Micro-reconstruction Strategies of Urban Villages in Small Towns from the Perspective of Policy Orientation:A Case Study of Zhuangqian Xiongjia Village,Fengcheng City

As China’s economy shifts from high-speed development to high-quality development,China’s urbanization also shifts from incremental expansion to stock optimization,providing a new direction for the transformation of urban villages.At present,the reconstruction work office of urban villages in small towns is mainly promoted based on government-led and villager main body in the initial exploration stage.From the perspective of policy orientation,to solve the main problems in urban villages in small towns,Zhuangqian Xiongjia Village,Fengcheng City was taken as an example,and the micro-transformation strategies of urban villages were put forward from the perspective of satisfying the appeals of the government,village committee and villagers,so as to provide some references for the transformation of urban villages in other small towns across the country.

Analysis on the environmental problems accompanying the high-speed urbanization of small towns in China

The environmental problems accompanying the rapid urbanization of many small towns like Keqiao, Shaoxing County of China and their countermeasures are presented. To settle these problems rationally as well as effectively will not only conduce to boost the environmental quality and life quality of cities, but also help to promote the development of regional economy and the realization of sustainable development.

Discussion on the Problems and Developing Trend of Construction of Sewage Treatment Plants in Small Towns

Existing problems of sewage treatment plants in small towns were summarized firstly,and then the developing trend of construction of sewage treatment plants in small towns was discussed from the aspects of project decision,site selection,design,processing technology and construction financing models. Finally,outlooks for its future development were proposed to provide reference for the construction of sewage treatment plants in small towns in future.

Planning and Designing of Small Towns in Underdeveloped Areas from Perspective of Ecocivilization——A Case Study of Shuinan Town,Jishui County,Jiangxi Province

Small towns are important carriers of rural economy development, and center promoting rural advancement in a specific region. However, many environ- mental problems are emerging with rapid urbanization and expansion of small town scale. The research analyzed existing problems of small town planning and con- struction domestically in the context of the 18th Party Congress and proposed coun- termeasures in terms of scale prediction, intensive use of lands, ＂pastoral＂ land- scape pattern, protection and up-gradation of human ecology with a case study of Shuinan Town, Jishui County, Jiangxi Province.

A STUDY ON LAND SYSTEM INNOVATIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SMALL TOWNS IN CHINA

The economic development in China and the rising of the living standard need to speed up the urbanisation. The development of small towns is an important way to Chinese urbanisation. Land use plays a very important role in the development of small towns. However there are many problems in the development of small towns, esp. in land use. The paper first discusses the land problems in the development of small towns. Such as much cultivated land lies idle, under utilization and waste of land, increasing illegal use of land, unstable contractual relationship for land use. The relationship between the development of small towns and land use is also studied. Then the guidelines for the land system innovations of small towns are put forward. Namely the sustainability of social and economic development, the balance between land reservation and land utilization, the provision of service to village, agriculture and farmer, the management of land resource and land assets, the parsimonious and legal use of land. The basic framework of land system innovations of small towns is put forward finally. It include the land replacement policy for small towns and the permanent tenancy of farmland, the overall plan for land uses and other plans in harmony, the establishment of a flexible system of land supplies, using land with payments, the transfer of agricultural land and refining the land law related to the construction of small towns.

Regional Economic Types and Development Strategy of Small Towns in Suburb Beijing

The purpose of this article is to classify the regional economic types and development dynamics of small towns in suburb Beijing by applying the classification methods developed by Nelson's method and Location Quotient method into 183 small towns in Beijing.Four types of small towns are thus identified,including urban agriculture dominated towns,manufacturing dominated towns,service industry dominated towns and comprehensive type towns with balanced economic development.Within the environment of geographical information system,the spatial distribution pattern of four types of small towns with their evolution trend is analyzed.The results indicate that four types of small towns have obvious'core-periphery'spatial structure but with different functional orientations and evolution mechanisms.Based on this,the different development strategies for each type of small towns are summarized,providing a scientific reference for the differentiating planning and development strategies of these small towns.

Comprehensive Reform and Construction of Small Towns:A Case Study of Ningde City

Taking Ningde City as an example,this paper analyzed current situations of construction and comprehensive reform of small towns.It further discussed existing problems and causes in the construction and comprehensive reform of small towns.Finally,it came up with pertinent recommendations,in the hope of providing some valuable references for construction and comprehensive reform of small towns in Ningde City.

