Traditional fluid production profile logging is not usually suitable for heavy-viscous crude oil wells.Biodegradation of heavy oil can lead to the loss of n-alkanes,and the use of chromatogram fingerprint techniques i...Traditional fluid production profile logging is not usually suitable for heavy-viscous crude oil wells.Biodegradation of heavy oil can lead to the loss of n-alkanes,and the use of chromatogram fingerprint techniques in studying the production contributions of single layers in heavy oil commingled wells has limitations.However,aromatic compounds are relatively well preserved.We took the heavy oil commingled wells of small layers NG55 and NG61 in the ninth area of the Gudong oil field as examples.Based on the principle of chromatography,the whole-oil GC-MS was used,and the aromatic parameters which have a strongly linear relationship with the ratio of mixed two end member oils were verified and selected in laboratory.Studies showed that the ratio of （1,4,6-＋ 2,3,6-trimethylnaphthalene） to 1,2,5-trimethylnaphthalene has a strongly linear relationship with the ratio of the mixed two end member oils （R2=0.992）.The oil contributions from single layers NG55 and NG61 in six commingled heavy oil wells were calculated using established charts and this relationship.The calculated results are consistent with the results of long period dynamic monitoring and logging interpretation in the study area and can provide a scientific basis for monitoring production performance and hierarchical management of reservoirs.The study provides a new geochemical method for calculation of the contributions of single layers in heavy oil commingled wells when conventional fluid production profile logging is not suitable.展开更多
To improve the durability of underwater rotating products,the corrosion characteristics in harsh marine environment were evaluated through various electrochemical experiments on the Al2O3-3TiO2 and CoNiCrAlY coating l...To improve the durability of underwater rotating products,the corrosion characteristics in harsh marine environment were evaluated through various electrochemical experiments on the Al2O3-3TiO2 and CoNiCrAlY coating layers by atmospheric pressure plasma spray coating process.By evaluating the corrosion resistance of these materials,their applicability to environmentally friendly power generation equipment such as blades of tidal current turbines was examined.According to the Tafel analysis for micro-areas including the coating layer,the coating/metal interlayer and the base metal,the Al2O3-3TiO2 coating layer and the CoNiCrAlY coating layer show markedly lower corrosion current density than the base metal.The corrosion current density of the CoNiCrAlY coating layer (9.75316×10-8A/cm2) is about 1.6 times more than that of the Al2O3-3TiO2 coating layer (6.13139×10-8A/cm2).展开更多
基金supported by the Gudong Oil Production Plant of Shengli Oilfield Subsidiary Company,China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Project 2013M530681)Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation(Project 2013CFB394)
文摘Traditional fluid production profile logging is not usually suitable for heavy-viscous crude oil wells.Biodegradation of heavy oil can lead to the loss of n-alkanes,and the use of chromatogram fingerprint techniques in studying the production contributions of single layers in heavy oil commingled wells has limitations.However,aromatic compounds are relatively well preserved.We took the heavy oil commingled wells of small layers NG55 and NG61 in the ninth area of the Gudong oil field as examples.Based on the principle of chromatography,the whole-oil GC-MS was used,and the aromatic parameters which have a strongly linear relationship with the ratio of mixed two end member oils were verified and selected in laboratory.Studies showed that the ratio of （1,4,6-＋ 2,3,6-trimethylnaphthalene） to 1,2,5-trimethylnaphthalene has a strongly linear relationship with the ratio of the mixed two end member oils （R2=0.992）.The oil contributions from single layers NG55 and NG61 in six commingled heavy oil wells were calculated using established charts and this relationship.The calculated results are consistent with the results of long period dynamic monitoring and logging interpretation in the study area and can provide a scientific basis for monitoring production performance and hierarchical management of reservoirs.The study provides a new geochemical method for calculation of the contributions of single layers in heavy oil commingled wells when conventional fluid production profile logging is not suitable.
基金Project supported by the Ministry of Education,Science Technology(MEST)Korea Industrial Technology Foundation(KOTEF)through the Human Resource Training Project for Regional Innovation
文摘To improve the durability of underwater rotating products,the corrosion characteristics in harsh marine environment were evaluated through various electrochemical experiments on the Al2O3-3TiO2 and CoNiCrAlY coating layers by atmospheric pressure plasma spray coating process.By evaluating the corrosion resistance of these materials,their applicability to environmentally friendly power generation equipment such as blades of tidal current turbines was examined.According to the Tafel analysis for micro-areas including the coating layer,the coating/metal interlayer and the base metal,the Al2O3-3TiO2 coating layer and the CoNiCrAlY coating layer show markedly lower corrosion current density than the base metal.The corrosion current density of the CoNiCrAlY coating layer (9.75316×10-8A/cm2) is about 1.6 times more than that of the Al2O3-3TiO2 coating layer (6.13139×10-8A/cm2).
文摘以磷钨酸为钨源,单层氧化石墨烯(GO)为载体,引入碳纳米管(CNTs),通过一步水热法和在空气中煅烧制备了纳米异质结(WO_(3)-r GO-CNTs)。通过FTIR、XRD、XPS、TG、SEM、EDS、TEM和BET对其进行了表征,利用线性伏安法和循环伏安法对其进行了电催化析氢(HER)反应测试。结果表明,WO_(3)晶体粒子均匀、有序地分布在单层GO和CNTs的表面上。WO_(3)-r GO-CNTs在酸性电解质中表现出优异的HER催化活性。当电流密度为10 m A/cm^(2)时,其过电势为218 m V,Tafel斜率为130.5 mV/dec。当过电势为–0.5 V vs.可逆氢电极(RHE)时,其阻抗为8.2Ω。同时,WO_(3)-r GO-CNTs可以在218m V(电流密度为10m A/cm^(2))过电势下,保持50 h的稳定性和耐久性,其双层电容为1.20 mF/cm^(2)。WO_(3)晶体与GO和CNTs间异质结结构的存在产生了协同效应:GO为WO_(3)晶体提供了广阔的金属反应活性位点,而CNTs则提供了利于电子传输的活性轨道。
