Three-phase line tensions may become crucial in the adhesion of miero-nano or small droplets on solid planes. In this paper we study for the first time the nonlinear effects in adhesion spanning the full range of phys...Three-phase line tensions may become crucial in the adhesion of miero-nano or small droplets on solid planes. In this paper we study for the first time the nonlinear effects in adhesion spanning the full range of physically possible parameters of surface tension, line tension, and droplet size. It is shown that the nonlinear adhesion solution spaces can be characterized into four regions. Within each region the adhesion behaves essentially the same. Especially, inside the characteristic regions with violent nonlinearities, the co-existence of multiple adhesion states for given materials is disclosed. Besides, two common fixed points in the solution space are revealed. These new results are consistent with numerical analysis and experimental observations reported in the literatures.展开更多
A 65-year-old female patient was brought to our emergency department (ED) with alleged history of road traffic collision (RTC). The patient had respiratory distress on arrival and hence she was immediately intubated a...A 65-year-old female patient was brought to our emergency department (ED) with alleged history of road traffic collision (RTC). The patient had respiratory distress on arrival and hence she was immediately intubated and ventilated. Blood pressure and peripheral pulses were not measurable;however the central pulses were present. Aggressive fluid resuscitation was started. Primary assessment revealed distended neck veins, bony crepitus over right chest. Bedside plain chest radiograph and focused assessment with sonograph in trauma (FAST) were done which did not establish an immediate diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax revealed a tension pneumopericardium and moderate right hemopneumothorax, with multiple ribs fracture. An intercostal drainage tube (ICD) was inserted on right chest. The patient suffered a cardiac arrest and resuscitation measures were unsuccessful. The diagnostic pitfalls, the CT findings, possible clues to the diagnosis and the discussion of this rare case are presented in this case report.展开更多
针对低渗透油藏注入性差、洗油效率低,水驱无法有效提高采收率等问题,提出了一种低界面张力小分子驱油剂(LST溶液)提高低渗透油藏采收率新技术,评价了该驱油剂的界面活性、增黏性、乳化性、润湿性及其油藏环境适应性和驱油效果。结果表...针对低渗透油藏注入性差、洗油效率低,水驱无法有效提高采收率等问题,提出了一种低界面张力小分子驱油剂(LST溶液)提高低渗透油藏采收率新技术,评价了该驱油剂的界面活性、增黏性、乳化性、润湿性及其油藏环境适应性和驱油效果。结果表明,该驱油剂具有良好的界面活性和增黏性。在6788.23 mg/L的矿化水中,质量分数为0.4%时的LST溶液的油水界面张力为0.012 m N/m,且黏度与油藏原油黏度(3.4 m Pa·s)相近。LST溶液具有较好的油水乳化能力,可改善油藏水润湿性。在47.2℃、油水比为1∶1的条件下,LST乳状液的稳定时间为120 min。岩心经LST溶液处理后,水相接触角由57.0°降至12.5°,油相接触角由24.3°增至38.6°。LST溶液具有良好的静态抗吸附性能,经岩心3次吸附后,LST残液与原油间的界面张力仍能达到10^(-2)m N/m数量级,黏度达2.895 m Pa·s,乳状液静置10、120 min的析水率分别为38.6%、73.4%。LST溶液的耐盐性能较好。在矿化度为16570 mg/L的环境下,其油水界面张力低于7×10^(-2)m N/m、黏度为3.06 m Pa·s。LST溶液的驱油效果较好,可有效封堵高渗透孔道,启动低渗透孔道残余油。注入0.4 PV 0.4%LST溶液可使均质岩心(0.05μm^(2))的水驱驱油效率提高11.21百分点,非均质岩心(级差3~10)水驱后的综合采收率提高6.55百分点~19.41百分点。LST溶液可以实现低剂量或低成本有效提高水驱采收率,在低渗透非均质油藏化学驱提高采收率方面具有较好的应用前景。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.10572076,10672089)
文摘Three-phase line tensions may become crucial in the adhesion of miero-nano or small droplets on solid planes. In this paper we study for the first time the nonlinear effects in adhesion spanning the full range of physically possible parameters of surface tension, line tension, and droplet size. It is shown that the nonlinear adhesion solution spaces can be characterized into four regions. Within each region the adhesion behaves essentially the same. Especially, inside the characteristic regions with violent nonlinearities, the co-existence of multiple adhesion states for given materials is disclosed. Besides, two common fixed points in the solution space are revealed. These new results are consistent with numerical analysis and experimental observations reported in the literatures.
文摘A 65-year-old female patient was brought to our emergency department (ED) with alleged history of road traffic collision (RTC). The patient had respiratory distress on arrival and hence she was immediately intubated and ventilated. Blood pressure and peripheral pulses were not measurable;however the central pulses were present. Aggressive fluid resuscitation was started. Primary assessment revealed distended neck veins, bony crepitus over right chest. Bedside plain chest radiograph and focused assessment with sonograph in trauma (FAST) were done which did not establish an immediate diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax revealed a tension pneumopericardium and moderate right hemopneumothorax, with multiple ribs fracture. An intercostal drainage tube (ICD) was inserted on right chest. The patient suffered a cardiac arrest and resuscitation measures were unsuccessful. The diagnostic pitfalls, the CT findings, possible clues to the diagnosis and the discussion of this rare case are presented in this case report.
文摘针对低渗透油藏注入性差、洗油效率低,水驱无法有效提高采收率等问题,提出了一种低界面张力小分子驱油剂(LST溶液)提高低渗透油藏采收率新技术,评价了该驱油剂的界面活性、增黏性、乳化性、润湿性及其油藏环境适应性和驱油效果。结果表明,该驱油剂具有良好的界面活性和增黏性。在6788.23 mg/L的矿化水中,质量分数为0.4%时的LST溶液的油水界面张力为0.012 m N/m,且黏度与油藏原油黏度(3.4 m Pa·s)相近。LST溶液具有较好的油水乳化能力,可改善油藏水润湿性。在47.2℃、油水比为1∶1的条件下,LST乳状液的稳定时间为120 min。岩心经LST溶液处理后,水相接触角由57.0°降至12.5°,油相接触角由24.3°增至38.6°。LST溶液具有良好的静态抗吸附性能,经岩心3次吸附后,LST残液与原油间的界面张力仍能达到10^(-2)m N/m数量级,黏度达2.895 m Pa·s,乳状液静置10、120 min的析水率分别为38.6%、73.4%。LST溶液的耐盐性能较好。在矿化度为16570 mg/L的环境下,其油水界面张力低于7×10^(-2)m N/m、黏度为3.06 m Pa·s。LST溶液的驱油效果较好,可有效封堵高渗透孔道,启动低渗透孔道残余油。注入0.4 PV 0.4%LST溶液可使均质岩心(0.05μm^(2))的水驱驱油效率提高11.21百分点,非均质岩心(级差3~10)水驱后的综合采收率提高6.55百分点~19.41百分点。LST溶液可以实现低剂量或低成本有效提高水驱采收率,在低渗透非均质油藏化学驱提高采收率方面具有较好的应用前景。
