT20 weakly stabilized an inverted hexagonal phase. In the latter analyses WT20 preferentially assumed a transmembrane orientation as opposed to the interfacial orientation, regardless of the phase to which the system settled (lamellar vs. inverted hexagonal). In another set of analyses using systems containing a water layer between the apposed DPPC/PA (and DOPE) monolayers, the behavior of WT20 during the formation of an intermembrane connection (or stalk) was examined. Comparison among the mutants supports a view that the oblique orientation of WT20 facilitates the perturbation of the lipid-water interface and the stalk formation. Taken together, these results imply that the influenza HA fusion peptide can have substantial effects on the membrane curvature and can assume a wide range of orientation/position in membranes depending on the local environment of the lipid/water system. Its movability and oblique orientation appear to be associated with its ability to perturb membrane/water interfaces.

Flow field fusion simulation method based on model features and its application in CRDM

The control rod drive mechanism(CRDM)is an essential part of the control and safety protection system of pressurized water reactors.Current CRDM simulations are mostly performed collectively using a single method,ignoring the influence of multiple motion units and the differences in various features among them,which strongly affect the efficiency and accuracy of the simulations.In this study,we constructed a flow field fusion simulation method based on model features by combining key motion unit analysis and various simulation methods and then applied the method to the CRDM simulation process.CRDM performs motion unit decomposition through the structural hierarchy of function-movement-action method,and the key meta-actions are identified as the nodes in the flow field simulation.We established a fused feature-based multimethod simulation process and processed the simulation methods and data according to the features of the fluid domain space and the structural complexity to obtain the fusion simulation results.Compared to traditional simulation methods and real measurements,the simulation method provides advantages in terms of simulation efficiency and accuracy.

A Simulation Study of Hierarchical Bayesian Fusion Spatial Small Area Model for Binary Outcome under Spatial Misalignment

Simulation (stochastic) methods are based on obtaining random samples θ5 from the desired distribution p(θ) and estimating the expectation of any function h(θ). Simulation methods can be used for high-dimensional distributions, and there are general algorithms which work for a wide variety of models. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods have been important in making Bayesian inference practical for generic hierarchical models in small area estimation. Small area estimation is a method for producing reliable estimates for small areas. Model based Bayesian small area estimation methods are becoming popular for their ability to combine information from several sources as well as taking account of spatial prediction of spatial data. In this study, detailed simulation algorithm is given and the performance of a non-trivial extension of hierarchical Bayesian model for binary data under spatial misalignment is assessed. Both areal level and unit level latent processes were considered in modeling. The process models generated from the predictors were used to construct the basis so as to alleviate the problem of collinearity between the true predictor variables and the spatial random process. The performance of the proposed model was assessed using MCMC simulation studies. The performance was evaluated with respect to root mean square error (RMSE), Mean absolute error (MAE) and coverage probability of corresponding 95% CI of the estimate. The estimates from the proposed model perform better than the direct estimate.

Research on mechanical wear life feature fusion prediction method based on temporal pattern attention mechanism

In order to solve the problem of low prediction accuracy when only vibration or oil signal is used to predict the remaining life of gear wear,a gear wear life feature fusion prediction method based on temporal pattern attention mechanism is proposed.Firstly,deep residual shrinkage network(DRSN)is used to extract the features of the original vibration time series signals with low signal-tonoise ratio,and the vibration features associated with gear wear evolution are obtained.Secondly,the extracted vibration features and the oil monitoring data that can intuitively reflect the wear process information are jointly input into the bi-directional long short-term memory neural network based on temporal pattern attention mechanism(TPA-BiLSTM),the complex nonlinear relationship between vibration features,oil features and gear wear process evolution is further explored to improve the prediction accuracy.The gear life cycle dynamic response and wear process signals are obtained based on the gear numerical simulation model,and the feasibility of the proposed method is verified.Finally,the proposed method is applied to the residual life prediction of gear on a test bench,and the comparison between different methods proved the validity of the proposed method.

