Leaching of the residue from the dry off-gas de-dusting and desulfurization process of an iron ore sinter plant

The residue from a second-stage dry sinter plant off-gas cleaning process contains both the fine dust from the sinter plant and the sorbent used. Recycling of the material that is usually handled by landfills to the sinter plant feed is not possible because of its chloride con- tent. Leaching of the chlorides allow the recycling of remaining solids. The saline leachate produced contains some heavy metals and must be treated before it is discharged into the sea. In laboratory experiments, leaching tests with the subsequent treatment of the leachate were con- ducted. After the process was optimized, all heavy-metal concentrations were below the permissible values. The optimum treatment condi- tions for heavy-metal precipitation were observed to be the filtration of the suspended solids followed by the dosing of liquid with lime milk （pH 10） and the subsequent precipitation using sodium sulfide.

Behavior of calcium silicate in leaching process

Based on the thermodynamic calculation, the mole ratio of CaO to SiO 2, temperature and A/S of bauxite have a profound influence on the mole ratio of 2CaO·SiO 2 to CaO·SiO 2 in sinter. CaO·SiO 2 and β -2CaO·SiO 2 appear stable in caustic solution but unstable in soda solution, and CaO·SiO 2 is more stable than β -2CaO·SiO 2 under the same leaching condition. Compared with the conventional sinter, the rate of alumina extraction of the new sinter is large and the secondary reaction is restricted in the leaching, which might be mainly due to the more content of CaO·SiO 2 in sinter and better stability of CaO·SiO 2 in leaching.

烧结-溶出法从废催化剂中回收铂

采用烧结-溶出法溶解废催化剂中氧化铝基体,使铂富集,进而从不溶渣中回收铂。研究结果表明:废催化剂于600℃焙烧1 h,炭残余量为0.54%,脱炭率达到92.66%;烧渣按配料分子比1.2配料,800℃烧结反应2 h,熟料于95℃热水溶出10 min,一次烧结-溶出,渣率为5.04%,氧化铝溶出率为98.10%,氧化钠溶出率为99.25%,铂富集了17.87倍。

氧化钠对CaO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)三元系铝酸钙形成规律的影响(英文)

利用XRD、SEMEDS和DSCTG技术研究了添加Na2O的CaO-Al2O3-SiO2体系中铝酸钙的形成规律。结果表明,当Al2O3与SiO2的质量比为3.0、CaO与Al2O3的摩尔比为1.0时,在1350°C烧结后的熟料主要由12CaO·7Al2O3、2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2和2CaO·SiO2组成。熟料中12CaO·7Al2O3的含量随着Na2O的增加而增加,2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2的含量随着Na2O的增加而降低。Na2O在12CaO·7Al2O3中形成固溶体,增加了其单位晶胞体积。DSC分析表明,Na2O不仅促进了12CaO·7Al2O3的形成,而且使C12A7的形成温度降低了30°C。烧结熟料中的氧化铝溶出性能随着Na2O的增加而大幅度提高。

钢铁含铊高盐固废/废水协同水洗技术研究

钢铁烧结工序会产生大量烧结机头灰和脱硫废水,盐含量高,且含有剧毒重金属铊,其消纳问题成为制约钢铁行业可持续发展的关键问题之一。提出含铊高盐固废与高盐废水协同处置的思路。结果表明,当利用1/4浓度活性炭法脱硫废水用于洗灰时,洗灰水中铊含量低于5 mg/L,且钙、镁的溶出量也有所降低。重点研究了活性炭法脱硫废水中各组分对烧结机头灰水洗过程铊溶出行为的影响,发现水洗过程SO_(3)^(2-)的存在及适宜的pH对铊的溶出有明显抑制作用。

表面多孔Ti-Nb-Zr-CPP生物材料的制备及其微观组织的研究

利用机械合金化和等离子烧结工艺制备了Ti-Nb-Zr-CPP(焦磷酸钙)复合材料,并将其进行溶液浸出而获得了表面多孔的生物材料。对烧结体进行了物相及表面区域成分的分析,并对浸出材料进行了形貌、相对密度、硬度、孔洞尺寸及孔洞率的分析。结果表明,采用Ti-35%Nb-7%Zr-10%CPP的成分配比及40%H3PO4+60%H2O的浸出液可制备出与人体骨骼表面相近的多孔生物材料。

江西锂云母-石灰石烧结工艺的改进研究

采用锂云母、石灰石、石灰为原料，ＬｉＯＨ结晶母液为添加剂，进行了提锂烧结工艺研究。初步结果表明：烧结温度为７５０～８５０℃时，Ｌｉ２Ｏ的溶出率可达９１％左右；与原有的锂云母石灰石烧结工艺相比，烧结温度可降低１５０℃左右。

