The Visualization Analysis of Research Hotspot and Frontier Technology of the Smart Power Distribution and Utilization Based on the Cite Space

In order to make an intensive study of the development of smart power distribution and utilization technology in China, their research hotspots and frontier technology are selected out through combining the informatics method, and using the CiteSpace which can take keyword cooccurrence analysis and draw the visualization graph. According to this result, we can infer the development trend of smart power distribution and utilization in the future, and providing reference for the researcher whose engage in this domain. The electric related literature was collected from the CNKI database in China. Under the smart power distribution and utilization domain, we also analyze the development of the power quality and the energy internet in detail.

Distributed event-triggered optimal power management of distribution networks considering dynamic tariff

This paper introduces a novel fully distributed economic power dispatch(EPD)strategy for distribution networks,integrating dynamic tariffs.A two-layer model is proposed:the first layer comprises the physical power distribution network,including photovoltaic(PV)sources,wind turbine(WT)generators,energy storage systems(ESS),flexible loads(FLs),and other inflexible loads.The upper layer consists of agents dedicated to communication,calculation,and control tasks.Unlike previous EPD strategies,this approach incorporates dynamic tariffs derived from voltage constraints to ensure compliance with nodal voltage constraints.Addi-tionally,a fast distributed optimization algorithm with an event-triggered communication protocol has been developed to address the EPD problem effectively.Through mathematical and simulation analyses,the proposed algorithm's efficiency and rapid conver-gence capability are demonstrated.

Performance of joint dual links dynamic power control and smart antenna for TDMA/TDD cellular mobile communications

Interference cancellation is made available by using smart antenna at cellular base stations. Well distributed cumulative probability of signal to interference plus noise power ratio appears to be vital for cellular mobile multimedia communications. A scenario of dual links dynamic power control combined to a solution of smart antenna is proposed to adjust the instant transmission power in terms of the disparity from the favorite range. Simulation results show that this method is quite effective to improve the cumulative distribution probability performance. Meanwhile, accompanying low power consumption is also obtained at both base stations and mobile stations.

Assessing Micro-generation＇s and Non-linear Loads＇ Impact in the Power Quality of Low Voltage Distribution Networks

Distribution networks face an increasing penetration of solar PV （photovoltaic） and small WTG （wind turbine generator） as well as other forms of micro-generation. To this scenario, one must add the dissemination of non-linear loads such as EV （electric vehicles）. There is something in common between those loads and sources： the extensive use of power electronic converters with commutated switches. These devices may be a source of medium-to-high frequency harmonic distortion and their impact on the local distribution grid must be carefully assessed in order to evaluate their negative impacts on the network, on the existing conventional loads and also on other active devices. In this paper, methodologies to characterize effects such as： harmonics, network unbalances, damaging power line resonance conditions, and over/under voltages are described and applied to a real local grid configuration.

Research on IPv6 Transition Evolvement and Security Architecture of Smart Distribution Grid Data Communication System

Smart distribution grid needs data communication systems as a support to complete their important functions. The smart distribution grid of the data and information are increasingly adopting internet protocol and Ethernet technology. The IP addresses are more and more important for the smart distribution grid equipment. The current IPv4 protocol occupies a dominant position; therefore, the challenges of the evolution to IPv6 and network security are faced by data communication systems of the smart distribution grid. The importance of data communications network and its main bearer of business were described. The data communications network from IPv4 to IPv6 evolution of the five processes and four stages of the transition were analyzed. The smart distribution grid data communications network security and types of their offensive and defensive were discussed. And the data communications network security architecture was established. It covers three dimensions, the security level, the communications network security engineering and the communications network security management. The security architecture safeguards the evolution to IPv6 for the smart distribution grid data communication systems.

