Discussion on the Problems and Developing Trend of Construction of Sewage Treatment Plants in Small Towns

Existing problems of sewage treatment plants in small towns were summarized firstly,and then the developing trend of construction of sewage treatment plants in small towns was discussed from the aspects of project decision,site selection,design,processing technology and construction financing models. Finally,outlooks for its future development were proposed to provide reference for the construction of sewage treatment plants in small towns in future.

Study on the Construction Path of Characteristic Small Cities and Towns from the Perspective of Supply-side Reform——Taking Zushan Town as an Example

Characteristic small cities and towns are the new vehicle for advancing new urbanization construction and supply-side reform.Zushan characteristic towns focus on tourism vacation,ecological livability,integration of production and cities,cultural heritage,poverty alleviation and other functions,and focus on building a new type of"product,city,and people"trinity,is a new benchmark for industrial transformation and upgrading.This article uses field surveys,interviews,and other methods to investigate the status quo of the construction of small towns with Zushan characteristics.Based on this,SWOT analysis of small towns is carried out,and the disadvantages and threats to its development are determined from the nature of towns and cities,infrastructure construction,and townships.Five suggestions were made for the construction of capital,the cultivation of special industries,and the detennination of the main body of urban construction.

The Construction Strategy of Small Towns Based on Ecological Concept

Based on the perspective of ecological concept,this study first interpreted the background of ecological civilization construction,and combed the relationship between ecological concept and small town planning.Second,it expounded the ecological problems of natural resources,economic development,landscape system,social humanities and other aspects in the construction of contemporary small towns.According to the study,the construction of small towns based on the ecological concept should establish the concept of "ecology first",practice "multiple compliance",coordinate the relationship with other planning,make reasonable planning and design in the aspects of town scale,functional orientation,structural form,road traffic,landscape style and features,humanistic characteristics,and strengthen the implementation,supervision and management of planning.Finally,summary and outlook was made,hoping that the study will be of reference value and guidance to the planning and construction of small towns.

Analysis of the Long Stay Elements in the Planning of Small Tourism Towns

According to the conditions to develop Long Stay in small tourism towns,the demonstration of Long Stay in the planning and construction of small towns was taken into consideration,and its benefits for tourism towns were analyzed.The results showed that small tourism towns were endowed with sound conditions to develop Long Stay,which played its role in the overall planning of towns and would benefit the economic development of these towns.

Impact of the Small Town Construction on Original Inhabitants in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area——A Case Study in Lishu Village, Changling Town, Chongqing Municipality, China

Based on the five-year long dynamic tracking and investigation of the peasant households of the Lishu village, the influences by small town construction on the economy and employment of the original peasant households are discussed. On the one hand, small town construction plays a positive role in adjustment of the industrial structure of the original peasant households and in the transfer of their employment towards non-agricultural industries. On the other hand the economic growth of the original peasant households is not so well sustainable, and is so fluctuating. Moreover, the unbalance of income distribution of the said households has been furthered, and small town construction has made the existing labor surplus of the original peasant households more serious, particularly the women labor surplus.

Study of Urban and Rural Construction Land Change Based on Small Scale in Dafang

This paper is to examine the urban and rural construction land data of Dafang between basic year and final year based on country scale and spatial econometrics,and analyze its spatial pattern and change feature. According to the results,the construction lands in all the villages of Dafang County showed strong spatial autocorrelation and significant spatial cluster. After the analysis of local Moran's I,the construction lands in 381 villages of 36 counties presented strong activity. The original small-scale villages were gradually enlarging,which will not only gradually benefit local development,but also be in accordance with the strategy of " one city,one district,eight parks".

Relationship between Dam Construction and Red Tide Occurrence in Small Bays and the Seto Inland Sea, Japan with Considerations from the Gulf of Mexico

There are many papers on red tide occurrences and eutrophication. Here, we use these data to examine the relationship between dam construction and red tide occurrence in Kesennuma Bay, Dokai Bay and the small bays of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Here, for the first time, differences in mechanisms of red tide occurrences in these small bays are demonstrated. Mud overflowing from dams likely induces red tides in these areas as the mud flows out from the mouth of the rivers, is carried along the coast by the longshore current, and then enters and is deposited into small bays. Red tide is considered to be induced by the accumulation of mud and siltation. From data on the locations and year of red tide occurrences in the Gulf of Mexico, the same mechanism as for the occurrence of red tide in small bays of Japanwas found to be applicable.

Study on the Roles of FWUA in Construction, Management and Maintenance of Small-Scale Irrigation and Water Conservancy

In recent years, China has been frequented by floods and droughts which has greatly evoked much concern from the Central Government about rural water conservancy construction. Irrigation is closely related to the "three rural" issues and concerns about the vital interests of farmers. To achieve a virtuous circle of agricultural water supply, it is necessary and urgent to establish Farmer Water User Association (FWUA) to participate in the construction, management and maintenance of small-scale irrigation system. Based on the survey on nationwide "Small-scale irrigation conditions", the roles of FWUA in the construction, management and maintenance of small-scale water conservancy have studied in this study.