Multi-dimensional Simulation of Phase Change by a 0D-2D Model Coupling via Stefan Condition

Considering phase changes associated with a high-temperature molten material cooled down from the outside,this work presents an improvement of the modelling and the numerical simulation of such processes for an application pertaining to the safety of light water nuclear reactors.Postulating a core meltdown accident,the behaviour of the core melt(aka corium)into a steel vessel is of tremendous importance when evaluating the vessel integrity.Evaluating correctly the heat fluxes requires the numerical simulation of the interaction between the liquid material and its solid counterpart which forms during the solidification process,but also may melt back.To simulate this configuration,encoun-tered in various industrial applications,one considers a bi-phase model constituted by a liquid phase in contact and interaction with its solid phase.The liquid phase may solidify in presence of low energetic source,while the solid phase may melt due to an intense heat flux from the high-temperature liquid.In the frame of the in-house legacy code,several simplifying assumptions(0D multi-layer discretization,instantaneous heat transfer via a quadratic temperature profile in solids)are made for the modelling of such phase changes.In the present work,these shortcomings are illustrated and further overcome by solving a 2D heat conduction model in the solid by a mixed Raviart-Thomas finite element method coupled to the liquid phase due to heat and mass exchanges through Stefan condition.The liquid phase is modeled with a 0D multi-layer approach.The 0D-liquid and 2D-solid mod-els are coupled by a Stefan like phase change interface model.Several sanity checks are performed to assess the validity of the approach on 1D and 2D academical configurations for which exact or reference solutions are available.Then more advanced situations(genu-ine multi-dimensional phase changes and an"industrial-like scenario")are simulated to verify the appropriate behavior of the obtained coupled simulation scheme.

Numerical simulation of tritium behavior under a postulated accident condition for CFETR TEP system

China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor(CFETR)is China's self-designed and ongoing next-generation fusion reactor project.Tritium confinement systems in CFETR guarantee that the radiation level remains below the safety limit during tritium handling and operation in the fuel cycle system.Our tritium technology team is responsible for studying tritium transport behavior in the CFETR tritium safety confinement systems of the National Key R&D Program of China launched in 2017,and we are conducting CFETR tritium plant safety analysis by using CFD software.In this paper,the tritium migration and removal behavior were studied under a postulated accident condition for the Tokamak Exhaust Processing system of CFETR.The quantitative results of the transport behavior of tritium in the process room and glove box during the whole accident sequence(e.g.,tritium release,alarm,isolation,and tritium removal)have been presented.The results support the detailed design and engineering demonstration-related research of CFETR tritium plant.

不同钉棒内固定方式在腰椎侧路融合中的有限元力学分析

背景:考虑到脊柱固定的稳定性,目前临床在进行侧路椎间融合时大多采用后路双边椎弓根螺钉固定的手术方式,且多数为两期手术完成。侧卧位的后路单侧、侧方椎体钉棒固定的固定方式,也有可能会提供较好的力学稳定性,所带来的手术时间缩短、风险与花费降低等获益考量值得进一步研究。目的:比较4种不同侧路椎间融合内固定方式的生物力学特性。方法:建立正常L3-5有限元模型,在验证其有效性基础上模拟4种不同内固定方式,即后路双侧椎弓根螺钉+侧路融合模型(Model A)、后路单侧椎弓根螺钉+侧路融合模型(Model B)、侧路双侧螺钉+侧路融合模型(Model C)及侧路单侧螺钉+侧路融合模型(Model D)。分别比较各模型在生理活动范围下的稳定性、螺钉内固定和椎间融合器的应力差异。结果与结论:①对所有重构模型,在融合节段(L4-5)的活动范围均显著下降,Model A的活动范围下降更明显;②在模型的屈伸、侧屈和轴向旋转运动状态,侧路置钉的峰值应力与后路置钉的峰值应力的差异分别超过67.74 MPa、80.10 MPa和43.95 MPa;③在不同重建模型内固定应力分布方面,Model A和Model B螺钉的应力分布主要集中在椎弓根螺钉的体部,而Model C和Model D的峰值应力主要集中在螺钉的尾部;④提示Model A能够获得最好的稳定性,并且能够降低cage下沉及移位的风险;而Model B亦能够提供较好的稳定性,在保证稳定和固定的前提下能成为侧路融合的替代选择;⑤此外在选择侧路置钉的内固定时,Model C能获得与Model D相似的效果,但在临床诊疗上面对腰椎后伸不稳定的患者需谨慎选择侧路的单侧内固定,亦应避免过度后伸以降低螺钉松动和疲劳断裂的发生率。

