An Empirical Study of the Content Characteristics of Social Projects （According to In-depth Interviews）

This paper specifies substantial characteristics of social projects at the present stage of development of the Russian civil society. A social project is considered as a project system based on a set of measures of social orientation; has specific objectives; and is located in space and time-restricted. The sample data of 25 in-depth interviews with representatives of the business community, public authorities, and civil society institutions, all active participants in community development in the Voronezh administrative region served as an empirical basis for this paper. The analysis of respondents＇ views on the importance of social projects has enabled to define their descriptive and normative features. The main descriptive features include the following： overcoming specific urgent problems in a society; implementing state social policy; quantitative changes in the material life conditions of an individual or a social group; creating labor markets; implementing social innovations; two-way influence of the quality and quantity of social projects and the level of socio-economic structure （company, region, country）. Normative features include： encouraged development of state institutions; stability of the environment; balanced socio-economic development; formation of a community of reasonable individuals; development of human potential. Conclusions have been made about the nature, characteristics, and goals and objectives of social projects and their role in social and economic development of the region, spheres of social projects implementation significant for Russia, about active participants, success and failure factors of social projects, prospects and intensity of social engineering in the Voronezh administrative region and Russia as a whole. Soft systems methodology has been used for stating and structuring the empirical data. The results obtained have enabled to lay the foundation for finding the concepts and mechanisms to coordinate the participants in community development.

National Capacity for Good Governance:Why Has the Social Project for Poverty Eradication Been Successful?

The absolute poverty eliminated by China has been a chronic affliction of human society.In the course of modernization,China has completed the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects,thus embarking on a path of Chinese-style modernization that is committed to poverty eradication and common prosperity.Eradicating poverty and its root causes is a social project that transformed human society,creating a miracle on earth.The current and continuing success of this project lies in China’s unique national capacity for good governance,including its national capacity for mobilization,organization,transformation,development,and integration.This capacity is determined by the nature of the socialist system;the“sacred mission”of the Communist Party of China(CPC)provides it with inexhaustible impetus and a fundamental institutional guarantee.The national capacity for good governance is a specific manifestation of China’s institutional strengths.

Comprehensive Evaluation on Social Benefit of East Street Reconstruction Project

Through analysis on existing problems and rationality of East Street reconstruction project,its social benefit had been analyzed sysmatically and comprehensively from the aspects of social environment,natural environment and traffic safety environment.Furthermore,evaluation indexes of East Street reconstruction project had been established and weighting of each index had been identified by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Model had been founded through fuzzy synthetic evaluation method.Finally,scientific judgment was conducted on social benefit of East Street reconstruction project by applying established evaluation system.It demonstrated that East Street reconstruction project could bring great social benefit,so it should support this project.

Social and Economic Bene-fits of the West-East Gas Pipeline Project

On July 4 2002, a project attracting world attention, i.e., the West-East Gas Pipeline Project was declared in full-scale commencement. The project will write history with its enormous social and economic benefits.

Risk and Response of China Overseas Hydropower Projects--A Vision of Corporate Social Responsibility

Recent years, with the quickening of global economic integration and the rapid development of our country, more and more Chinese enterprises begin to implement internationalization strategy and actively develop overseas business. However, the internationalized process of Chinese enterprises is not progressing smoothly. The paper systematically analyzes the risks of China overseas hydropower projects from two aspects： international environment risks and internal risks of hydropower enterprises and points out that effectively fulfilling corporate social responsibility by using Guidance on Social Responsibility （ISO26000） could help Chinese hydropower enterprises to deal with overseas risks. In order to help Chinese hydropower enterprises to improve the CSR （Corporate Social Responsibility） implementation level, the paper integrates the characteristics of hydropower enterprises with the core subjects of ISO26000, examines the key problems on the CSR work of Chinese hydropower enterprises according to requirements of ISO26000 and puts forward effective advices.