Investigation of Bandwidth Requirement of Smart Meter Network Using OPNET Modeler

Smart meter networks are the backbone for smart electrical distribution grid. Smart meter network requires the bidirectional communications medium and interoperability capability. As thousands of meters are interconnected in the smart meter network, it is vital to select an appropriate communication bandwidth to facilitate real-time two-way information flows and this will also allow further uptake of greenhouse-friendly technology options and enhance energy security. Optimized Network Engineering Tools (OPNET) Modeler is one of most powerful simulation tools for the analysis of communication networks. In this paper, several models of different structured smart meter networks were developed with network parameters which were connected with different communication links such as 10 BaseT and 100 BaseT in order to measure propagation delay, throughput, and utilization of the network. It was found that the propagation delay decreases with higher bandwidth. The other network parameters, namely network utilization and network throughput were also analysed. Based on the investigation, it is recommended that the 100 BaseT communication link is suitable for the smart meter network. The outcome of this paper provided a guideline to the future smart meter network developer so as to avoid catastrophic challenges faced by some of the distribution companies.

Sparse Adversarial Learning for FDIA Attack Sample Generation in Distributed Smart

False data injection attack(FDIA)is an attack that affects the stability of grid cyber-physical system(GCPS)by evading the detecting mechanism of bad data.Existing FDIA detection methods usually employ complex neural networkmodels to detect FDIA attacks.However,they overlook the fact that FDIA attack samples at public-private network edges are extremely sparse,making it difficult for neural network models to obtain sufficient samples to construct a robust detection model.To address this problem,this paper designs an efficient sample generative adversarial model of FDIA attack in public-private network edge,which can effectively bypass the detectionmodel to threaten the power grid system.A generative adversarial network(GAN)framework is first constructed by combining residual networks(ResNet)with fully connected networks(FCN).Then,a sparse adversarial learning model is built by integrating the time-aligned data and normal data,which is used to learn the distribution characteristics between normal data and attack data through iterative confrontation.Furthermore,we introduce a Gaussian hybrid distributionmatrix by aggregating the network structure of attack data characteristics and normal data characteristics,which can connect and calculate FDIA data with normal characteristics.Finally,efficient FDIA attack samples can be sequentially generated through interactive adversarial learning.Extensive simulation experiments are conducted with IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 118-bus system data,and the results demonstrate that the generated attack samples of the proposed model can present superior performance compared to state-of-the-art models in terms of attack strength,robustness,and covert capability.

A reliable opportunistic routing for smart grid with in-home power line communication networks

The topology of in-home power line communication(PLC) networks varies frequently, which makes traditional routing algorithms failure. To solve this problem, an end-to-end transmission time for remaining path(TTRP) metric-based opportunistic routing(TTRPOR) is proposed. Since a local broadcasting scheme is adopted, the algorithm can find the optimal path for forwarding packets in a dynamic PLC network. The closed-form of the outage probability for a PLC channel is derived to estimate the TTRP. It is proved that the average throughput can achieve maximum as the metric TTRP is utilized to sort candidate forwarding nodes.Numerical results show that the end-to-end throughput of networks with TTRPOR, outperforms that of the network adopting DSR and EXOR, especially for the case of varying-topology in-home PLC networks.

Research and application of wireless sensor network technology in power transmission and distribution system

Power is an important part of the energy industry,relating to national economy and people’s livelihood,and it is of great significance to ensure the security and stability in operation of power transmission and distribution system.Based on Wireless Sensor Network technology(WSN)and combined with the monitoring and operating requirements of power transmission and distribution system,this paper puts forward an application system for monitoring,inspection,security,and interactive service of layered power transmission and distribution system.Furthermore,this paper demonstrates the system verification projects in Wuxi,Jiangsu Province and Lianxiangyuan Community in Beijing,which have been widely used nationwide.

