Aim: We developed a scale to measure the social activities of community-dwelling older men requiring support. Methods: The participants were a group of 134 men, ≥65 years old, who required support and were living in ...Aim: We developed a scale to measure the social activities of community-dwelling older men requiring support. Methods: The participants were a group of 134 men, ≥65 years old, who required support and were living in Hokkaido, Japan. An anonymous questionnaire was administered through individual interviews. Valid responses were obtained from 121/134 interviewees. The construct validity of the resulting scale was assessed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Criterion-related validity was tested with Spearman’s rank correlation test based on the Social Activities Index for Elderly People (SAI-E). Reliability was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha. Results: A Social Activities Scale for Community-dwelling Older Men Requiring Support (SASOMS) scale was created, comprised of the following three subscales: daily interactions with familiar people;intimate relationships with family members;and interactions with others through activity programs (e.g., exercise, games, recreation, etc.). The created SASOMS scale correlated with the SAI-E (r = 0.557), and its criterion-related validity was confirmed. The alpha coefficient of the new scale was 0.791, and its internal consistency was confirmed. Conclusions: The reliability and validity of the developed SASOMS scale was confirmed, demonstrating that it can be used to assess social activities specifically in older men requiring support. Our results suggest that the scale can be used effectively by care providers who support older men requiring care. The usability of the SASOMS should continue to be improved, and it is necessary to verify its validity in longitudinal studies.展开更多
In 1998, facing the complicated and severe domestic and internationaleconomic environment, people of all nationalities, under the correct lead-ership of the Central Party Committee and the State Council, implement-ed ...In 1998, facing the complicated and severe domestic and internationaleconomic environment, people of all nationalities, under the correct lead-ership of the Central Party Committee and the State Council, implement-ed a series of policies aiming at increasing input and expanding domesticdemand. Difficulties brought about by the Asian financial crisis and dev-astating flooding were overcome, various reforms were further deepened,and economic growth was promoted, resulting in great achievements at-tracting worldwide attention.展开更多
China has achieved new progress in education and has made headway in reform of the management system of higher education.In 1996。there were 1。032 universities and colleges and 1,138 institutions of higher learn-ing ...China has achieved new progress in education and has made headway in reform of the management system of higher education.In 1996。there were 1。032 universities and colleges and 1,138 institutions of higher learn-ing for adult education,22 and 18 fewer respectively than in 1995 due to read justment.展开更多
This paper summarizes the basic situation of the wind power development in China in 2008,and carries out a brief analysis of the proportion of the nationwide wind power to the global wind sector as well as to the tota...This paper summarizes the basic situation of the wind power development in China in 2008,and carries out a brief analysis of the proportion of the nationwide wind power to the global wind sector as well as to the total installed capacity in the country. By reviewing the remarkable achievements in China's wind power development since the enforcement of the Renewable Energy Act of the People's Republic of China,some issues concerning the policy effect and wind power development are touched on.展开更多
1. The present manufacturing situation of China’s thermal power generation equipment By the year 1995. development of China’s electric power industry has experienced a course of a hundred years. Over a period of the...1. The present manufacturing situation of China’s thermal power generation equipment By the year 1995. development of China’s electric power industry has experienced a course of a hundred years. Over a period of the initial 50 years. China’s development of electric power was slow. At the time of 1949, the total installed capacity in China was 1,850 MW and the electricity generated was only 4.3 billion kWh. During the past 46 years after 1949, her展开更多
In light of China s Ninth Five-year Plan (1996-2000) for Electric Power Industry & the Long Term Targets by the Year 2010, the paper considers the strategy for developing China’s thermal power in the 21st century...In light of China s Ninth Five-year Plan (1996-2000) for Electric Power Industry & the Long Term Targets by the Year 2010, the paper considers the strategy for developing China’s thermal power in the 21st century shall be the efficiency and cleaning technology of coal use. Especially important is the structure of power sources and configuration of technology process, and secondly the implementation of energy saving and environmental protection ideology in the various stages of thermal power construction and design work.展开更多
China＇s mainstream human rights theory has undergone tremendous changes since the reform-and-opening scheme was kicked off in the early 1980s. ＂Human rights,＂ which used to be seen as a concept of capitalist ideolo...China＇s mainstream human rights theory has undergone tremendous changes since the reform-and-opening scheme was kicked off in the early 1980s. ＂Human rights,＂ which used to be seen as a concept of capitalist ideology, is now an important part of the Chinese system of socialist values.展开更多
I Since 1990, as a person in charge of key research projects of the China Tibetology Research Center, I have had opportunities almost every year to conduct field surveys on anthropology in Tibet together with my colle...I Since 1990, as a person in charge of key research projects of the China Tibetology Research Center, I have had opportunities almost every year to conduct field surveys on anthropology in Tibet together with my colleagues. Our investigations focus on the family. The purpose of our surveys is to see social changes in Tibet during the 50 years after the Democratic Reform through the study of the family as a social cell.展开更多