Small Town Construction in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period: A Case Study of Shangrao City

The 12 th Five-Year Plan period was unusual five years in the development of China. Under the dual pressure of complex international environment and arduous domestic reform task,China made outstanding achievements in economic development,which lays a solid foundation for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the 13 th Five-Year Plan period. The key and difficult points of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects lie in solving issues concerning agriculture,farmers,and rural areas. The 18 th National Congress of the CPC stated that integrated urban and rural development is the fundamental approach for solving issues concerning agriculture,farmers,and rural areas. As a transitional form from rural areas to urban areas,small town play an important role in integrated urban and rural development. In the 13 th Five-Year Plan period,China should take a new road of characteristic urbanization,energetically develop key towns,central towns,and characteristic towns,use points to drive areas,and promote coordinated progress of urbanization construction and new countryside construction. Focusing on the objective of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and taking Shangrao City as an example,we analyzed construction of small town,in order to provide scientific theoretical reference for urbanization development,plan preparation,and policy formulation of Shangrao City.

A Brief Analysis on the Construction of Subject Image in the Self-Documentary "Small Talk"

Taiwan Residents producer Huang Hui-zhen directed the camera at her mother and herself,trying to communicate and reconcile with her mother through documentary.Different from other private record documentaries,the conflicts within the subject construction in Small Talk is no longer limited to“person to person”,“person and family”,or“parents and children”.Instead,it constructs the theme of an ordinary family struggling with a collection of social issues such as homosexuality,domestic violence,sexual assault,aboriginal Taiwan Residents culture,etc.

何以开拓三线建设研究新边疆

三线建设是新中国历史上建构战略腹地的重大工程。近年来,在学术界同人的共同努力下,三线建设研究成果不断涌现,俨然成为党史、国史的热点领域。站在中共中央1964年提出三线建设战略决策60周年纪念的当下,检视三线建设的既有研究,存在史料同质化、研究碎片化、差异性不足等问题,制约着三线建设学术研究的进一步深入。要克服这一阻碍,未来应从三个方面突破:一是视角向下、深入基层,建构立体综合的史料体系;二是在继续拓展三线建设内史的同时,加强外史研究,并在二者之间建立逻辑自洽的联接;三是注重三线建设对历史造成的断裂和延续,从长时段的视角思考三线建设的历史定位,并以共时性与历时性相结合的思路,开拓三线建设研究新边疆。

软土地区轨道交通桥梁下方灌注桩小净距施工影响

[目的]我国沿海软土地区灌注桩与运营轨道交通桥梁、桥墩间小净距的施工影响正成为制约城市轨道交通规划与建设的又一瓶颈因素,因此有必要研究小净距钻孔灌注桩施工对周围地层和桥墩的变形影响。[方法]以浙江某城市道路桩板结构形式下穿轨道交通桥梁在建工程为例,通过设计土体侧向变形监测试验和搭建既有桥梁、桥墩的位移智能监测系统,分析了深厚软土区地层与测斜孔的协同变形特性,以及钻孔灌注桩施工对周围地层及桥墩变形的影响规律。[结果及结论]为使测斜孔与地层具有较好的协同变形,软土区测斜孔施工后应稳定停留6 d;淤泥层对施工加载、卸载过程的敏感性较高,由施工引发的软土地层变形量最大;在施工条件下,桥墩3个方向的变形幅值约为未施工的2~3倍;成孔开挖和混凝土浇筑工序对桥墩深度方向的扰动影响较显著,因此已运营轨道交通桥梁下部施工的监测重点应为竖向位移。

大坡度小曲线地铁盾构钢套筒接收关键技术

盾构接收作为盾构隧道施工过程中一个重要工序,具有极高的安全要求。盾构在大坡度小曲线线形上接收,常规接收手段具有较高的风险性,如何实现安全稳定接收,是此类工程中需要解决的难题。依托北京市轨道交通某盾构工程,结合其盾构机在大坡度小曲线上穿越粉细砂等不良地质的特殊条件,采用钢套筒接收的工艺及玻璃纤维筋围护桩的加固措施对施工风险进行控制,其中钢套筒采用切线方向布置接收,有效规避了盾构隧道特殊线形导致的安全风险,同时合理调整盾构施工参数,确保端头土体的稳定性。工程结果表明,大坡度小曲线盾构钢套筒接收关键技术具有良好的工程效果,研究成果可为该类工程提供参考依据。

供应链金融对建筑中小企业融资约束的影响研究

建筑供应链金融是建筑中小企业解决融资难问题的有效路径。本文以建筑供应链金融的应用现状和中小企业融资约束成因为研究基础,以2017—2021年我国中小板107家建筑上市企业财务数据为样本,以现金——现金流模型为理论基础,验证了建筑供应链金融对中小企业融资约束的缓解作用,同时探究建筑中小企业发展供应链金融面临的风险及信息化欠缺等问题,提出建筑中小企业发展供应链金融的可持续发展路径,从地方政府、金融机构和中小企业自身角度提出具体的实施建议。

