Social Classes and Cultural Connotations of Yangzhou Home Gardens during the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

During the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China(1870-1930),the social classes in Yangzhou were basically dominated by officials,businessmen,and scholars.In the building number,scale,and functional evolution of their home gardens,these three classes were different,reflecting abundant connotation of characteristic of the time and regional culture,revealing the inheritance path of Yangzhou culture,as well as the richness and diversity of home gardens in Yangzhou during the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China.

Observing Social Classes of Britain through The Up Series

We are acquainted with this saying:Every one is equal,but in Britain,there are different social classes.People from dif⁃ferent social classes in Britain are different in many aspects.The Up Series is a series of documentary films produced by Granada Television for ITV that have followed the lives of fourteen British children since 1964,when they were seven years old.So far the documentary has had eight episodes spanning 49 years(one episode every seven years)all of which were broadcast on ITV,apart from the 6th episode which was broadcast on BBC One[1].This article introduced the background information of this series,made comparisons among different children in this series,and it came into 3 conclusions.

Higher Education Admission Policy and Social Class of Ethnic Minority:The Case of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China

Gaokao has been considered as the gatekeeper of intergenerational class reproduction in today’s slowing social mobility in China.In order to bolster the fairness of Gaokao,the Policy of Bonus Scores for Ethnic Minority Candidates(PBSEMC)has been issued,whose,however,effectiveness in promoting upward social class has not been adequately empirically explored.The difference-in-differences(DID)analysis based on cross-sectional data,which is distinct from the traditional DID analysis paradigm,was implemented to assess the Reform of PBSEMC in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 1988.The results showed that PBSEMC had a significant and positive impact on the social classes of ethnic minorities,and gender,residence type and occupation type were also relevant to social class,aligning with the previous literature.The PBSEMC is effective in improving the social classes of ethnic minorities.However,the PBSEMC policy should be made more precise,in order to benefit the candidates who are in genuine need of assistance.

A Multimodal Analysis of Social Class in College English Textbook

As a required course at higher education level,English has permeated the everyday life of Chinese students from all so-cial backgrounds.Social class,deciding one’s access to various social and educational recourses,has a great influence on thelearning process of college students inside and outside the classroom.However,few studies have placed their focus on social classand college English textbooks.Thus,this paper attempts to adopt a multimodal analysis to find how the speaking tasks in collegeEnglish textbook represents the social identity of Chinese college students and to offer pedagogic implications.

On the Presentation of Social Class Difference in The Garden Party in terms of its Narrative Style and Settings Description

Katherine Mansfield was a predominant modernist writer who had written the well-known short story The Garden Party, which explicitly interprets the idea of social class difference between the upper class and the working class. This paper discusses its presentation of social class difference from two aspects, including the narrative style and the settings.

Agnes Grey:A Cultural and Educational Critique

The aim of this study is to have an analysis of the plot and the characters in the novel,Agnes Grey,in terms of the perspectives of education and culture.Anne Brontë’s first novel focuses on the life of Agnes,who is a young governess living in the Victorian era.In the novel,the narrative shows a period of time in English literature,when industrialization has a significant impact on the aspects such as social life and education,in a way in which women experienced many kinds of struggles for holding on to their lives and reaching their dreams.Agnes Grey,the main character of the novel,came from a middle-class family.She lived to tell the adventures of starting her career as a governess,and the difficulties she experienced.It didn’t take long for Agnes,who started her first experience with the Bloomfield family,to face the rich upper-class culture and see the difficulties in educating children from another social class.The Murray family,with whom she stayed for a longer time,was the place where Agnes gained expression that extended into the adulthood.Agnes’teaching shows not only a kind of class struggle,but also a balance between the dialectical poles of the ideal and the reality.Agnes returned,in her adulthood,to her family with her teaching experiences.By keeping a concept of love in her mind,Agnes would be able to have the sense of reality in which culture and education came to offer.

Consciousness Field Theory and Antihuman Psychology

Against behaviorism,humanism,and cognitive psychology,this work explores Mocombe’s antihuman psychology as a product of his consciousness field theory.The paper critically assesses Mocombe’s consciousness field theory within the larger body of contemporary ontological debates regarding the nature,origin,and constitution of consciousness,especially human consciousness,vis-à-vis their relations to the psychological theories of behaviorism,humanism,and cognitivism,concluding that consciousness field theory posits an alternative psychological theory of the mind,i.e.,antihuman psychology,to behaviorist,humanist,and cognitivist conceptions of the mind.

Gede and Homosexuality

This article argues that the Haitian Vodou spirits(lwas)of fertility and death,Gede,do not promote homosexuality or the fluidity of sexuality in Haitian culture.The latter position is a Western reading of Gede grounded in postmodern and post-structural identity theorizing.Gede in Haitian ontology and epistemology is lwas of fertility and death not sexual identity confusion or fluidity.

From the Consciousness Field to the Constitution of Society

This work explores the phenomenological structural basis of Mocombe’s consciousness field theory.The paper critically assesses Mocombe’s consciousness field theory within the larger body of contemporary ontological debates regarding the nature,origin,and constitution of consciousness in the universe.The work goes on to highlight how human consciousness and society are constituted from Mocombe’s consciousness field to societal social structure,which Mocombe calls social class language game.

The Tragic Marriage of the Morel Couple in Sons and Lovers

In Sons and Lovers,one of William Faulkner's most famous novels,the marriage between Walter Morel and Gertrude Coppard was inarguably a tragic one.However,as for the reason,it was not explicitly represented in the novel.This paper attempts to delve into the reason of this failed marriage and put forward an argument that this failure could be attributed to the conflict between sex and social class with the help of the theory of dominance and subordinance put forward by Kate Millett.

Mocombeian Nominalism

This article attempts to outline Paul C.Mocombe’s nominalism as highlighted in his theory of phenomenological structuralism(PS).Mocombe posits that the human mind or consciousness is presented with brute facts and things of the multiverse,which it attempts to reify and universalize through concepts of language and mathematics.So,the facts and things of the world exist irrespective of the human mind,which simply highlights and categorizes them in order to experience being-in-the-world with others and things they encounter.

Marriage Choices in Contemporary Italy.Couples’Places of Meeting Between Individualization and Structural Determinants

This article focuses on the study of the places where spouses first met in contemporary Italy.Using data provided by the nationally representative survey“Family,Social Subjects and the Life Cycle”,carried out in 2016 by Italian National Institute of Statistics(Istat)and made available in 2020,the article investigates trends in couples’places of meeting and the relation between contexts of meeting and structural determinants such as social class and territorial affiliation.The results support the idea that even in contemporary societies partner’s choice is shaped by a set of social and cultural constraints and is not solely the result of personal preferences inspired by the ideal of romantic love.

A Psychological Analysis on the Characterization of Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice

Elizabeth,the heroine in Pride and Prejudice is generally considered to be an independent and subversive woman,who seeks her happiness regardless of the social class.This paper tries to prove Elizabeth is the dependent of the upper class based on the psychological approach.

An Analysis on Viewpoint of American Freedom

This paper is focused on the book The Story of American Freedom written by Eric Foner to make an analysis. It pays an attention to the understanding of the development of American freedom from the different social classes, especially from the lower class. In this book, it tells us a kind of freedom which is different from the mainstream ideology. That freedom is expected by the lower class, but often forgotten by most people. It is a relatively complete story about American freedom.