Economic issue is the very focus of China's wind power development.Although all the security problems can be dealt with through technical measures,the compensation for supportive thermal power units and the subsid...Economic issue is the very focus of China's wind power development.Although all the security problems can be dealt with through technical measures,the compensation for supportive thermal power units and the subsidy from economically developed regions to resource-outputting regions would require a higher level of strategic considerations.The core purpose of developing wind energy is to reduce pollutant emissions,so planners should take into account the overall cost of all sides,without touching the bottom of social affordability.展开更多
Naipaul＇s novel A bend in the river illustrates the social confusion and people＇s destitution and wasting time in African countries after their national independence. An important reason is the president＇s self-pub...Naipaul＇s novel A bend in the river illustrates the social confusion and people＇s destitution and wasting time in African countries after their national independence. An important reason is the president＇s self-publicity, tyrannical hess and destructiveness. Whereas the author＇s subjective suspicion is visible in democratic development of African countries. Indeed, in a country development, it is quite necessary to depend on its citizen, observing public feelings; controlling a state with science; benefiting citizen; utilizing resources; constructing homestead, intending creation with a harmonious and stable way.展开更多
This paper contrasts Military Power of the People＇s Republic of China from the year of 2000 to 2009 and Military and Security Developments Involving People＇s Republic of China from the year 2010 to 2013 with corpus ...This paper contrasts Military Power of the People＇s Republic of China from the year of 2000 to 2009 and Military and Security Developments Involving People＇s Republic of China from the year 2010 to 2013 with corpus analysis. It distinguishes the new reports＇ differences from the old ones and tries to explore American＇s discourse colonization and discourse hegemony through corpus software WordSmith 5.0-Keywords and Concordance analysis of high frequency words. The significance of the study is that it enlightens military texts which will influence audiences＇ viewpoints and provides a new perspective for strategies replying American media war.展开更多
A potential global power transition characterized by emerging economies of BRICS where China is the likely leading contender against the United States as the only global hegemon seems inevitable.The increasingly multi...A potential global power transition characterized by emerging economies of BRICS where China is the likely leading contender against the United States as the only global hegemon seems inevitable.The increasingly multipolar world is evidenced by the attention given to right-wing populism in Europe and USA attributed to China’s aggressive approach to international trade through its stealth entry and subsequent investments in global political-economy.China’s presence in Africa and Trump’s America first policy’s attempt to open“new business frontiers”in emerging economies of Asia and Africa in order to contain Chinese influence and threat in global hegemony are interesting happenstances that require closer scrutiny.Kenya,the biggest economy in East Africa,which is among the fastest growing regions globally,is the gateway to the East African Common Market.Historically,Kenya has a policy of non-alignment in international relations making it possible to receive FDI from both China and the US but with highly contested elections.Therefore,Kenya presents a perfect laboratory for examining the emerging power-shift in global political-economy as the country grapples with traditionally chaotic electoral power transitions and the two biggest economies in the world compete for business in Nairobi.The 2017 elections not only betrayed the international community’s commitment to Western values of human rights and democracy,but also revealed the challenges of governance in post-World War II global liberalism characterized by sophisticated media institutional spaces.展开更多
文摘Aim: We developed a scale to measure the social activities of community-dwelling older men requiring support. Methods: The participants were a group of 134 men, ≥65 years old, who required support and were living in Hokkaido, Japan. An anonymous questionnaire was administered through individual interviews. Valid responses were obtained from 121/134 interviewees. The construct validity of the resulting scale was assessed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Criterion-related validity was tested with Spearman’s rank correlation test based on the Social Activities Index for Elderly People (SAI-E). Reliability was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha. Results: A Social Activities Scale for Community-dwelling Older Men Requiring Support (SASOMS) scale was created, comprised of the following three subscales: daily interactions with familiar people;intimate relationships with family members;and interactions with others through activity programs (e.g., exercise, games, recreation, etc.). The created SASOMS scale correlated with the SAI-E (r = 0.557), and its criterion-related validity was confirmed. The alpha coefficient of the new scale was 0.791, and its internal consistency was confirmed. Conclusions: The reliability and validity of the developed SASOMS scale was confirmed, demonstrating that it can be used to assess social activities specifically in older men requiring support. Our results suggest that the scale can be used effectively by care providers who support older men requiring care. The usability of the SASOMS should continue to be improved, and it is necessary to verify its validity in longitudinal studies.
