Migration and population structure characteristics of the small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis in the southern Yellow Sea

Monthly fishery survey data of the small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis in the southern Yellow Sea from2003 and 2013 were employed to evaluate the variation in the resource distribution and biological characteristics（especially body length and sex ratio） in the population on a decadal scale.The results indicated that the small yellow croaker migrated from the Shawai fishing ground to the Dasha fishing ground in spring and was mainly distributed in the central and western parts of the Dasha fishing ground in April and May.Larimichthys polyactis in the Dasha fishing ground migrated eastward to offshore wintering grounds in autumn and reached the central Dasha fishing ground in October and November.The small yellow croaker entered the western waters of the Shawai fishing ground in winter.A large number of age 0＋ fish occurred in the Shawai and Jiangwai fishing grounds in October of 2003 and 2013.The body lengths of the spawning stock and wintering stock in 2013 were larger than those in 2003,and the monthly sex ratios（female to male） were significantly less than 1 in both years.The monthly distribution of this fish in the southern Yellow Sea was consistent with a previous finding that ＂the stock migrated between the wintering grounds in the west of Jeju Island and the Lüsi spawning grounds＂ but tended to move more northward,with the spawning grounds extending outward.In the past decade,body length variation experienced a decline after an increase,rather than a steady decrease.The sex ratio in the single-stick stow net showed a tendency to increase over the decade,but was either less than or more than 1 depending on the fishing gear;therefore,further studies should be conducted to determine the sex structure.

FATIGUE DAMAGE CALCULATED BY RATIO-METHOD TO METALLIC MATERIALS WITH SMALL CRACK UNDER UNSYMMETRIC CYCLIC LOADING

Based on the standpoint to take for the crack size also to be a damage variable like the damage variable, by means of the two-directions coordinate system, several new calculation equations on the small crack growth rate are suggested for describing the elastic-plastic behavior of some metallic materials. And the estimation formulas of life are also suggested relative to varied small crack size at each loading history, which is unsymmetric cyclic loading. In the calculation method, as a loaded stress-strain parameter to adopt the ratio with plastic strain range to elastic strain range, and as the material constants using the typical material parameters in damage calculation expression, a new concept of the compositive material constant, which has functional relation with the typical material constants, average stress, average strain, critical loading time is given out. In addition, the fatigue damage of a part of car is put up to calculate as an example, its calculation results are accordant with the Landgraf＇s equation, and calculation precision is more rigorous, so could avoid unnecessary fatigue tests and will be of practical significance on saving times, manpower and capitals, as well as the convenience for engineering applications.

Data processing of small samples based on grey distance information approach

Data processing of small samples is an important and valuable research problem in the electronic equipment test. Because it is difficult and complex to determine the probability distribution of small samples, it is difficult to use the traditional probability theory to process the samples and assess the degree of uncertainty. Using the grey relational theory and the norm theory, the grey distance information approach, which is based on the grey distance information quantity of a sample and the average grey distance information quantity of the samples, is proposed in this article. The definitions of the grey distance information quantity of a sample and the average grey distance information quantity of the samples, with their characteristics and algorithms, are introduced. The correlative problems, including the algorithm of estimated value, the standard deviation, and the acceptance and rejection criteria of the samples and estimated results, are also proposed. Moreover, the information whitening ratio is introduced to select the weight algorithm and to compare the different samples. Several examples are given to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach. The examples show that the proposed approach, which has no demand for the probability distribution of small samples, is feasible and effective.