How Project-Based Organizations Cultivate Learning in Projects: A Social-Constructivist Perspective

A growing number of studies are now emphasizing the critical importance of learning and knowledge accumulation for firm-level competitiveness. Despite the growing awareness, relatively fewer project-based firms have institutionalized mechanisms to systematically capture new project knowledge and re-use it to improve the execution of subsequent projects. The peculiarity of projects presents unique challenges that make the cognitive approach to learning difficult to implement. As such, researchers are recommending the social constructivist perspective of learning as the most viable strategy for cultivating learning within and across projects. However, scant work has been undertaken from this sociological perspective to analyze how temporary organizations manage knowledge arising from and relating to projects. From this standpoint, the aim of this paper is to discuss the learning mechanisms of construction firms. The study adopted a quantitative strategy by employing a questionnaire survey into the learning practices of construction projects in Ghana. Drawing on preliminary findings from the literature, the study proposes a model for cultivating learning within projects from the social constructivist viewpoint. In the model, project management practitioners can purposefully nurture or structure a project learning activity through four mechanisms viz.: institutionalization, externalization, socialization and internalization. The proposed model is subsequently validated in an empirical study into the learning practices during the implementation of construction projects in Ghana. Based on the empirical results, it seems that knowledge sharing and transfers through the four aforementioned learning mechanisms proposed by the model are highly regarded within project management practice in Ghana.

高校公共体育课引入Project Adventure的探讨

心理健康、社会适应能力健康、身体健康与道德健康一起构成了人类健康的共同要素。本研究通过文献资料调研、动态性现场实验等方法,对高校体育课程中运用Project Adventure体育教育模式的可行性和必要性进行了分析,试图将目前成功应用于社会培训业的Project Adventure引入高校,通过新的整合,以此来探索高校对大学生进行心理健康教育和社会适应能力培养的新途径,表明了高校引入Project Adventure的意义和内涵,并提出了高校开设体育Project Adventure课的实施对策。

Project Adventure体育课程模式对大学生社会适应能力的影响

针对我国大学生社会适应能力的现状,采用文献资料调研、动态性现场实验等方法,以大学生社会适应能力提高的有效途径与方法为研究对象,对高校体育课程中运用Project Adventure体育教育模式的可行性和必要性进行了分析,指出高校体育课程中Project Adventure体育教育模式是促进大学生社会适应能力较为有效的途径与方法,并提出了将Project Adventure体育教学模式作为高校体育课程开设的思路与对策。

差异性均衡:高职院校教育科研的目标取向与改革进路——对2018—2023年教育部人文社科教育学类项目的分析

对2018—2023年教育部人文社科教育学类立项项目进行统计分析后发现,高职院校教育学类科研项目的立项存在“均衡的缺失”这一明显问题。“差异性均衡”体现了均衡过程中的高质量、动态性、特色化、多维度内涵特征,契合高职院校教育科研高质量发展的要求,是高职院校教育科研发展的目标取向。推动高职院校教育科研走向差异性均衡,需要加大科研政策的支持保障,完善院校科研的运行机制,彰显学校及区域的特色优势,深化职业教育运行本质的理论研究,实施有引导、有组织、有特色、重理论的教育科研,最终推动高职院校教育科研高质量发展目标的实现。

社会许可的理论机制与实践逻辑——一个关于环境邻避项目的混合研究

社会许可是受项目影响地区的利益相关者对于该项目的持续接受和支持程度,如何在邻避项目中获得社会认可已成为困扰公共治理的重要难题。引发冲突的因素复杂多样。本文基于行为公共管理学的社会许可概念,将获得邻避项目的社会许可作为研究目标,从社会公平视角出发考察全过程人民民主理念在获得社会许可中的关键作用。基于B县垃圾焚烧项目案例和心理学实验(N=820)分析发现,作为全过程人民民主理念的重要维度,社会公平对于社会许可具有核心影响。具体而言,决策过程的程序公平和执行过程的分配公平均可助推社会许可,而政府信任和风险感知起到双重调节作用。研究还显示,公众获得感的增强是获得社会许可的长效机制。因此,社会公平需要和与之匹配的个体主观认知相辅相成,才能最终化解邻避冲突,实现社会许可。本研究为全过程人民民主理念提供了经验证据和数据支持。

The role of social resource of indigenous people in local ecological resource management in China: A preliminary case in Zhangye, Northwestern China

