Experiment on inducing apoptosis of melanoma cells by micro-plasma jet

As a promising cancer treatment method,cold atmospheric plasma has received widespread attention in recent years.However,previous research has focused more on how to realize and expand the anti-cancer scope of plasma jet.There are also studies on the killing of small-scale cancer cells,but the effects of plasma jet on normal cells and normal cell clusters have been ignored.Therefore,we proposed a 50μm sized micro-plasma jet device,and used the device to treat melanoma cells(A-375)and human glial cells(HA1800)to evaluate their anti-cancer effects and effects on normal cells.The experimental results show that this kind of micro-plasma jet device can effectively inactivate cancer cells in a short period of time,while having little effect on normal cells.This work provides a certain experimental basis for the application offine plasma jet to clinically inactivate cancer cells.

Bortezomib-Induced Bilateral Eye Swelling and Cutaneous Adverse Reaction in a Patient with Plasma Cell Leukemia—A Case Report

Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, is an established therapy against plasma cell leukemia—a variant of plasma cell dyscrasias. Its most frequent side effects have been listed as peripheral neuropathy, neuropathic pain, thrombocytopenia, and gastrointestinal problems. Allergic skin reaction is a rarely documented side effect in patients receiving bortezomib-based chemotherapy. A combination therapy consisting of intravenous bortezomib, oral Revlimid tablets, and oral dexamethasone tablets has been prescribed for the patient after his recent diagnosis of plasma cell leukemia. While receiving his third treatment cycle, he developed an allergic reaction (skin rash) involving the neck, and wrists, and mild bilateral eye swelling. The infusion was stopped immediately and then ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution and oral diphenhydramine 25 mg were prescribed to the patient with significant improvement in his clinical condition. He was temporarily taken off bortezomib. At a follow-up visit a week later, a significant improvement was noticed in his condition. Rash had reduced on neck and wrists, and eye swelling had reduced as well. As of the time of writing this case report, he has been temporarily taken off bortezomib, but other medications in the treatment regimen were continued as prescribed.

Evaluating the Effects on Ultrasound and on Magnetic Resonance for Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment by Platelet Rich Plasma Therapy in Combination with Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Autologous Adipose Tissue

Aim: To evaluate the effects based the changes on ultrasound and on magnetic resonance for knee osteoarthritis treatment by platelet-rich plasma therapy in combination with mesenchymal stem cell from autologous adipose tissue. Objects and Methods: 30 patients, 26 females, 4 males, mean age 58.63 ± 11.11, mean disease duration 5.3 ± 4.6 years, respectively 60 knee joints were diagnosed with osteoarthritis at stage II - III according to the Kellgren and Lawrence classifications. After ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the first time, all patients were injected with platelet-rich plasma combined with mesenchymal stem cells from autologous adipose tissue into both knee joints. Results: After treatment 12 months by platelet-rich plasma injection combined with mesenchymal stem cells from autologous adipose tissue: The thickness of articular cartilage on ultrasound increased significantly from 2.08 ± 0.36 mm to 2.48 ± 0.36 mm with p Conclusion: The treatment of knee osteoarthritis by platelet-rich plasma combined with mesenchymal stem cells from autologous adipose tissue was effective in improving cartilage thickness on ultrasound and magnetic resonance, thereby improving the motor function of the knee joint.

From Myeloma to Plasma Cell Leukemia, Persistent Inequalities

Multiple myeloma (MM) is both a complex and heterogeneous disease. Cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities lead to resistance to treatment and transformation to plasma cell leukemia, which is defined by the presence in circulating blood of plasma cells over 2 G/L, or more than 20% of leukocytes. It is an uncommon hematological malignancy with a poor prognosis. Against this backdrop, we report an observation of multiple myeloma transformed into plasma cell leukemia diagnosed at the Hôpital Principal de Dakar (HPD) that occurred on a 64-year-old man with a history of thyroidectomy followed for multiple myeloma presenting with Salmon et Durie stage IIIA and ISS stage I. Despite a marked improvement in management strategy, myeloma remains an almost invariably incurable disease. However, the development of genetic and molecular biomarkers is necessary to improve its prognosis.

Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Image Changes of Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy in Combination with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Autologous Adipose Tissue for Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy based on clinical symptom and on magnetic resonance image of platelet-rich plasma therapy in combination with mesenchymal stem cells from autologous adipose tissue for knee osteoarthritis treatment. Patients and Method: 30 patients including 26 females and 4 males;correspondingly, 60 knee joints were diagnosed with osteoarthritis with stages II - III of Kellgren and Lawrence, their mean age was 58.63 ± 11.11. All were injected with autologous platelet-rich plasma that was extracted by PRP set, APC 30 PRP PRCEDURE PRAK and autologously extracted mesenchymal stem cells from abdominal adipose tissue using the ADI-25-01 ADIPOSEPRCEDURE PRAK of USA. Results: After 12 months: the pain level according to VAS score at the right knee joint was decreased from 6.0 ± 1.28 before treatment to 1.9 ± 0.3;VAS score at the left knee joint was decreased from 6.43 ± 1.19 to 2.25 ± 0.43. Total Lequene score at right knee joint was decreased from 16.04 ± 1.57 before treatment to 4.31 ± 1.04, at left knee joint was decreased from 17.52 ± 1.74 before treatment to 5.15 ± 1.48. Total WOMAC score at right knee joint was decreased from 55.93 ± 5.56 to 10.37 ± 1.56;at left knee joint was decreased from 53.97 ± 5.57 to 10.07 ± 1.59. There were 86.77% joints with cartilage thickness change and the patellar cartilage thickness was increased from 1.56 ± 0.09 mm before treatment to 1.65 ± 0.09 mm. Conclusion: The treatment of knee osteoarthritis by platelet-rich plasma therapyin combination with mesenchymal stem cells from autologous adipose tissue is effective in reducing pain, improving patient's mobility and walking function, reforming articular cartilage thickness on magnetic resonance image.

Refractory gastric ulcer with abundant IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration: A case report

We describe a 77-year-old man with refractory gastric ulcer that worsened after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy.Pathology showed marked infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in the gastric lesions,which led us to suspect IgG4-related sclerosing disease.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report of IgG4-related gastric ulcer without the main manifestation of autoimmune pancreatitis.

Estimating biomass of phytoplankton in the Jiaozhou Bay I. Phytoplankton biomass estimated from cell volume and plasma volume

Based on the data of the Jiaozhou Bay Ecosystem Dynamic Research, cell volume and sur face area of 87 common phytoplankton species in China sea waters were calculated with assignment of the similar geometric form. The cell plasma volume, live weight, Carbon content and nitrogen content were also calculated with the methods of Mullin et al. (1966), Strathmann (1967), Eppley et al. (1970), and Taguchi (1976). After comparing these methods, we chase the method of Eppley et al. (1970) as the hot method for calculating phytoplankton carbon content in China sea waters.

Platelet-rich plasma gel in combination with Schwann cells for repair of sciatic nerve injury

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from New Zealand white rabbits, culture-expanded and differentiated into Schwann cell-like cells. Autologous platelet-dch plasma and Schwann cell-like cells were mixed in suspension at a density of 1 x 106 cells/mL, prior to introduction into a poly （lactic-co-glycolic acid） conduit. Fabricated tissue-engineered nerves were implanted into rabbits to bridge 10 mm sciatic nerve defects （platelet-rich plasma group）. Controls were established using fibrin as the seeding matrix for Schwann cell-like cells at identical density to construct tissue-engineered nerves （fibrin group）. Twelve weeks after implantation, toluidine blue staining and scanning electron microscopy were used to demonstrate an increase in the number of regenerating nerve fibers and thickness of the myelin sheath in the platelet-rich plasma group compared with the fibrin group. Fluoro-gold retrograde labeling revealed that the number of Fluoro-gold-positive neurons in the dorsal root ganglion and the spinal cord anterior horn was greater in the platelet-rich plasma group than in the fibrin group. Electrophysiological examination confirmed that compound muscle action potential and nerve conduction velocity were superior in the platelet-rich plasma group compared with the fibrin group. These results indicate that autologous platelet-rich plasma gel can effectively serve as a seeding matrix for Schwann cell-like cells to construct tissue-engineered nerves to promote perJpheral nerve regeneration.