Influence of filler-bitumen ratio on performance of modified asphalt mortar by additive

When the filler-bitumen ratio of asphalt mortar changes, its adhesion and viscoelasticity will also change, as well as its performance at the high and low temperatures, fatigue durability, and ductility. Thus, the appropriate fillerbitumen ratio directly affects the asphalt mortar＇s performance. This paper tested the physical indexes of the No. 70 matrix asphalt mortar modified by additive Sasobit （SB） and Sasowam （SW） through dynamic shear rheometer and bending beam rheometer under different temperature conditions, and comprehensively analyzed the high-temperature anti-rutting and fatigue performance, low-temperature crack resistance performance, and ductility of asphalt mortar. The results show that ore powder not only can increase the antirutting factor but also can increase the aging resistance of asphalt. SB has better performances than SW at high temperatures. As for the filler-bitumen ratio of asphalt mortar with additive SB, the recommended value is between 0.8 and 1.2, and the value may be a little larger for that with SW.

Graft-to-recipient weight ratio lower to 0.7% is safe without portal pressure modulation in right-lobe living donor liver transplantation with favorable conditions

BACKGROUND: The low graft-to-recipient weight ratio(GRWR) in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation(LDLT) is one of the major risk factors affecting graft survival. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether the lower limit of the GRWR can be safely reduced without portal pressure modulation in right-lobe LDLT. METHODS: From 2005 to 2011, 317 consecutive patients from a single institute underwent LDLT with right-lobe grafts without portal pressure modulation. Of these, 23 had a GRWR of less than 0.7%(group A), 27 had a GRWR of ≥0.7%, 【0.8%(group B), and 267 had a GRWR of more than and equal to 0.8%(group C). Medical records, including recipient, donor, operation factors, laboratory findings and complications were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: The baseline demographics showed low model for end-stage liver disease score(mean 16.3±8.9) and high percentage of hepatocellular carcinoma(231 patients, 72.9%). Three groups by GRWR demonstrated similar characteristics except recipient body mass index and donor gender. For smallforsize syndrome, there were 3(13.0%) in group A, 1(3.7%) in group B, and 2 patients(0.7%) in group C(P【0.001). Hepatic artery thrombosis was more frequently observed in group A than in groups B and C(8.7% vs 3.7% vs 1.9%, P=0.047). However, among the three groups, graft survival rates at 1 year(100% vs 96.3% vs 93.6%) and 3 years(91.7% vs 73.2% vs 88.1%) were not different(P=0.539). In laboratory measurements,there was no group difference in total bilirubin and albumin. However, prothrombin time was longer in group A within postoperative 1 week and platelet count was lower in groups A and B within postoperative 1 month. CONCLUSION: A GRWR lower to 0.7% is safe and does not need to modulate portal pressure in adult-to-adult LDLT using the right-lobe in favorable conditions including low model for end-stage liver disease score.

Harmonic stochastic resonance-enhanced signal detecting in NW small-world neural network

The harmonic stochastic resonance-enhanced signal detecting in Newman-Watts small-world neural network is studied using the Hodgkin-Huxley dynamical equation with noise. If the connection probability p, coupling strength gsyn and noise intensity D matches well, higher order resonance will be found and an optimal signal-to-noise ratio will be obtained. Then, the reasons are given to explain the mechanism of this appearance.

A High-performance Small Signal Amplifier

According to questions in the design of high quality small signal amplifier, this paper gave a new-type high performance small signal amplifier. The paper selected the operational amplifier of ICL Company and designed a new-type circuit with simple, low cost and excellent performance,

Outcomes of adult patients adopting small-for-size grafts in living donor liver transplantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Small-for-size graft(SFSG) has emerged as one of the very contentions in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation(LDLT) as a certain graft size is related to recipients’ prognosis. Graftto-recipient weight ratio(GRWR)≥0.8% was considered as a threshold to conduct LDLT. However, this also has been challenged over decades as a result of technique refinements. For a better understanding of SFSG in practice, we conducted this meta-analysis to compare the perioperative outcomes and long-term outcomes between patients adopting the grafts with a lower volume(GRWR < 0.8%, SFSG group) and sufficient volume(GRWR ≥ 0.8%, non-SFSG group) in adult-to-adult LDLT. Data sources: The studies comparing recipients adopting graft with a GRWR < 0.8% and ≥ 0.8% were searched by three authors independently in Pub Med, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases until September 2018 and data were analyzed by RevMan 5.3.5. Results: Sixteen studies with a total of 3272 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. In terms of small-for-size syndrome(SFSS), no significant difference was found in subjects enrolled after year 2010(before 2010, OR = 3.00, 95% CI: 1.69–5.35, P = 0.0002;after 2010, OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.79–1.90, P = 0.36;P for interaction: 0.02). There was no significant difference in operative duration, blood loss, cold ischemia time, biliary complications, acute rejection, postoperative bleeding, hospitalization time, perioperative mortality, and 1-, 3-and 5-year overall survival rates between two groups. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested that adopting SFSG in adult LDLT has comparable outcomes to those with non-SFSG counterparts since 2010.