Exploiting the Cellular Infrastructure for Data Transmission in Smart Metering Systems

To implement the access and backhaul networks for Smart Metering (SM) systems various technologies are combined with the existing communications infrastructure. This paper deals with data transmission in SM systems, focusing on how the existing cellular networks infrastructure is employed to implement SM access communication networks. The analysis aims at analyzing the role of the cellular communications infrastructure taking into account the spatial distribution and installation points of the smart meters, the urban and topological characteristics of the SM deployment areas and the common practice so far followed by the utilities. It is demonstrated that cellular communications, either exclusively or combined with power line communications, enable immediate and scalable deployment of SM access communication networks at low installation cost, thus constituting the basic option for the implementation of smart metering.

基于智能电表数据的低压配电网拓扑与线路参数联合辨识

在低压配电网中,用户频繁地扩建和改接导致台账存在信息更新滞后、数据缺失等问题,难以获取当前运行状态下的拓扑及线路参数。针对无相角量测信息且含未知数量零注入功率“隐节点”的低压配电网,提出一种基于智能电表数据的低压配电网拓扑与线路参数联合辨识方法。基于低压配电网的电气特性以及辐射状网络的结构特点,推导出一种功率-电压比形式的线性逆潮流模型。通过线性回归求解得到阻抗距离矩阵,再利用无判定阈值形式的改进分组递归算法实现拓扑与线路参数的联合辨识。最后,在IEEE欧洲低压测试馈线和中国南京市某地区的实际低压配电网中对所提算法进行数值仿真,验证了所提算法的有效性。

基于智能配电变压器的格状化配电系统及其协调控制

大量分布式光伏电源的接入为配电系统的安全、经济运行带来了巨大挑战。针对配电系统线路损耗和电能质量问题,提出一种基于智能配电变压器的格状化配电系统架构。综合配电系统源-荷之间的功率关系与电能质量综合治理,构建格状化配电系统协调控制策略。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink中建立双节点系统模型进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明,所提格状化配电系统架构相较于其他传统架构降低了系统功率损耗、实现了电能质量治理功能。

电网智能调度技术支持平台中的主配网协同研究

在当前电网负荷过大、区域电网数量增多的背景下,为了广泛并且有效地改善电能质量,为电力公司以及企业的供电提供一定的可靠度,首先对当前电网智能调度技术支持平台的现实需要与指标规范等进行了关注,然后以主配网协同为核心,针对智能调度技术平台进行研究设计,并对其性能进行测试。结果显示,研究设计的电网智能调度技术支持平台各项性能指标良好,可以进行实际应用。该系统平台的应用将会提高配电质量和效率,使得主配网能够很好地相互协调。基于主配网协同研究设计的电网智能调度系统平台有比较好的实际应用效果,可以为今后的电网技术改进以及智能电网系统平台设计提供一定的参考。

考虑平衡端点相位不对称及光伏接入的低压配电网三相潮流模型

考虑到光伏逆变电源接入低压配电网的多样接入方式和复杂控制策略,建立了光伏逆变电源的三相电压与功率相对于中性点的控制模型。在此基础上,进一步提出了一个综合考量平衡端点相位不对称性以及光伏逆变电源接入因素的低压配电网三相潮流计算模型。为了验证该模型的有效性和准确性,在经过修正的IEEE 13节点测试系统上进行了仿真实验。仿真结果表明:所构建的模型能够精确、高效地计算包含光伏逆变电源在内的低压配电网三相潮流,为低压配电网的规划与运行提供了有力的理论支持和技术手段。

Challenges and R&D opportunities of smart distribution grids in China

In this paper,5 investigations on the current states of power distribution grids in China have been introduced that cover the surveys of the practical distribution asset utilization,the simultaneity factor of feeder loading,the load compositions and characteristics,the urban reliability and the integration of distributed generations of renewable resources.Based on the survey results in the investigations,12 Facts are clearly presented.It shows that the challenges to modernize the distribution grids in China are to improve the asset utilization rates,the electricity efficiencies and the reliability of distribution systems,as well as to integrate increasing amount of variable distributed renewable resources.Furthermore based on the challenges,8 R&D opportunities have been identified.