文摘In 1998, facing the complicated and severe domestic and internationaleconomic environment, people of all nationalities, under the correct lead-ership of the Central Party Committee and the State Council, implement-ed a series of policies aiming at increasing input and expanding domesticdemand. Difficulties brought about by the Asian financial crisis and dev-astating flooding were overcome, various reforms were further deepened,and economic growth was promoted, resulting in great achievements at-tracting worldwide attention.
文摘China has achieved new progress in education and has made headway in reform of the management system of higher education.In 1996。there were 1。032 universities and colleges and 1,138 institutions of higher learn-ing for adult education,22 and 18 fewer respectively than in 1995 due to read justment.
文摘This paper summarizes the basic situation of the wind power development in China in 2008,and carries out a brief analysis of the proportion of the nationwide wind power to the global wind sector as well as to the total installed capacity in the country. By reviewing the remarkable achievements in China's wind power development since the enforcement of the Renewable Energy Act of the People's Republic of China,some issues concerning the policy effect and wind power development are touched on.
文摘1. The present manufacturing situation of China’s thermal power generation equipment By the year 1995. development of China’s electric power industry has experienced a course of a hundred years. Over a period of the initial 50 years. China’s development of electric power was slow. At the time of 1949, the total installed capacity in China was 1,850 MW and the electricity generated was only 4.3 billion kWh. During the past 46 years after 1949, her
文摘In light of China s Ninth Five-year Plan (1996-2000) for Electric Power Industry & the Long Term Targets by the Year 2010, the paper considers the strategy for developing China’s thermal power in the 21st century shall be the efficiency and cleaning technology of coal use. Especially important is the structure of power sources and configuration of technology process, and secondly the implementation of energy saving and environmental protection ideology in the various stages of thermal power construction and design work.
文摘China＇s mainstream human rights theory has undergone tremendous changes since the reform-and-opening scheme was kicked off in the early 1980s. ＂Human rights,＂ which used to be seen as a concept of capitalist ideology, is now an important part of the Chinese system of socialist values.
文摘I Since 1990, as a person in charge of key research projects of the China Tibetology Research Center, I have had opportunities almost every year to conduct field surveys on anthropology in Tibet together with my colleagues. Our investigations focus on the family. The purpose of our surveys is to see social changes in Tibet during the 50 years after the Democratic Reform through the study of the family as a social cell.
文摘Economic issue is the very focus of China's wind power development.Although all the security problems can be dealt with through technical measures,the compensation for supportive thermal power units and the subsidy from economically developed regions to resource-outputting regions would require a higher level of strategic considerations.The core purpose of developing wind energy is to reduce pollutant emissions,so planners should take into account the overall cost of all sides,without touching the bottom of social affordability.
文摘Naipaul＇s novel A bend in the river illustrates the social confusion and people＇s destitution and wasting time in African countries after their national independence. An important reason is the president＇s self-publicity, tyrannical hess and destructiveness. Whereas the author＇s subjective suspicion is visible in democratic development of African countries. Indeed, in a country development, it is quite necessary to depend on its citizen, observing public feelings; controlling a state with science; benefiting citizen; utilizing resources; constructing homestead, intending creation with a harmonious and stable way.
文摘This paper contrasts Military Power of the People＇s Republic of China from the year of 2000 to 2009 and Military and Security Developments Involving People＇s Republic of China from the year 2010 to 2013 with corpus analysis. It distinguishes the new reports＇ differences from the old ones and tries to explore American＇s discourse colonization and discourse hegemony through corpus software WordSmith 5.0-Keywords and Concordance analysis of high frequency words. The significance of the study is that it enlightens military texts which will influence audiences＇ viewpoints and provides a new perspective for strategies replying American media war.
文摘A potential global power transition characterized by emerging economies of BRICS where China is the likely leading contender against the United States as the only global hegemon seems inevitable.The increasingly multipolar world is evidenced by the attention given to right-wing populism in Europe and USA attributed to China’s aggressive approach to international trade through its stealth entry and subsequent investments in global political-economy.China’s presence in Africa and Trump’s America first policy’s attempt to open“new business frontiers”in emerging economies of Asia and Africa in order to contain Chinese influence and threat in global hegemony are interesting happenstances that require closer scrutiny.Kenya,the biggest economy in East Africa,which is among the fastest growing regions globally,is the gateway to the East African Common Market.Historically,Kenya has a policy of non-alignment in international relations making it possible to receive FDI from both China and the US but with highly contested elections.Therefore,Kenya presents a perfect laboratory for examining the emerging power-shift in global political-economy as the country grapples with traditionally chaotic electoral power transitions and the two biggest economies in the world compete for business in Nairobi.The 2017 elections not only betrayed the international community’s commitment to Western values of human rights and democracy,but also revealed the challenges of governance in post-World War II global liberalism characterized by sophisticated media institutional spaces.