P含量对CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2体系在高温烧结过程中矿相转变的影响（英文）

采用XRF、XRD、SEM-EDS和DSC-TG等技术手段研究不同P含量下铝酸钙熟料在高温烧结过程中的矿相转变、显微组织、自粉性能及其氧化铝浸出性能。1350°C下烧结熟料主要由12CaO·7Al_2O_3、Ca O·Al_2O_3、β-2CaO·SiO_2和γ-2CaO·SiO_2等矿相组成;随着P含量的增加,β-2CaO·SiO_2含量逐渐升高,而γ-2CaO·SiO_2含量逐渐降低。熟料的自粉性能随着P含量的增加逐渐恶化。P在熟料中均匀分布,其存在抑制β-2CaO·SiO_2向γ-2CaO·SiO_2的转变。12Ca O·7Al_2O_3和CaO·Al_2O_3的晶胞体积随着P含量的增加分别降低和提高,且P能降低铝酸钙化合物的形成温度。铝酸钙熟料的氧化铝浸出率随着P含量的增加明显降低,当P含量从0提高到0.85%时,氧化铝浸出率从95.01%降低到83.84%。

Properties and Microstructure Evolution of Al_2O_3-Si Material Fired in Different Atmospheres

A1203-Si composite specimens were prepared using fused corundum, ultra-fine α-A1203 and Si powder as starting materials and resin as binder. Effects of sintering atmospheres on properties, phase composition and microstructure of specimens after firing at 1 500 ℃ were investigated. The results show that： （ 1 ） after .firing in oxidizing or weak oxidizing atmosphere, there is some Si in the specimens and some glass phases containing mullite form on specimen surface, the density and strength at room temperature are relatively high, but hot modulus of rupture and thermal shock resistance are relatively poor; （2） after firing in, weak reducing or reducing atmosphere, Si reacts completely with CO or N2forming whisk-phere, Si reacts completely with CO or N2forming whisk-er-like SiC, granular Si2N20 or 0＇-SiAION, and the er-like SiC, granular Si2N20 or O＇-SiMON, and the thermo-mechanical properties of specimens are enhanced;（3） after firing in nitrogen atmosphere, Si reacts completely with N2, CO or G forming wbisker-like SiC and columnar β-SiA10N crystals, the hot modulus of rupture and thermal shock resistance of specimens are enhanced noticeably.

Application Research of Dense Sintered Alumina in Iron Runner Castables

Three different kinds of corundum aggregates-tabular sintered alumina, dense sintered alumina, and fused dense corundum-were introduced into the silica fume .free or silica fume containing Al2O3 -SiC - C iron runner castables to investigate their influences on the flow ability, linear change on heating, bulk density, apparent porosity, cold strength, hot modulus of rupture, therm, al shock resistance, slag resistance, oxidation resistance as well as wear resistance of Al2O3 - SiC - C iron runner castables. The results show that （ 1 ） compared with the specimens with fused dense corundum, the specimens with dense sintered alumina have equivalent installation property, slag resistance and oxidation resistance, equivalent or even higher cold modulus of rupture, cold crushing strength and hot modulus of rupture, exhibiting better thermal shock resistance and cold wear resistance ; （2） adopting bimodal alumina micropowder LISAL22RABL as well as water reducers ZX2 and ZD2 can well reduce the water requirement of silica fume free castables, solving the problem of deteriorated flow ability resulted from the lack of silica fume; since the lack of silica fume avoids the formation of low melting point liquid, the hot modulus of rupture and the thermal shock resistance of the silica fume free castables are both better than those of the silica fume containing castables ; （3） the density of the castable specimens with dense sintered alumina is 4% -6% lower than that of the castable specimens with Jhsed dense corundum so the refractories consumption of one iron runner reduces by 5% by using the tastable with dense sintered alumina, which obviously reduces the cost of refractories.

Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution of Poly (1,1,2,2- Tetrahy-droperfluorodecyl Acrylate)

Poly(1,1,2,2- tetrahydroperfluorodecyl acrylate) (poly (TA-N)) was synthesized in laboratory. The resulting morphology of rapid expansion of supercritical solution (RESS) sprays of poly(TA - N) was investigated. At apre - expansion temperature of 45℃), amorphous polymer was formed. At temperature around 60 ℃ to 80 ℃ , fibers were formed. Increase of temperature increasesparticle size slightly. At temperature of 105℃ , most of particles are spheres. The RESS is an attractive process. To apply the polymers desired for coating applications in an organic solvent - free process that is economically viable , and it will have implications for pollution prevention during polymer film

Subsolidus Conceptual Design of CaO-AI_2O_3-TiO_2-SiO_2 System and Its Significance for Manufacturing Advanced Ceramics

The article deals the structure of the CaO -Al2O3 - TiO2 -SiO2 system as a basis for obtaining advanced ce- ramics with a complex of high-operational characteris- tics. As a result o[＇investigations the phase charctcteristics are represented trod the graph of the relationship of the elementaory tetrahedra has been plotted. The most techno- logical system area ,for the production of heat resistant advanced ceramics has been determined. The batches for producing heat and chemical resistant dense advanced ceramics made of natural, technical and technogenic raw materials have been developed.