Assessment of Sedimentation Impacts on Small Dams—A Case of Small Reservoirs in the Lotsane Catchment

Sedimentation is a major problem for agricultural dams in Botswana, as it reduces the storage capacity and life span of the reservoirs. The process of sedimentation starts from day one of the impounding of water in any given reservoir. Even though a provision is made for every reservoir during planning for a certain storage capacity, specifically for sediment deposition, called dead storage, a major portion of the sediment gets deposited for many years of the reservoir’s life in areas other than the dead storage, and this trend cannot be reversed at easy cost. This study is aimed at the analysis of prevailing sedimentation processes in the nearby dozens of dams found in the Lotsane catchment located within the Limpopo Basin of Botswana, and focuses on assessment of annual sedimentation rate. A spatial analysis and modelling study was conducted based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation and GIS to determine sediment yield and degree of impact of each reservoir for a given landscape, rainfall and catchment heterogeneity. Field observations and soil sampling were carried out in order to determine the factors that lead to reservoir sedimentation. Spatial data on the dams in Lotsane catchment were also collected from Ministry of Agriculture, which were used for ground-truthing, GIS-based calculations and model validation. The average sediment rate and sediment delivery ratio were found to be 1.74 t/ha/year and 81%, respectively. These are useful parameters to estimate service life of the dams and plan remedial measures related to sedimentation problems.

Analysis of Factors That Affect the Long-Term Survival of Small Businesses in Pretoria, South Africa

The paper is based on a 5-year follow-up study (2007 to 2012) of a random sample of 349 small business enterprises that operate in and around the city of Pretoria in South Africa. Data weregathered from each of the businesses on socio economic factors that were known to affect the long-term survival of small businesses. The objective of the study was to identify and quantify key predictors of viability and long-term survival. Pearson’s chi-square tests of associations, binary logistic regression analysis and the Cox Proportional Hazards Model were used for screening of variables, and for estimating odds ratios and hazard ratios of key predictors of viability and long-term survival. The study found that 188 of the 349 businesses that took part in the study (54%) were not viable, and that the long-term survival and viability of small businesses were adversely affected by lack of entrepreneurial skills, lack of supervisory support to newly established businesses, and inability to operators running newly established businesses to acquire relevant vocational skills.

Optimal Deployment Density for Maximum Coverage of Drone Small Cells

With the proliferation of small and mini drones, Drone Small Cells(DSCs) can cooperative multiple drones to provide communication service for ground users as emergency means or supplementary ones of traditional terrestrial cellular networks. In this paper, we study the fundamental problem of optimizing the deployment density of DSCs to achieve the maximum coverage performance. Most related works do not consider cumulative inter-cell interference when studying the coverage performance of DSCs. First, we derive an approximate and closed-form expression of the cumulative inter-cell interference which comes from both probabilistic Line-of-Sight(Lo S) and Non-Line-of-Sight(NLo S) links. Then, we analyze the coverage performance of DSCs and derive the transcendental function of optimal deployment density to obtain the maximum coverage. Last, we propose an algorithm to get the optimal deployment density with low complexity. We conduct both field experiments and Matlab simulations to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis. In addition, we show the impact of some factors on the relation between the deployment density and coverage performance through extensive numerical simulations.