Benefit Evaluation on Land Comprehensive Consolidation in the Small Towns——A Case of Daxing District,Beijing,China

Taking Daxing District,Beijing,China as a example,benefit evaluation index system of small-town land comprehensive consolidation isestablished from four aspects of resource benefit,economic benefit,social benefit and ecological benefit.Weight of evaluation index is determinedby analytic hierarchy process.After the standardized treatment on the original value index,comprehensive index method is adopted to evaluate theland comprehensive consolidation benefits in 14 towns of Daxing District in the year 2005,combining with the index weight determined by analytic hi-erarchy process.Evaluation result shows that areas having significant effects are Yizhuang Town,Xihongmen Town,Yinghai Town,and JiugongTown,which are concentrated in rural-urban continuum with significant location advantages and good economic and infrastructure status.Areashaving good effects are Changziying Town,Huangcun Town,Panggezhuang Town,Beizangcun Town,and Yufa Town,which are located alongYongding River,with abundant farmland resources and good ecological environment.Areas having general effects are Weishan Town,QingyundianTown,and Anding Town,with insignificant location advantages.Areas with no significant effects are Lixian Town and Caiyu Town,with relativelypoor location,resource,and economic development status.

COMPREHENSMIVE PLANNING FOR WATER RESOURCES EXPLOITATION AND WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FOR CHANGLI COUNTY--A CASE STUDY FOR SMALL TOWNS OF CHINA

One of the major characteristics about the water resources and water pollution in China is that the southem part of the country is endowed with abundant water resources with serious water pollution occurring in some areas, whereas the northem part is endowed with limited water resources with relatively more serious water pollution existing in some areas. Urban areas have been mainiy affected by point source pollution while ecological damage is most serious in rural areas and small towns. With rapid development of socio-ecomony and urbanization, many new small towns have occurred in China, and the concemed ecological problems such as water pollution and soil erosion have been gradually changed into local point source pollution. Water envirormental problems are geding more and more serious. To resolve the above mentioned problems and to provide a mode for towns in North China, the Research Center of Water Problems of Chinese Academy of Sciences undertook the research project of comprehensive planning of urban environment of Changli County, Hebei Province. Conceming the limited financial strength of the county and its relatively low level of socio-economic development, the planning is aimed to protect and to improve Changli's environment with the least cost, to promote the suitable development of socio-economy of Changli County, and to carry out effective environmental regulations, control and managemeat.

Research on Age-friendly Open Spaces Design in Residential Areas of Small Towns

Taking the accelerating aging and newly promoted urbanization as backdrops, this paper, on one side, analyzed the demands for parks, squares, fi tness facilities, chairs, etc. of elders in small towns from perspectives of unique physical, psychological and social features of elders. On the other side, it also tackled the inadequacies of open spaces in small towns. Moreover, it proposed strategies such as creating social activity spaces, cultivating therapeutic green landscapes, constructing diversely secure fi tness spaces and building age integrated environments, etc. for designing age-friendly open spaces in small towns.

Full scale application of combined SBF-AS process for municipal wastewater treatment in small towns and cities in China

The combined submerged biofilm （ SBF）-activated sludge （AS） process for treatment of municipal wastewater in a small city in China is described in this paper. The process exhibited high removal efficiencies for carbonaceous substances, nitrogen and phosphorus which mainly took place in the combined SBF-AS biore- actor. The SBF-AS bioreactor was divided into pre-anoxic, anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic zones from inlet to outlet, in which fixed biofilm carriers were packed. Excellent performance had been obtained under normal operating conditions in more than one year of operation in Dong＇ e municipal WWTP, Shandong province, with mean removal efficiencies of BOD5 93.4%, COD 88%, SS 92%, NH4 - N 82. 1%, TP 75% and TN 66.7%, and quite high effluent quality such as BOD5 6 to 10 rag/L, COD 20 to 40 rag/L, SS 5 to 10 rag/L, TN 10 to 20 rag/L, NH4 - N 4 to 8 mg/L and TP 0. 6 to 1.0 mg/L. The effluent was reused multi-purposely, such as toilet flushing, green belt watering and artificial lake pounding. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification took place due to the DO gradient in biofilm in aerobic zone of the SBF-AS bioreactor, which made TN removal efficiency improved remarkably in system. Some activated sludge was returned from final clarifiers to the bioreactor for phosphorus removal. The process had the advantages of low investment and low operational/ maintenance （O/M） costs, low sludge yield and was preferably employed in small towns and cities.

The Construction Strategy of Small Towns Based on Ecological Concept

Based on the perspective of ecological concept,this study first interpreted the background of ecological civilization construction,and combed the relationship between ecological concept and small town planning.Second,it expounded the ecological problems of natural resources,economic development,landscape system,social humanities and other aspects in the construction of contemporary small towns.According to the study,the construction of small towns based on the ecological concept should establish the concept of "ecology first",practice "multiple compliance",coordinate the relationship with other planning,make reasonable planning and design in the aspects of town scale,functional orientation,structural form,road traffic,landscape style and features,humanistic characteristics,and strengthen the implementation,supervision and management of planning.Finally,summary and outlook was made,hoping that the study will be of reference value and guidance to the planning and construction of small towns.