Application of platelet-rich plasma with stem cells in bone and periodontal tissue engineering

Presently, there is a high paucity of bone grafts in the United States and worldwide. Regenerating bone is of prime concern due to the current demand of bone grafts and the increasing number of diseases causing bone loss. Autogenous bone is the present gold standard of bone regeneration. However, disadvantages like donor site morbidity and its decreased availability limit its use. Even allografts and synthetic grafting materials have their own limitations. As certain specific stem cells can be directed to differentiate into an osteoblastic lineage in the presence of growth factors(GFs), it makes stem cells the ideal agents for bone regeneration.Furthermore, platelet-rich plasma(PRP), which can be easily isolated from whole blood, is often used for bone regeneration, wound healing and bone defect repair. When stem cells are combined with PRP in the presence of GFs, they are able to promote osteogenesis. This review provides in-depth knowledge regarding the use of stem cells and PRP in vitro, in vivo and their application in clinical studies in the future.

Recurrent hepatitis C virus after transplant and the importance of plasma cells on biopsy

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) is the leading indication for liver transplantation in the United States.It recurs universally after transplant but the rate of fibrosis and the development of graft failure is variable.Different donor and recipient features have been demonstrated to impact fibrosis.Plasma cell hepatitis,a histologic finding,is one feature associated with poor graft and patient outcomes.The pathogenic mechanism resulting in plasma cell hepatitis is poorly understood,with evidence suggesting a role for both the HCV and the immune system.A recent publication described plasma cell hepatitis in a larger context of immune medicated graft dysfunction in transplant recipients receiving interferon based therapy.This manuscript will highlight the topic of plasma cell hepatitis and provide commentary on the lack of recognition,the data regarding pathophysiologic mechanisms and the potential management options.

Platelet-rich plasma enhances adipose-derived stem cell-mediated angiogenesis in a mouse ischemic hindlimb model

AIM To evaluate the angiogenic effect of platelet-rich plasma(PRP)-preconditioned adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) both in vitro and in a mouse ischemic hindlimb model.METHODS ADSCs were divided based on culture medium: 2.5% PRP, 5% PRP, 7.5% PRP, and 10% PRP. Cell proliferation rate was analyzed using the MTS assay. The gene expression of CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia-inducible factors, and endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase was analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Cell markers and structural changes were assessed through immunofluorescence staining and the tube formation assay. Subsequently, we studied the in vivo angiogenic capabilities of ADSCs by a mouse ischemic hindlimb model.RESULTS The proliferation rate of ADSCs was higher in the 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% PRP groups. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor, CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor, and endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase in the 5% and 7.5% PRP groups increased. The 5%, 7.5%, and 10% PRP groups showed higher abilities to promote both CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor production and tubular structure formation in ADSCs. According to laser Doppler perfusion scan, the perfusion ratios of ischemic limb to normal limb were significantly higher in 5% PRP, 7.5% PRP, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells groups compared with the negative control and fetal bovine serum(FBS) groups(0.88 ± 0.08, 0.85 ± 0.07 and 0.81 ± 0.06 for 5%, 7.5% PRP and human umbilical vein endothelial cells compared with 0.42 ± 0.17 and 0.54 ± 0.14 for the negative control and FBS, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION PRP-preconditioned ADSCs presented endothelial cell characteristics in vitro and significantly improved neovascularization in ischemic hindlimbs. The optimal angiogenic effect occurred in 5% PRP-and 7.5% PRPpreconditioned ADSCs.