Rosuvastatin Reduces Plasma Small Dense Ldl-Cholesterol Predominantly in Non-Diabetic Hypercholesterolemic Patients

Aims: Small dense LDL (sdLDL) cholesterol is considered a cardiovascular risk. Our purpose in this study was to evaluate the efficacy of rosuvastatin in reducing sdLDL and large buoyant LDL (lbLDL-C) in hypercholesterolemia. Methods: Fifty-six patients with a mean baseline LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration of 173.9 ± 40.5 mg/dL were treated with rosuvastatin 2.5 mg/day for 12 weeks. LDL-C, sdLDL-C, and apolipoprotein (apo) B were assessed and l lbLDL-C was calculated (LDL-C minus sdLDL-C). Results: After 12-week treatment with rosuvastatin 2.5mg, sdLDL-C and lbLDL-C were significantly reduced from 62.1 ± 23.8 mg/dL to 34.0 ± 13.4 mg/dL, p <0.001 and 112.7 ± 34.9 mg/dL to 77.2± 29.2 mg/dL, p < 0.001 respectively, and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio and apo B also decreased significantly, from 0.36 ± 0.02 to 0.32 ± 0.02, p < 0.005 and 134.2 ± 4.3 to 93.6 ± 3.5 mg/dl, p < 0.001, respectively. In diabetic subjects there was significant correlation between percent reductions in the plasma triglyceride and sdLDL-C/ lbLDL-C ratio (r = 0.58, p < 0.005), but not between the percentage decrease in plasma triglyceride and sdLDL-C. Conclusions: Treatment with rosuvastatin is associated with significant reduction in sdLDL, lbLDL and sdLDL/lbLDL ratio.

Effects of Bearing Type on Seismic Response of Small Base Isolation System Using Friction Bearings

In this study, dynamic characteristics of the small base isolation system using new friction bearings are investigated by excitation experiment, and compared to other one using previous bearings. Peak amplitude of the acceleration response waves on the small base isolation system is decreased to about 10%-25% compared to the input waves. Also root mean square amplitude is decreased to about 10%-40%. In case of the ball embedded a cylindrical sponge, the new bearing, the damping ratio increases with increasing width of the cylindrical sponge. The natural frequency does not change. On the other hand, in case of the marble plate that is previous bearing, the damping ratio increases with increasing curvature radius of the marble plate, the natural frequency also increases. Therefore, the small base isolation system using new friction bearing provides better performance. The responses of the base isolation system indicate nonlinier effects by friction force.

Piketty’s Capital-Income Theory Reconsidered for a Small Open Economy with Increasing Savings Rate

Since Piketty offered a new view of capital/income ratio, numerous attempts have been made to examine the relationship between return on capital, economic growth and the capital/income ratio. This paper attempts to shed new light on this field. More precisely, following recent literatures that pay attention to dynamics of external balance sheets of countries, we examine if Piketty’s results for large countries are robust for a country that takes the world rate of return on capital as given and whose savings rate increases gradually from negative value. It is revealed that for such a country, (1) Kuznets curve is drawn and (2) capital/income ratio decreases in accordance with a rise in savings rate and return on capital.

颗粒表面粗糙度对材料小应变动力特性的影响

土体的小应变剪切模量和阻尼比是表征土体动力学特性的重要参数,不仅受到土体密实度和应力状态的影响,还受到土体颗粒级配、形状等颗粒特征的影响。颗粒表面粗糙度是重要的土体颗粒特征之一,然而关于颗粒表面粗糙度对土体小应变动力特性影响的研究较为匮乏。利用能量注入式虚拟质量共振柱设备,系统地测试了颗粒表面粗糙度不同的玻璃珠所成试样的小应变剪切模量和阻尼比;采用三维干涉显微镜测量了玻璃珠的表面粗糙度,并量化表征粗糙度对试样小应变剪切模量和阻尼比的影响。试验结果表明,在相同孔隙比和有效应力条件下,试样的小应变剪切模量随颗粒表面粗糙度增大而减小,而小应变阻尼比受颗粒表面粗糙度影响的规律不明显。研究结果表明,当材料的颗粒形状、级配等因素相近时,颗粒表面粗糙度对材料小应变剪切模量的影响不应被忽略。