Expatiation on Small Towns : A Solid Foundation for the Research and Policy-Making of Small Towns in China

Expatiation on Small TownsAuthors:Zhao Hui et al.Year:2017Publisher:China Architecture and Building Press ISBN:9787112211036(285 pages,in Chinese)Expatiation on Small Towns concentrates on the four parts of smalltowns:people,life,economy,and space,the most crucial elementsthat can directly reflect the development of small towns in China.Itcan be said that this is an innovative research outcome on small townsin China over the years.

Development and Planning of Small Towns in China:Speculation, Reassessment, and Prospect

Small town development has been one of the most remarkable features of urbanization in China: This paper systematically examines different definitions of small towns and critically assesses various interpretations of the functions performed by Chinese towns in national development. Prior to the- 1980s, small towns were enthusiastically portrayed as storage reservoirs that can dam the flux of the surplus rural labor force into large cities. Existing problems associated with the growth and planning of small towns have resulted in a sober reassessment of the role played by the towns. Despite the partial retreat of enthusiasm about the town-based urbanization strategy, small towns continue to flourish spontaneously in the grassroots level of the Chinese countryside. A new pattern of ’urbanizationfrom below’, motivated primarily by the growth of township and village enterprises and centeredaround small towns, is quickly taking shape in the country patticularly in the coastal extended metropolitan regions.

The Community Transformation and Residential Space Restructuring Strategies of Small Towns in the Pearl River Delta Region

After analyzing the current characteristics and problems of residential space in small towns in the Pearl River Delta Region(PRDR), combined with the New Urbanism theory and community construction methods, this paper puts forward a restructuring strategy of residential space, which includes the reorganization of residential space using the "community – residential quarter – neighborhood" model, the reform of the community management mode based on the "transformation from village council to resident committee," the restructuring of the multi-level community service system to meet the diversified social needs, and the construction of a mixed community addressing the issue of residential segregation and the aim to achieve community integration.

Problems in the Development of Small Cities and Towns in West China and Countermeasures: A Case Study of Luzhou City, Sichuan Province

New urbanization targets at coordinated urban-rural development, and construction of ecological and livable environment, it is the foundation for breaking urban-rural dual structure of China and promoting the agricultural modernization. Small cities and towns as carriers of new urbanization have already become important paths of realizing new urbanization and solving problems concerning 300 million peasants in China. Considering the requirements of new urbanization, this paper took Luzhou City in Sichuan Province for example to explore development path suitable for small cities and towns in west China and gave pertinent suggestions.

Study on Landscape Character Assessment System in Small Cities and Towns

The paper elaborated landscape character assessment system of small cities and towns, defi ned the assessment objects, application range of assessment fruits, specifi c evaluation methods and procedures. Taking Gexianshan Town in Pengzhou City for example, technical means for assessing landscape characters were adopted for the landscape assessment, which provided professional support for the future planning.

The Problems and Measures for Small Tourism Town Development in China:A Case Study of Wan Town

With the rapid development of tourism and urbanization in China,small tourism towns gradually grow toward prosperity.This paper takes Wan Town as an example to analyze the problem and countermeasures concerning the development of small tourism towns in China.There are a series of issues in the process of development of Wan Town,which includes uncoordinated architectural style,inaccurate market positioning,repeated cultural themes,and vulnerable linkage of the industrial chain.Based on the factor analysis,these development issues were classified into three categories:confusing architectural style,repetitive cultural theme,and weak linkage of industrial chain.To achieve the goal of sustainable development of small tourism towns,some countermeasures must be taken which include promoting the development of small tourism towns with the new rural revitalization,strengthening services improvement in small tourism towns,gathering industrial elements related to the tourism industry,and increasing tourism cultural connotation.

Connotation and Characteristics of Small Town Characteristic Economy

A small town is ＂the end of a city＂, but ＂the start of countryside＂. It is a main point of urban-rural dual structure and an intermediate from countryside to city. Therefore, it is key for the issue concerning ＂agriculture, countryside and farmers＂. In the research, the definition of small towns, the connotation and features of characteristic economy were discussed and the importance of small town characteristic economy and the approaches were proposed.

Cultural Route of Ancient Villages and Towns in Zhuozhang River Valley

Shanxi Zhuozhang River Basin has a long history of human habitation,which is one of important cradles of Central-Plains civilization.It has a distinctive valley landscape and holds the glorious Shangdang culture through the Fukou pathway of the ancient 8 valley pathways in Taihang,one of the main activities of Shanxi Lu Trader,and the old revolutionary base areas of Chinese Communist Party.Within the study area,the common factors infl uencing the ancient villages and towns space characteristics were systematically revealed from fi ve aspects of valley landscape environment,Lu Trader development lines,Buddhism propagation path,regional folklore and military activity site.By exploring the uniqueness and similarity,this study analyzed the spatial pattern of ancient villages and towns in the Zhuozhang River Basin and the infl uence of natural,social and historical factors.The feasibility of constructing cultural route in the Zhuozhang River Basin was demonstrated.