Distribution Management Systems for Smart Grid:Architecture,Work Flows,and Interoperability

The smart grid integrates advanced sensors,a two-way communication infrastructure,and high-performance computation-based control.The distribution management systems for smart grid include several functions for manipulating legacy voltage control devices and distributed energy resources through closed-loop volt/var control,leading to wide-area regulation of voltages in the presence of fluctuating power.The other primary distribution network analysis application is concerned with automatic fault location and service restoration following fault events,aiming to provide the grid with autonomous intelligence for self-healing.Communication technologies are vital to enable the computing applications of distribution networks,whether they work in centralized or distributed modes.This paper presents the state of the art in distribution management system architectures and modern workflows showing data exchange,practical parallel implementations designed to handle large amounts of data,in addition to communication standards that serve as interoperability enablers.It demystifies the relationship between different functions developed independently by power system researchers and shows their operation as a complete system,thus placing them in a better context for future research and development.

配用电物联网的异构无线网络终端接入策略

论文提出了一种面向配用电物联网(PD-IoT)的异构无线通信网络最佳适配性动态接入策略。首先,引入网络属性效用函数,并基于聚合效用建立量化PD-IoT业务终端与无线网络适配性的评价模型;其次,综合考虑PD-IoT业务通信需求和通信网络性能来完成业务终端对各网络属性的动态定权;再次,引入网络切换控制机制以确保终端与无线网络间可靠的通信连接和通信质量;最后,通过案例仿真验证了论文异构网络接入选择策略的有效性。

Deployment of wireless sensor network in dispersed renewable energy sources for increasing efficiency of power distribution networks

In this work,a novel performance analysis method for evaluating the robustness of emerging power distribution networks(PDNs),which involve deployable renewable energy sources,is proposed.This is realized with the aid of the outage probability(OP)criterion in the context of cooperative communications,which is widely considered in modern wireless communication systems.The main usefulness of this method is that it allows the involved components to communicate to each-other by means of a robust and flexible wireless sensor network architecture.In this context,any conventional medium voltage(MV)bus of the PDN is represented as a wireless relay node where data signals gathered from each MV bus can be forwarded reliably to a control station for the subsequent processing.The received signals at wireless nodes are decoded and then forwarded to ensure minimal errors and maximal robustness at the receiving site.The considered OP analysis denotes the probability that the power of a received information signal drops below a pre-defined threshold which satisfies the acceptable Quality of Service requirements of a reliable signal reception.To this end,simple closed-form expressions are proposed for the OP of a regenerative cooperative-based PDN in the presence of various multipath fading effects,which degrade information signals during wireless transmission.The offered results are rather simple and provide meaningful insights for the design and deployment of smart grid systems.

基于物联网技术的配电网智能监控与故障诊断研究

随着智能电网技术的发展,物联网技术越来越广泛地应用于配电网。基于物联网技术研究了配电网智能监控和故障诊断方法,以提升配电网运行的可靠性和稳定性。通过阐述物联网技术架构,详细探讨物联网技术在部署配电网监控系统、实时故障检测与报警、故障定位与隔离、故障恢复与重构等方面的应用,并通过实验设计,验证所提方法的有效性,旨在为智能电网发展提供坚实技术支撑。

智能配电系统的通信网络建模与性能分析

由于我国的综合能源系统(IES)迅速发展,智能配电系统(SPDS)中集成了越来越多的先进设备和组件,伴随而来的是多样化的信息交互、海量的复杂数据、先进的智能设备使用所带来的技术挑战,因而如何可以在有限的通信网络资源内满足各种应用需求成为一个关键的问题。首先分析了在智能配电系统中的各类应用对于系统通信网络的性能要求,然后介绍了一种基于物联网技术的通信网络架构,并描述了其在智能配电系统中的应用和服务质量QoS要求。进一步地,基于排队论的带宽模型提出了一种考虑QoS的数据采集应用的预测带宽方法。最后,考虑三种典型智能配电站应用场景对网络性能进行分析,通过OPNET仿真,证明所提方法具有合理性与有效性。