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome polyps infiltrated with IgG4-positive plasma cells

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome(CCS) is a rare but serious protein-losing enteropathy, but little is known about the mechanism. Further more, misdiagnosis is common due to non-familiarity of its clinical manifestation. A 40-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital because of diarrhea and hypogeusia associated with weight loss for 4 mo. On physical examination, skin pigmentation, dystrophic nail changes and alopecia were noted. He had no alike family history. Laboratory results revealed low levels of serum albumin(30.1 g/L, range: 35.0-55.0 g/L), serum potassium(2.61 mmol/L, range: 3.5-5.5 mmol/L) and blood glucose(2.6 mmol/L, range: 3.9-6.1 mmol/L). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was elevated to 17 mm/h(range: 0-15 mm/h). X-ray of chest and mandible was normal. The endoscopic examination showed multiple sessile polyps in the stomach, small bowel and colorectum. Histopathologic examination of biopsies obtained from those polyps showed hyperplastic change, cystic dilatation and distortion of glands with inflammatory infiltration, eosinophilic predominance and stromal edema. Immune staining for IgG 4 plasma cells was positive in polyps of stomach and colon. The patient was diagnosed of CCS and treated with steroid, he had a good response to steroid. Both histologic findings and treatment response to steroid suggested an autoimmune mechanism underling CCS.

The Effect of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Corona Discharge on pH, Lipid Content and DNA of Bacterial Cells

Effect of plasma corona discharges on the pH, whole cell lipids and DNA of bacteria is investigated. Results showed an increase in the acidity levels of water due to plasma reactive species which, however, were not responsible for bacterial cell death. No changes in the whole cell lipid contents were observed, while DNA after plasma treatment showed deterioration of the amplified sequences, indicating the possible occurrence of DNA degradation. In conclusion, reactive species produced by plasma discharges affects DNA, possibly contributing to cell death.

Cold atmospheric-pressure air plasma treatment of C6 glioma cells:effects of reactive oxygen species in the medium produced by the plasma on cell death

An atmospheric-pressure air plasma is employed to treat C6 glioma cells in vitro. To elucidate on the mechanism causing cell death and role of reactive species （RS） in the medium produced by the plasma, the concentration of the long-lived RS such as hydrogen peroxide, nitrate, and ozone in the plasma-treated liquid （phosphate-buffered saline solution） is measured. When vitamin C is added to the medium as a ROS quencher, the viability of C6 glioma cells after the plasma treatment is different from that without vitamin C. The results demonstrate that reactive oxygen species （ROS） such as H2O2, and O3 constitute the main factors for inactivation of C6 glioma cells and the reactive nitrogen species （RNS） may only play an auxiliary role in cell death.

Argon Plasma-Induced Graft Polymerization of PEGMA on Chitosan Membrane Surface for Cell Adhesion Improvement

For its biocompatibility and biodegradability, chitosan has had considerable atten- tion for biomedical applications in recent years. In this paper, polymerization of poly （ethylene glycol） methyl ether methacrylate （PEGMA） was grafted onto chitosan membrane surface through argon plasma-induced graft polymerization. The surface properties after modification were characterized by contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and atomic force microscopy （AFM）, respectively. The results indicated that PEGMA can be grafted successfully onto chitosan membrane surface. The surface hydrophilicity and free energy were improved and the surface roughness increased after modification. The adhesion of a human corneal epithelial cell （HCEC） on chitosan membrane surface was enhanced due to improvement of surface free energy and roughness.

The new proof of neuro-endocrine-immune network-expression of islet amyloid polypeptide in plasma cells in gastric mucosa of peptic ulcer patients

INTRODUCTION Peptic ulcer,as a common disease,seriouslyaffected people’s,work and life.Its occurrence,development and change have close relationshipwith the change of people’s moods.Animalexperiment proved that significant changes occurredin the endocrine system of the gastric ulcer rats.

