The global Electricity Sector and its customers are faced with a number of challenges that are unparalleled since the advent of widespread electrification. Challenges including climate change, escalating energy prices...The global Electricity Sector and its customers are faced with a number of challenges that are unparalleled since the advent of widespread electrification. Challenges including climate change, escalating energy prices, energy security and energy efficiency are converging to drive fundamental change in the way energy is produced, delivered and utilized. The electricity system of the future must produce and distribute electricity that is reliable, affordable and clean. To accomplish these goals, both the electricity grid and the existing regulatory system must be smarter. This paper explores smart grid technologies, distributed generation systems, R & D efforts across Europe and the United States, and technical, economical and regulatory barriers facing modern utilities.展开更多
The electricity situation in Nigeria can be described as epileptic with no sign in view of improvement. This epileptic power situation affects the manufacturing, service and residential sectors of the economy which in...The electricity situation in Nigeria can be described as epileptic with no sign in view of improvement. This epileptic power situation affects the manufacturing, service and residential sectors of the economy which in turn affects the country’s economic growth. Even with the recent reforms in the power sector, more than half of the country’s population still lack access to electricity. The epileptic condition of the power sector can be attributed to the inadequate and inefficient power plants, poor transmission and distribution facilities, and outdated metering system used by electricity consumers. This paper attempts to present the way forward for the Nigerian poor electricity situation by reviewing the power sector as a whole and the renewable energy potentials. We identified the problems in the national grid and then proposed a smart grid model for the Nigerian power sector which will include renewable energy source. We believe that the content of this review paper will solve the poor epileptic condition of the power sector in Nigeria and also enable the proper integration of smart grid technology into the national grid.展开更多
研究梳理了国内外水务行业应用人工智能(AI)的研究进展,重点关注了中国和其他国家水务行业人工智能应用的范围,并探究了未来人工智能在本领域的发展潜力。使用文献计量学方法,以中国知网和Web of Science数据库中2003年—2023年的研究...研究梳理了国内外水务行业应用人工智能(AI)的研究进展,重点关注了中国和其他国家水务行业人工智能应用的范围,并探究了未来人工智能在本领域的发展潜力。使用文献计量学方法,以中国知网和Web of Science数据库中2003年—2023年的研究作为数据来源,基于Cite Space软件的数据分析结果,对水务行业人工智能的研究热点、发展历程和研究趋势进行可视化分析。通过国内外发展历程的对比分析,表明我国水务行业人工智能起步与国外接近,但研究侧重点有所不同,国内研究偏向于智慧水务的整体解决方案,主要目的是降本增效,对于以提高污染物去除率和提高水处理效率等核心技术的渗透略浅于国外研究;聚类分析发现国内对于人工智能的研究主要分为智慧水务与数字孪生、优化调度与资源回收、处理技术提升与机理研究,相较于国外,针对具体水处理技术的算法优化与改进的研究略少。传统水务行业必将成为集化学、生物、计算机等多学科的交叉领域,利用人工智能合成环保材料、设计绿色工艺将成为未来国内外的主流研究方向。展开更多
为避免大量温室气体排放导致的剧烈气候变化给全球发展带来难以估量的破坏性影响,当今世界的大部分国家正迅速提升其能源生产中可再生资源的比重,以加速能源转型并实现在21世纪中叶达成碳中和的承诺。然而,旧有的能源系统在形成之初并...为避免大量温室气体排放导致的剧烈气候变化给全球发展带来难以估量的破坏性影响,当今世界的大部分国家正迅速提升其能源生产中可再生资源的比重,以加速能源转型并实现在21世纪中叶达成碳中和的承诺。然而,旧有的能源系统在形成之初并未考虑对可再生资源的大规模融合,因此在面对此类资源具有的间歇、波动与随机等特性时,其往往较为脆弱。基于对既往智能电网技术和德国提出的能源利用多板块耦合技术进展的总结,同时考虑到大规模地下储能的潜力和基于人工智能的监控、分析和预测的广泛应用,作者提出了一种基于智能多板块耦合的清洁能源系统(clean energy systems based on smart sector coupling,ENSYSCO)的面向未来的综合能源架构。首先,ENSYSCO架构通过对电力多元转换/逆转技术(power-to-X-to-power)的应用将能源的生产、消费和存储3大板块紧密耦合在一起。大规模地下储能的引入在大幅提升系统冗余度及灵活性的同时,也令所在国家或地区获得了更加充沛且稳定的能源储备。其次,未来能源系统中出现的各种功能复合体会导致更复杂的供需关系,同时也迫切需要与之适配的多元运输网络。物理与数据混合驱动的轻量化人工智能方法既赋予管理系统强大分析、决策和反馈能力,也令整个系统的运转更高效、坚固且节能。最后,ENSYSCO架构中以地下抽水蓄能为代表的大多数技术都已足够成熟,并且可以立即投入工业化应用。对可再生增强型地热系统和人工智能管理系统的进一步研究,将有助于ENSYSCO架构推动中国更快、更好地实现碳中和目标。展开更多
In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainability of livelihoods dependent on water and agriculture, increased food production will have to be done in the face of a c...In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainability of livelihoods dependent on water and agriculture, increased food production will have to be done in the face of a changing climate and climate variability. There is a need to make optimal use of the available water resource to maximize productivity. Climate-smart irrigation is aimed at increasing per unit production and income from irrigated cropping systems without having negative impacts on the environment or other water users and uses. This paper developed a water allocation model using Genetic Algorithm to equitably allocation available water to the various sectors in Kano River Irrigation Scheme yielding an optimal as well as equitable water release with a 96.44% demand met. An average relative supply of 0.94 was obtained indicating the there was even supply of water to all the sectors. The model is robust and relatively easy to apply and can be employed by farm managers to achieve equity and optimal use of the available water resource.展开更多
文摘The global Electricity Sector and its customers are faced with a number of challenges that are unparalleled since the advent of widespread electrification. Challenges including climate change, escalating energy prices, energy security and energy efficiency are converging to drive fundamental change in the way energy is produced, delivered and utilized. The electricity system of the future must produce and distribute electricity that is reliable, affordable and clean. To accomplish these goals, both the electricity grid and the existing regulatory system must be smarter. This paper explores smart grid technologies, distributed generation systems, R & D efforts across Europe and the United States, and technical, economical and regulatory barriers facing modern utilities.