Social resources of indigenous people are valuable wealth, including the social norms, the relational network, belief, attitude as well as the social system which is accumulated from generation to generation. Those social resources are very important for local ecological resource management, which can help diffuseness and communion of skills and traditional conservation techniques for conserving and restoring the ecological sites. Social capital is one indicator of social resources, which is accepted widely. In order to investigate the role of social resources of indigenous people in local ecological resource management, the authors studied the relation between social capital of indigenous people and local ecological resource management, taking Zhangye City as an exam-ple. In this paper, social capital of indigenous people is quantified by constructing social capital index, composed of structural so-cial capital and cognitive social capital; local ecological resource management is quantified by constructing 'Grain for Green Pro-ject' performance index. Based on correlation analysis approach and logistic regression analysis approach, the authors analyzed the relation between social capital and 'Grain for Green Project' performance index, as well as the relations between 'Grain for Green Project' performance index and other factors such as per capita net income, medical treatment and so on. Results showed that the correlation between social capital and 'Grain for Green Project' performance index was positive, the coefficient was 0.761, with P<0.01. An increase of 1 unit in social capital is associated with an increase of 1.550 units in 'Grain for Green Project' per-formance. With factor, such as faction, per capita net income, medical treatment, increasing 1 unit, the 'Grain for Green Project' performance index will increase 3.912, 1.039 and 1.005 units, respectively.

诉求统筹下城中村改造利益相关者协同治理——以天津市北辰区改造项目为例

利益相关者协同治理是推动城中村改造项目顺利高效实施的关键,但改造实践中各阶段利益相关者关系及利益诉求错综复杂。以天津市北辰区改造项目为例,采用社会网络分析方法,系统、全面地分析项目各阶段利益相关者关系及其诉求的网络特征、演化规律。结果表明,拆迁安置补偿阶段利益相关者利益诉求协调难度最高;同一利益主体在项目不同阶段的角色功能差异明显;建设公众满意的生活环境是多元利益相关者的核心利益诉求。采用社会网络分析方法,剖析利益相关者关系及诉求协调的重点问题,为城中村改造利益相关者协同治理提供科学参考与依据。

全媒体传播体系下出版深度融合发展研究

在全媒体传播体系建构纳入国家战略规划背景下,处于数字化浪潮中的中国出版业面临产销技术、业务模式、组织机构等多方面的冲突与转型。在完成从数字出版到融合出版的过渡后,出版深度融合成为当下我国出版业面向未来生态建设的全新趋势。本课题紧密结合数字化环境下的新出版传播体系,以全媒体传播视角审视出版产业的深度融合问题,探讨出版融合发展的理论框架,以传统出版转型为立足点,构建多维度、系统化、针对性的全媒体传播体系下出版深度融合发展的实践路径和生态保障体系。

中国目录学史研究

中国目录学史研究聚焦中国目录学的标志事件、代表人物、经典著作和核心思想,全面呈现其整体发展历程,总结经验与不足,探讨规律与原因,阐发影响与意义。该研究是展示目录学学科形象并提供学科认同,补足中国思想和学术史研究系谱,繁荣中国哲学社会科学的时代课题。文章回顾相关研究成果,阐述国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国目录学史研究”的主要内容,包括中国目录学史研究的基础理论、中国目录学发展内外部要素及其联系、古今目录学传承衔接、中西目录学对比融通等重要问题;另外,文章还介绍了课题的总体框架、研究方法和预期目标。

数字政府建设成效测度与评价:理论、方法与应用

数字政府建设日益受到重视,但其建设成效有待评价和改进。文章围绕数字政府建设成效测度与评价问题展开研究,探讨如何构建理论模型、发展评估方法并加以应用。在综述已有文献基础上,提炼数字政府建设成效评价的理论框架,提出从人民高品质生活、企业高质量发展、政府高效能治理的“三高”视角进行评价,并讨论开展课题研究的思路与方法、重点难点和创新之处,以及本课题要实现的预期目标。