脑小血管病认知障碍患者脑电功率谱变化与中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值相关性及临床价值研究

目的:探索脑小血管病认知障碍(CSVCI)患者脑电功率谱变化与中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)的相关性,并分析其临床价值。方法:收集脑小血管病(CSVD)患者61例,依据蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分,将其分为伴有认知障碍组(CSVCI组,29例)及无认知功能障碍组(CSVD组,32例),同期招募体检健康者20例为对照组(HC组)。对三组进行脑电图检查,比较全脑定量脑电图功率谱密度(PSD),并分析其与NLR的相关性。结果:CSVCI组年龄高于HC组,受教育年限低于CSVD组和HC组(均P<0.05)。CSVCI组和CSVD组高血压占比高于HC组(均P<0.05)。CSVCI组脑室旁及总脑白质Fazekas评分高于CSVD组和HC组,且CSVD组高于HC组(均P<0.05)。CSVCI组和CSVD组深部脑白质Fazekas评分高于HC组(均P<0.05)。CSVCI组δ、θ频段PSD值高于CSVD组,α频段PSD值低于CSVD组和HC组,CSVD组δ频段PSD值低于HC组(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归表明α频段全脑PSD减低及受教育年限低为CSVCI发生的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。CSVD患者α频段PSD值与MoCA评分呈正相关,δ频段PSD值与MoCA评分呈负相关,且脑室旁Fazekas评分、深部脑白质Fazekas评分及总脑白质Fazekas评分与MoCA评分呈负相关(均P<0.05)。NLR与θ频段全脑PSD呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:CSVCI患者脑电快波活动减低而慢波活动增加。α频段全脑PSD值独立于Fazekas评分外影响CSVD患者认知障碍的发生,可能成为评估认知障碍严重程度、预测认知障碍发生的早期客观指标。NLR可能为导致脑电慢化的机制,有可能成为早期预测脑电慢化、认知障碍的客观指标。

脑小血管病患者基于血液eGFR和NLR构建发生认知功能障碍的列线图预测模型及评价

目的明确脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)患者认知障碍(cognitive impairment,CI)的独立危险因素并构建列线图临床预测模型。方法回顾性纳入2017年1月1日~2022年12月31日于西安交通大学第一附属医院住院诊断为脑小血管病的患者共247例,依据简易认知状态量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)分为伴有认知障碍组(CSVD-CI组,n=83)及无认知障碍组(CSVD-NCI组,n=164),通过Logistic回归筛选其发生认知障碍的影响因素,基于筛选的影响因素建立列线图临床预测模型并检验该模型效能。结果与CSVD-NCI组相比,CSVD-CI组患者中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,NLR)(3.03±2.56 vs 2.33±1.34)和清蛋白/球蛋白比值(1.58±0.27 vs 1.49±0.28)显著增高、估测肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate,eGFR)[88.59±16.59 ml/(min·1.73m^(2))vs 94.02±12.45 ml/(min·1.73m^(2))]显著减低,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.282,2.426,2.689,均P<0.05)。与CSVD-NCI组比较,CSVD-CI组患者男性比例更低(43.4%vs 67.7%),且受教育程度更低(2.13±1.50 vs 2.86±1.12),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.516,t=4.283,均P<0.001)。NLR(OR:1.20,95%CI:1.01~1.43),性别(OR:0.43,95%CI:0.24~0.79),eGFR(OR:0.97,95%CI:0.95~0.99)及受教育程度(OR:0.72,95%CI:0.57~0.91)为CSVD患者发生认知障碍的影响因素。基于此四项影响因素建立列线图预测模型具有良好的认知障碍预测效能(AUC=0.704,95%C:0.633~0.766)。结论构建的列线图在预测CSVD患者认知功能障碍的发生方面具有较高的准确度和临床实用性。