牛生产学虚拟仿真教学课程建设与应用研究

为推动信息技术与高等教育深度融合,该文以高校牛生产学教学需求为导向,聚焦高等教育高质量发展的迫切需要,基于动物科学专业及牛生产学课程教学的特点,从课程建设及应用要解决的重点,教学载体与教学方法、虚拟仿真教学课程内容与组织实施、课程成绩评定方式、课程评价及改革成效等方面,对牛生产学引入虚拟仿真教学、虚实结合的课程建设及应用进行详尽的研究。通过项目实施,构建校企信息共享平台、形成虚实融合教学模式,创新人才培养模式。

卷积神经网提取特征的红外与可见光图像融合研究

当前红外与可见光图像融合存在一些难题,导致前红外与可见光图像精度低,误差大,而且前红外与可见光图像融合效率低,为了解决当前红外与可见光图像过程存在的问题,设计了基于卷积神经网提取特征的红外与可见光图像融合方法。首先分别采集对象的红外图像和可见光图像,并对原始图像去噪等预处理,改善图像的质量,然后采用卷积神经网络提取红外与可见光图像融合特征,根据特征得到红外与可见光图像融合结果,最后进行了仿真实验,结果表明本方法红外与可见光图像的融合结果的融合比率提高了0.24,平均梯度值提升了0.22,图像融合质量更高。

不同结构因子下带连廊高层建筑外墙火竖向蔓延数值模拟

目的 研究带连廊高层建筑发生火灾时火焰蔓延的变化规律,为该类建筑的防火设计提供参考。方法 应用火灾数值模拟软件FDS建立一个33层带连廊建筑模型,分别改变结构因子、窗口数量两种因素进行模拟,分析该模型在不同条件下的温度分布等温线和温度曲线。结果 结构因子为0.4、0.8、1.2,窗口数量为二、三、四时,达到危险温度540℃,火焰融合高度随结构因子和窗口数量增加而上升;随着结构因子的增加,火焰融合高度提高了0.25~12.5 m;随着窗口数量的增加,火焰融合高度上升了0.9~6.37 m;结论 带连廊高层建筑外墙火焰蔓延高度受结构因子和窗口数量影响;随着窗口数量增加,结构因子对火焰融合高度影响越大,结构因子越大,火焰融合高度越高;建议带连廊高层建筑连廊部分结构因子小于0.8,并选用结构因子为0.8时的火焰融合高度作为外部蔓延防火阻隔区高度。

不锈钢激光选区熔化单道成形表面介观模拟与实验验证

目的为了获得不锈钢激光选区熔化单道成形质量好的加工参数,提高成形质量。方法对于316L不锈钢材料的激光选区熔化(SLM)成形,采用离散元方法(DEM)构建颗粒随机分布的三维介观模型,采用流体体积法(VOF)动态追踪SLM成形过程熔池传热、流动和凝固等行为,该模拟考虑相变潜热、热物性参数随温度非线性变化、Marangoni效应,研究了温度梯度引起的表面张力和蒸汽反冲力等现象对熔池液态金属流动和凝固的影响,并对不同激光参数和扫描速度对熔池温度场和内部流动的影响规律进行了分析。结果当激光功率为150 W、扫描速度为400 mm/s时,激光能使不锈钢粉末充分熔化,凝固后的轨迹形貌连续光滑。通过提高激光扫描速度和降低激光功率使得热输入减小,熔道表面成形出现球化等缺陷。结论通过单道成形实验观察和分析熔池与熔道的三维尺寸与形貌,有效验证了数值模拟的正确性,较好地预测出SLM过程中的缺陷种类,为深入理解SLM过程中的复杂物理现象和优化工艺参数提供了参考。