PRODUCTION OF ULTRA-FINEα-AL_2O_3 PO WDERSFROM AMMONIUM A LUMINUM CARBONATE HY DROXIDE

Synthesis of a m m oniu m alu min u m carbonate hydroxide ( A A C H) w as investigated usinga m m oniu m alu min u m sulfate and a m moniu m hydro carbonate as the starting m aterials . Itw as found that A A C Hcan be synthesized by adding a m m oniu m alu m inu m sulfate solution torapidly stirred a m moniu m hydro - carbonate solution at a tem perature of 30 ℃. A A C Hcantransfor m to α Al2 O3 co m pletely by calcining at 1100 ℃ for 1 hour , and the obtained po w ders , with a particle size of 100 n m , can be sintered to 98 99 % relative density at 1500 ℃for 2 hours .

轻度重金属污染土壤建材资源化及其环境影响

我国的土壤环境状况不容乐观,土壤重金属污染问题尤为严重。基于循环经济理念,本文简述了几种重金属污染土壤的建材资源化途径,如烧结砖、烧结陶粒和轻骨料。为了探讨轻度重金属污染土壤建材资源化及其环境影响,笔者以江西省赣州市某重金属污染土壤为研究对象,研究最佳掺混比例下重金属在烧结过程中的迁移情况。结果显示,以30%轻度重金属污染土壤配70%页岩制作砖坯,生产的烧结砖对砷、铬、铅的固化率分别为22%、100%、61%,排放烟气中重金属污染物满足相关标准。烧结砖满足《烧结多孔砖和多孔砌块》(GB/T 13544-2011)的相关产品要求,其浸出重金属浓度显著低于标准限值。

烧结锰矿酸浸试验

针对某烧结锰矿,主要研究有机酸和无机酸快速回收其中的各种元素。探讨在常温下乙酸、草酸、柠檬酸、盐酸、硫酸对Mn、Si、Ca、Mg、Fe的浸出效果。试验发现5 g锰矿、液固比50 mL g、2.50 mol L草酸投加10 mL的浸出效果最佳,Mn、Si、Mg浸出率分别为52.01%、66.53%和77.84%,原因是草酸酸性较强且对各元素具有络合作用。为提高Si的浸出率以获得可溶性硅,5 g锰矿在250 mL的0.50 mol L草酸溶液中反应1 h,上清液中添加碳酸氢铵可获得固体可溶性硅,该可溶性硅的有效硅含量为61.86%,该结果可为制硅工艺提供有效参考。最后对各酸与各元素之间的吸附能和电子转移量进行了计算模拟。

Controlled sintering for cadmium stabilization by beneficially using the dredged river sediment

Cd-bearing solid wastes are considered to be a serious threat to the environment,and effective strategies for their treatment are urgently needed.Ceramic sintering has been considered as a promising method for efficiently incorporating heavy metal-containing solid wastes into various ceramic products.Mineral-rich dredged river sediment,especially Al and Si-containing oxides,can be treated as alternative ceramic precursors rather than being disposed of as solid wastes.To examine the feasibility of using waste sediment for Cd stabilization and the phase transition mechanisms,this study conducted a sintering scheme for the mixtures of CdO and dredged river sediment with different(Al+Si):Cd mole ratios.Detailed investigations have been performed on phases transformation,Cd incorporation mechanisms,elemental distribution,and leaching behaviors of the sintered products.Results showed that Cd incorporation and transformation in the sintered products were influenced by the mole ratio of(Al+Si):Cd.Among the high-Cd series((Al+Si):Cd=6:1),CdSiO_(3),Cd_(2)SiO_(4),CdAl_(2)(SiO_(4))_(2) and Cd_(2)Al_(2)Si_(2)O_(9) were predominant Cd-containing product phases,while Cd2Al2Si2O9 was replaced by CdAl_(4)O_(7) when the mole ratio of(Al+Si):Cd was 12:1(low-Cd series).Cd was efficiently stabilized in both reaction series after being sintered at≥900℃,with<5%leached ratio even after a prolonged leaching time,indicating excellent long-term Cd stabilization.This study demonstrated that both Cd-containing phases and the amorphous Al-/Si-containing matrices all played critical roles in Cd stabilization.A promising strategy can be proposed to simultaneously reuse the solid waste as ceramic precursors and stabilize heavy metals in the ceramic products.