小晶粒高硅铝比NaY分子筛低温合成研究

采用自制的偏铝酸钠为合成导向剂,在低温下水热晶化合成出了小晶粒高硅铝比的NaY分子筛。考察了合成导向剂的陈化温度、陈化时间、晶化碱度、晶化温度和晶化时间对产品的影响,得到了制备NaY分子筛最佳的工艺条件,并进行了放大制备。在此条件下,NaY分子筛结晶度(峰面积)≥90%,结晶度(峰高)≥85%,硅铝比≥5.5,晶粒尺寸均在(100~200)nm,不仅优于工业标样的指标要求,且易于放大。

能谱CT定量参数联合NLR、CAR检测对非小细胞肺癌根治术后复发转移的预测价值

目的:探讨能谱CT定量参数联合NLR、CAR检测对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)根治术后复发转移的预测价值。方法:选择2018年1月至2021年6月于我院就诊并接受根治性切除术的114例NSCLC患者作为研究对象,术前对患者行胸部平扫及双期增强扫描,记录平扫有效原子序数(Eff-Z)、病灶处动脉期标准化碘浓度(NICVP)和静脉期标准化碘浓度(NICAP)、碘浓度差值(ICD)。术前采用全自动血细胞分析仪检测中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞计数,采用免疫比浊法测定血清C反应蛋白水平,溴甲酚绿法测定血清白蛋白水平,计算并记录中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、C反应蛋白水平/白蛋白比值(CAR)。患者术后门诊随访2年,观察是否发生复发转移。结果:术后复发转移与未复发转移NSCLC患者的性别、年龄、BMI、家族肿瘤史、吸烟史和病理类型比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);术后复发转移组患者中临床分期为Ⅱ期和有淋巴结转移的比例显著高于术后无复发转移组(P<0.05)。术后复发转移患者的Eff-Z、NICVP、NICAP、ICD均低于未复发转移组(P<0.05),NLR、CAR均高于未复发转移组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,TNM分期、淋巴结转移、Eff-Z、NICAP、NLR、CAR水平是NSCLC患者术后复发转移的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。建立Logistic回归方程如下:Logit(P)=-0.179+1.211×TNM分期+1.161×淋巴结转移+(-0.209)×Eff-Z+(-0.368)×NICAP+0.842×NLR+0.934×CAR。ROC曲线分析结果显示,建立的模型预测NSCLC患者术后复发转移的曲线下面积为0.958(95%CI:0.920~0.997,P<0.001),敏感度和特异度分别为92.0%和85.4%,优于各指标的单独预测效能。结论:联合应用临床病理特征、能谱CT定量参数及NLR、CAR检测对非小细胞肺癌根治术后复发转移的预测效能较好,具有一定临床应用价值。

风电机组附加有功控制参数对系统低频振荡的影响

附加有功控制环节使风机参与至同步机的机电振荡模式中,这使得系统功率振荡特性机理更加复杂,不利于附加有功控制环节的参数设计。为了研究风机附加有功控制对系统稳定性的影响,首先建立了考虑锁相环特性的风机与同步机动态作用的小信号模型;然后基于该模型利用阻尼转矩法分析了风机附加有功控制对系统振荡稳定性的影响机理,并提出了综合考虑系统等效惯性时间常数和阻尼比的附加有功控制环节系数设计方法;最后通过“10机39节点系统”的仿真结果量化分析了各系数对系统低频振荡稳定性的影响规律。结果表明,合理设置风电机组附加有功功率控制系数、滤波时间系数和锁相环带宽均能提升系统频率稳定性;理论分析的正确性也得到了验证。