高压陶瓷电容特性及在配网柱上开关的应用研究

电压传感器是深度融合型柱上开关的关键器件,其自身直接承受电压载荷,是深度融合柱上开关产品开发成败的关键。以无机物介质为载体的高压陶瓷电容器,具有体积小、容量大、寿命长的特点,尤其契合深度融合型固封极柱的结构特点和应用场景。文中首先分析了陶瓷电容器件特性,再结合深度融合柱上开关产品的具体应用场景,开发了基于高压陶瓷电容器的一二次融合柱上开关产品;相关研究表明,高压陶瓷电容器在配网领域应用具有相当潜力。

SLA打印制备融合TPMS氧化铝陶瓷支架结构优化设计研究

三周期最小表面(TPMS)结构具有优异的力学性能与生物医学性能,设计制造合适的TPMS骨支架结构能为骨修复、骨替代、骨愈合的临床治疗提供可能。本文基于人体骨组织结构参数分别设计了以P、G、D三种类型为主的TPMS支架及其不同融合系数K值影响下的融合TPMS支架,采用紫外立体光刻技术(SLA)打印制备了陶瓷生坯,通过脱脂与烧结后处理获得了成型氧化铝陶瓷支架,并对支架模型与成型陶瓷试样分别进行了有限元仿真与实验测试。结果表明:1)陶瓷支架具有相对光滑的表面与较高的成型精度,其整体形态与设计模型基本一致,侧面比顶面稍显粗糙。2)与单类型结构相比,融合TPMS结构支架表现出较好的抗压强度与应力分布。其中,当融合系数K=4时,P与G结构融合支架支架的力学性能最优,抗压强度为71.72 MPa,最大应力与平均应力分别为141.90和13.214 MPa;3)融合结构的渗透性均弱于单类型结构,且不同融合系数K值的结构支架渗透性也不同,结合数值模拟与实验数据,当融合系数K=1、2时,P与G结构、P与D结构融合支架渗透性表现较好。综上,当融合系数K=1时,P与G结构融合支架同时具备较优的力学性能和渗透性,适合作为人体骨支架结构类型。

基于狄拉克符号的异构模型集成方法

针对数字工程中异构模型集成仿真的问题,提出了一种基于狄拉克符号的系统建模方法。该方法可以屏蔽子系统的建模逻辑和模型实现差异,描述全系统的集成模型和动力学演化。利用类TNEA中间件提供的状态定义和方法调用机制,可以将异构模型映射为具有相同建模逻辑和软件接口的对象模型,构成数字主线,开展虚实融合系统集成试验。该方法可以支撑航天“簇”演进模式下的新技术快速插入、新系统原位替代和新状态快速验证,并针对数字航天开展全要素虚实融合试验,在虚拟环境中摸边探底,验证核心指标。

多传感器融合的火灾监测机器人设计

针对目前火灾报警系统不能应用在城市中非密闭空间的问题,提出一种适用于非密闭空间的多传感器融合的火灾监测机器人。该机器人采用履带式结构适应多地形移动,根据城市内非密闭下空间火势初期主要特征参数确定采集模块的搭建;利用D-S证据理论对多传感器火灾数据进行融合检测,以降低单个传感器的误报率,来提高对非密闭空间火灾事故的精确判定,并对火灾进行现场警报与远程回传。实验表明,与单一传感器判断相比,引入D-S证据理论的火灾监测机器人的火灾检测不确定性下降,检测精度得到了提高。