电镀污泥烧结体浸出毒性及其掺合料物理性能

将电镀污泥与页岩、石灰石粉、煤粉配伍,在1000~1100℃高温烧结6~7h,形成电镀污泥烧结体。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测试烧结体及其浸出液中的重金属,研究烧结体浸出毒性。将烧结体粉磨至不同细度制备烧结体基掺合料,进行水泥胶砂流动度、活性指数等测试。等量取代水泥制备混凝土,开展坍落度与抗压强度测试。结果表明,高温烧结可以还原、固化电镀污泥中的重金属,烧结体浸出液中的重金属浓度低于GB 5085.3-2007限值。细度45μm筛余10%时,烧结体基掺合料流动度比96%,28d活性指数71%。掺量20%~30%,烧结体基掺合料可制备C35~C40混凝土,60min后坍落度200mm以上,扩展度损失低于55mm。

Reaction mechanism of fluoride conversion into BF^(4-) during sulphuric acid leaching of roasted bastnaesite

The bastnaesite used in hydrometallurgy usually contains 7%-11% fluorine,and the conversion of fluorine into high-value products is the key to achieving green production of rare earths and improving the comprehensive utilization of bastnaesite.In order to recover fluorine from bastnaesite in the form of KBF4,the mechanism of F^(-)conversion to BF^(4-)in sulphuric acid leaching solution of roasted bastnaesite was studied by using Eh-pH diagram and simulation experiment.It shows that the formation of BF^(4-)is affected by pH in the absence of rare earths.BF^(4-)is hydrolyzed to BF3 OH-and F-when the pH is greater than 3.9,and part of F-exists as HF^(2-)when pH is lower than 2.In the presence of La^(3+),the formation of BF^(4-)is mainly affected by LaF_(3) when pH is greater than 0,and in the case that the pH is lower than 2,it is mainly affected by HF^(2-).When Ce4+is present in solution,CeF_(2)^(2+) can exist stably in sulphuric acid solution.Bringing down the pH can reduce the stability of CeF_(2)^(2+) and increase the BF^(4-)conversion rate.Based on these results,KBF4 was prepared in the alkaline solution of bastnaesite,and the conversion of BF^(4-)is 84.31%.This provides a theoretical basis for the recovery of fluorine from bastnaesite in the form of KBF_(4).

从粉煤灰中提取氧化铝熟料溶出过程工艺研究

对粉煤灰和石灰石烧成的熟料在碳酸钠溶液中的溶出过程进行研究,探讨碳酸钠用量、溶出温度、溶出时间及液固比等工艺条件对熟料溶出中Al2O3和SiO2溶出效果的影响。研究结果表明:在碳酸钠用量约为理论量的1.0倍,溶出温度为50～60℃,保温时间为40～60 min,液固比为3～4的条件下,熟料中Al2O3的溶出率大于82%,溶出液中Al2O3质量浓度约为36 g/L,溶液的硅量指数铝、硅质量比大于46;溶出产生的钙硅渣成分及其质量分数为:Al2O3 2.60%,SiO2 24.31%,CaO 58.40%,Fe2O3 1.79%,TiO2。0.49%,Na2O 0.53%;熟料的主要物相为γ-2CaO.SiO2和CaCO3。

燃煤电厂粉煤灰提取氧化铝研究

采用烧结法提取粉煤灰中氧化铝,考察了烧结剂种类、烧结剂协同作用、烧结剂用量、烧结温度及烧结时间等因素对粉煤灰烧结熟料中氧化铝溶出率的影响.试验结果表明:与碳酸钠和氧化钙相比,在较低温度下氢氧化钠能溶出粉煤灰中绝大部分氧化铝;适量的氧化钙能促进氢氧化钠溶出粉煤灰中的氧化铝;氢氧化钠和氧化钙的混合物与粉煤灰进行烧结,烧结效果更好;碱比、钙比、烧结温度和烧结时间等因素对粉煤灰烧结过程影响比较大;通过正交试验得知各因素对粉煤灰烧结熟料中氧化铝溶出率的影响从大到小的顺序为钙比、烧结时间、碱比、烧结温度;当碱比为2∶1、钙比为0.5∶1.0、烧结温度为700℃、烧结时间为30 min时,粉煤灰中氧化铝溶出率达到76.20%.