The high deposition of microcrystalline silicon thin film by very high frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition and the fabrication of solar cells

This paper reports that the intrinsic microcrystalline silicon （μc-Si：H） films are prepared with plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition from silane/hydrogen mixtures at 200℃ with the aim to increase the deposition rate. An increase of the deposition rate to 0.88 nm/s is obtained by using a plasma excitation frequency of 75 MHz. This increase is obtained by the combination of a higher deposition pressure, an increased silane concentration, and higher discharge powers. In addition, the transient behaviour, which can decrease the film crystallinity, could be prevented by filling the background gas with H2 prior to plasma ignition, and selecting proper discharging time after silane flow injection. Material prepared under these conditions at a deposition rate of 0.78nm/s maintains higher crystallinity and fine electronic properties. By H-plasma treatment before i-layer deposition, single junction μc-Si：H solar cells with 5.5% efficiency are fabricated.

Realization of conformal doping on multicrystalline silicon solar cells and black silicon solar cells by plasma immersion ion implantation

Emitted multi-crystalline silicon and black silicon solar cells are conformal doped by ion implantation using the plasma immersion ion implantation （PⅢ） technique. The non-uniformity of emitter doping is lower than 5 %. The secondary ion mass spectrometer profile indicates that the PⅢ technique obtained 100-rim shallow emitter and the emitter depth could be impelled by furnace annealing to 220 nm and 330 nm at 850 ℃ with one and two hours, respectively. Furnace annealing at 850 ℃ could effectively electrically activate the dopants in the silicon. The efficiency of the black silicon solar cell is 14.84% higher than that of the mc-silicon solar cell due to more incident light being absorbed.

Platelet-rich plasma-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells versus autologous nerve grafting for sciatic nerve repair

Autologous nerve grafting is the gold standard of peripheral nerve repair.We previously showed that autologous platelet-rich plasma（PRP）contains high concentrations of growth factors and can induce in vitro cultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs）to differentiate into Schwann cells.Here we used PRP-induced BMSCs combined with chemically extracted acellular nerves to repair sciatic nerve defects and compared the effect with autologous nerve grafting.The BMSCs and chemically extracted acellular nerve promoted target muscle wet weight restoration,motor nerve conduction velocity,and axonal and myelin sheath regeneration,with similar effectiveness to autologous nerve grafting.This finding suggests that PRP induced BMSCs can be used to repair peripheral nerve defects.

Plasma cell leukemia-one in a million: A case report

BACKGROUND Plasma cell leukemia(PCL) is diagnosed by the presence of an absolute plasma cell count of > 2 × 109/L or 20% plasma cells in the peripheral blood. Because the incidence of PCL is relatively low, our case report study presents a rare opportunity to describe the clinical and pathological characteristics of this leukemia, as well as different modalities of treatment and outcomes of primary PCL(pPCL).CASE SUMMARY A 56-year-old male with a history of hypertension complained of pain in the left flank area which started four months prior to admission. On admission, his vital signs were stable, and physical examination was completely benign. Laboratory evaluation showed hemoglobin of 5.1 g/dL, white blood cell count of 6.6 cells per cubic millimeter with 16% atypical lymphocytes, and platelet count of 51000 per microliter. Peripheral smear showed more than 10%-15% of plasma cells(Figure1), and flow cytometry of peripheral blood confirmed PCL with 24% plasma cells CD138+. Bone marrow biopsy demonstrated 80% plasma cells(38+, 138+, 117+,10-, 19-, 20-, 56-) with 90% cellularity. The Oncology team was consulted, and VCD therapy was started. After completing therapy at 1, 4, 8, and 11 d, the patient was discharged home. The patient was being considered for a bone marrow transplant evaluation within two months of discharge.CONCLUSION PCL is a rare and aggressive form of leukemia with a poor prognosis. Multicenter studies and clinical trials should be conducted to develop accurate criteria for the initial diagnosis and prompt treatment of this disease.