基于强度折减的小净距隧道洞口施工对边仰坡稳定性影响研究

以巫镇高速某公路隧道为背景,通过强度折减法对隧道围岩参数进行折减,采用FLAC 3D有限差分软件对洞口段隧道开挖进行了数值模拟,并基于现场监测对模拟参数进行了标定,分析了隧道洞口施工边仰坡稳定性和极限剪应变分布特征,探明了不同折减系数下隧道洞口段位移变化规律,提出了隧道洞口边仰坡稳定性安全系数合理取值和位移安全基准值。研究结果表明:1)初始状态时,当折减系数介于1.36~1.38时,岩体位移变形速率加快,累计变形量发生突变,边仰坡上方极限应变区域贯通;2)隧道洞口施工后,当折减系数介于1.20~1.22时,岩体位移变形速率加快,累计变形量发生突变,隧道间极限应变区域贯通,故提出隧道施工的洞口边仰坡稳定性安全系数控制基准值为1.2,此时竖向位移安全基准值为80 mm,水平位移安全基准值为35 mm。

三线并行小净距隧道施工诱发邻近桩基变形响应研究

依托南通轨道交通1号线孩环区间(孩儿巷站—环城东路站)三线并行小净距盾构隧道工程,采用离散元法(Discrete Element Method,DEM)—有限差分法(Finite Difference Method,FDM)耦合的数值仿真,分析桩基础长度、桩隧距对桩基础变形的影响。结果表明:三线小净距隧道施工会引起邻近桩基沉降;桩底和隧道顶部位于同一深度时,桩基水平位移最大值出现在桩底,桩基变形以倾斜为主;桩底与隧道底部位于同一深度和桩底位于隧道底部以下时桩基水平位移最大值出现在隧道轴线位置,桩基变形以弯曲为主,但桩底位于隧道底部以下时桩基对隧道施工表现出更强的敏感性;三种长度的桩基最大拉应力所在截面靠近隧道一侧和远离隧道一侧拉压应力状态均完全相反;桩长一定时,随桩隧距增大,桩基的沉降、最大水平位移、最大轴向拉应力均减小。

基于微设计理论的城市小微公共空间设计——以南京秦淮“梧桐语”城市客厅为例

随着城镇化的发展,城市建设取得丰富成果的背后,是众多小微公共空间的低效使用与文化缺失。与此同时,在城市更新所面临的土地资源稀缺与提升环境质量的矛盾中,城市腹地中具有良好品质的小微公共空间正在成为城市更新的主要抓手。文章通过对“微设计”理论的研究,结合南京秦淮梧桐语城市客厅设计实践,为我国城市中小微公共空间的设计提供有效的策略借鉴与参考,推动城市小微公共空间的触媒作用。

小数据视角下知识服务的体系建构与伦理反思

知识服务智慧化是国家教育和文化数字化战略的重要组成部分,在近年来的大数据技术热潮下,研究者亟须冷静思考小数据的价值。文章首先分析了潜在期、成长期、成熟期和衰退期四类小数据用户,阐释了其个体独特性、实时动态性和适度可控性三方面特征,归纳了包括静态数据、动态数据以及第三方数据在内的三类小数据来源及结构。其次在数据与知识双轮驱动的第三代人工智能思想指导下,以知识图谱为基石,以用户画像为核心,构建了小数据视角下的知识服务体系,提出新型的知识服务需融合多模态数据提高用户画像的精准性,以知识图谱为引擎促进知识管理的认知性,坚持应用为王增加知识服务的多样性。最后,从价值观、正义观、自由观三方面审视小数据视角下知识服务面临的伦理挑战。

面向高标准农田建设的农地制度创新:小农户视角

在农业强国战略背景下,高标准农田建设在农业农村现代化中发挥关键支撑作用。相对于工程管理问题,农地制度创新在高标准农田建设中尚未被充分重视。已有关于农地制度的研究主要关注稳定土地承包权和流转土地经营权的关系,而对高标准农田建设与农地制度改革的关系研究不足。在广大中西部村庄,小农户仍然是农业经营的主体,需要高标准农田建设项目支持,融入现代农业发展体系。从小农户的视角出发,面向高标准农田建设的农地制度创新要解决两个问题:一是地块整合问题,要避免工程导向的项目建设造成农田耕作的不便;二是土地经营权配置问题,要避免大户导向的项目建设造成小农户被制度性排斥。基于田野调查,克服两种困境的办法是在保持土地承包权不变的基础上,由村集体整合地块,形成按户连片经营,不仅能充分释放高标准农田建设促进农业发展的经济效应,而且有利于保障农村社会稳定。