文摘The electricity situation in Nigeria can be described as epileptic with no sign in view of improvement. This epileptic power situation affects the manufacturing, service and residential sectors of the economy which in turn affects the country’s economic growth. Even with the recent reforms in the power sector, more than half of the country’s population still lack access to electricity. The epileptic condition of the power sector can be attributed to the inadequate and inefficient power plants, poor transmission and distribution facilities, and outdated metering system used by electricity consumers. This paper attempts to present the way forward for the Nigerian poor electricity situation by reviewing the power sector as a whole and the renewable energy potentials. We identified the problems in the national grid and then proposed a smart grid model for the Nigerian power sector which will include renewable energy source. We believe that the content of this review paper will solve the poor epileptic condition of the power sector in Nigeria and also enable the proper integration of smart grid technology into the national grid.
文摘研究梳理了国内外水务行业应用人工智能(AI)的研究进展,重点关注了中国和其他国家水务行业人工智能应用的范围,并探究了未来人工智能在本领域的发展潜力。使用文献计量学方法,以中国知网和Web of Science数据库中2003年—2023年的研究作为数据来源,基于Cite Space软件的数据分析结果,对水务行业人工智能的研究热点、发展历程和研究趋势进行可视化分析。通过国内外发展历程的对比分析,表明我国水务行业人工智能起步与国外接近,但研究侧重点有所不同,国内研究偏向于智慧水务的整体解决方案,主要目的是降本增效,对于以提高污染物去除率和提高水处理效率等核心技术的渗透略浅于国外研究;聚类分析发现国内对于人工智能的研究主要分为智慧水务与数字孪生、优化调度与资源回收、处理技术提升与机理研究,相较于国外,针对具体水处理技术的算法优化与改进的研究略少。传统水务行业必将成为集化学、生物、计算机等多学科的交叉领域,利用人工智能合成环保材料、设计绿色工艺将成为未来国内外的主流研究方向。
文摘为避免大量温室气体排放导致的剧烈气候变化给全球发展带来难以估量的破坏性影响,当今世界的大部分国家正迅速提升其能源生产中可再生资源的比重,以加速能源转型并实现在21世纪中叶达成碳中和的承诺。然而,旧有的能源系统在形成之初并未考虑对可再生资源的大规模融合,因此在面对此类资源具有的间歇、波动与随机等特性时,其往往较为脆弱。基于对既往智能电网技术和德国提出的能源利用多板块耦合技术进展的总结,同时考虑到大规模地下储能的潜力和基于人工智能的监控、分析和预测的广泛应用,作者提出了一种基于智能多板块耦合的清洁能源系统(clean energy systems based on smart sector coupling,ENSYSCO)的面向未来的综合能源架构。首先,ENSYSCO架构通过对电力多元转换/逆转技术(power-to-X-to-power)的应用将能源的生产、消费和存储3大板块紧密耦合在一起。大规模地下储能的引入在大幅提升系统冗余度及灵活性的同时,也令所在国家或地区获得了更加充沛且稳定的能源储备。其次,未来能源系统中出现的各种功能复合体会导致更复杂的供需关系,同时也迫切需要与之适配的多元运输网络。物理与数据混合驱动的轻量化人工智能方法既赋予管理系统强大分析、决策和反馈能力,也令整个系统的运转更高效、坚固且节能。最后,ENSYSCO架构中以地下抽水蓄能为代表的大多数技术都已足够成熟,并且可以立即投入工业化应用。对可再生增强型地热系统和人工智能管理系统的进一步研究,将有助于ENSYSCO架构推动中国更快、更好地实现碳中和目标。
文摘In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainability of livelihoods dependent on water and agriculture, increased food production will have to be done in the face of a changing climate and climate variability. There is a need to make optimal use of the available water resource to maximize productivity. Climate-smart irrigation is aimed at increasing per unit production and income from irrigated cropping systems without having negative impacts on the environment or other water users and uses. This paper developed a water allocation model using Genetic Algorithm to equitably allocation available water to the various sectors in Kano River Irrigation Scheme yielding an optimal as well as equitable water release with a 96.44% demand met. An average relative supply of 0.94 was obtained indicating the there was even supply of water to all the sectors. The model is robust and relatively easy to apply and can be employed by farm managers to achieve equity and optimal use of the available water resource.