基于SNA的大型工程项目关键利益相关者和社会稳定风险因素识别

大型工程项目关乎国计民生、影响深远,在多种因素的作用下易引发社会稳定风险,甚至可能引发更深层次的社会危机,为识别出大型工程项目的关键利益相关者和社会稳定风险因素,大型工程项目社会稳定风险研究势在必行。首先,收集61个大型工程项目社会稳定风险事件。然后,通过共现的方法得到“利益相关者-社会稳定风险因素”2-模网络,将数据导入Netdraw软件中,形成可视化的利益相关者-社会稳定风险因素关系网络图,并利用社会网络分析软件Ucinet计算2-模网络的度数中心度。最后,将2-模网络转化为2个1-模网络(利益相关者关系网络/社会稳定风险因素关系网络),识别出大型工程项目的关键利益相关者和社会稳定风险因素。研究结果表明:“利益相关者-社会稳定风险”2-模网络整体密度较高,大型工程项目中社会稳定风险因素和利益相关者关系密切,S6政府部门-R2环境安全风险与S8当地居民-R2环境安全风险是需重点关注的关系;大型工程项目中社会稳定风险中的关键利益相关者是业主、承包商、政府部门、当地居民、网络媒体;关键社会稳定风险因素是环境安全风险、决策信息公开不充分、公众参与不足、应对行为不当、社会舆情。研究成果为大型工程项目社会稳定风险研究提供新的视角,有助于提高大型工程项目管理者的风险认知水平,为管理者决策提供理论依据。

“中国目录学史研究”的主要内容与框架

中国目录学在经历了漫长的知识积累与经验总结后,借19世纪末至20世纪初近代学术转型之机,在充分继承传统目录学历史财富基础上,吸收西方目录学思想,完成了学科体系的理论化、系统化建构。本课题旨在对先秦至公元2000年中国目录学的历史发展进行全景式梳理,从“中国目录学史研究资料整理”及“中国目录学史研究”两个维度,按照“提出问题→梳理史料→分析史料→解决问题”的研究思路开展研究:首先,提出中国目录学史重要理论问题,搭建中国目录学史研究框架;其次,全面展开中国目录学史研究资料收集,编撰《中国目录学年表新编》;最后,根据中国目录学史的历史分期,分阶段开展中国目录学史的研究与写作。

水利水电工程移民社会融合全生命周期支持体系建构

水利水电工程移民社会融合关乎移民生计恢复和可持续,有利于维护工程安全和移民社会稳定,对于推动移民高质量发展和共同富裕至关重要。建立中国特色的水利水电工程移民社会融合支持体系是顺应“一带一路”倡议和“走出去”战略,提高国家话语权和国际影响力的重要基础。目前理论和实证层面不乏对水利水电工程移民社会融合问题的探讨和实践,但缺乏移民社会融合支持及标准体系研究。为建立具有中国特色的移民社会融合支持体系,从水利水电工程移民生命周期分析入手,探索水利水电工程移民社会融合全生命周期支持体系,详细介绍了其内涵、关键要素、支持目标,并以湖北三峡工程移民工程社会融合支持为实例证明了该支持体系的可行性和科学性,最后对该理论体系的局限性和未来发展方向提出建议。

PPP风险规制的立法完善研究

PPP作为政府与社会资本合作提供公共产品和公共服务的新模式,根本目标是通过公私合作来保障普遍性公共产品或服务的持续供给。合作共赢是双方共同的价值取向。PPP风险规制的立法应当紧紧围绕PPP实施过程中的风险节点,确定立法所应遵循的基本原则并建立健全相应的法律制度。PPP风险规制的立法完善应当在坚持法治原则的前提下,依法配置规制PPP风险的立法权,并重点建立健全政府特许经营法律制度,完善政府对PPP项目的风险监管。实现立法创新与深化改革有机结合,创新PPP风险规制的具体机制,实行风险的公平合理配置,从而预防和化解可能产生的PPP风险,推动PPP更好更多地为社会公众提供更大福祉。

社会资本与林农林业碳汇项目参与——基于交易费用经济学视角

作为林地最主要的经营主体,林农的参与是林业碳汇项目开发的首要环节。考虑到中国“关系型”社会的特征以及由此产生的交易费用问题,基于交易费用经济学视角,结合社会资本理论剖析林农参与林业碳汇项目的内在机理,同时利用宁陕县微观农户调研数据分析社会网络、社会信任与社会规范是否会影响林农林业碳汇项目参与决策并检验社会资本变量发挥作用的条件,研究表明:89%的样本林农参与了林业碳汇项目,显现出了较高的参与水平;Logit模型结果表明强关系网络、人际信任、制度信任、惩罚机制与互惠行为变量均对林农林业碳汇项目参与具有显著促进作用,而弱关系网络变量并不会影响到林农的林业碳汇项目参与决策;调节效应模型的结果则表明林农的合作社社员身份可以显著地增强社会资本各维度对林农林业碳汇项目参与的正向影响。