On Pragmatic Differences between English and Chinese in Social Communication Culture

Because of differences in habits and customs, logical thinking, as well as cultural values between Chinese and English,there are pragmatics differences in social greetings, thanks, banquets, invitations, and apologies language communication occasions. Thus, it is important to explore the language habits with different culture backgrounds of language communications and language features and study the pragmatic failure led by people using a foreign language because of the differences of social and cultural factors.

Chinese Students’ Adaptation of Social Intercourse Influenced by Different Cultural Contexts of China and America in American Universities

1 Statement of the Purpose (1) Statement of the purpose The purpose of the research isto study Chinese studends' adaptation of social intercourse influenced by different cultural contexts of China and America in American universities.And the study will also try to find out the exact problems and obstacles during Chinese students' adapting period in American universities.

No pain, no social gains:A social-signaling perspective of human pain behaviors

In this review article, we describe a social-signaling perspective of human pain and pain empathizing behaviors which is based on the premise that pain percepts evolved to serve both intrapersonal as well as interpersonal, communicative functions. This perspective offers a generative framework for understanding the natural origin and proximate expression of felt pain and pain empathizing behaviors. The basic thesis is that humans evolved sensory-behavioral heuristics for perceiving and inhibiting exogenous and endogenous pain sensations as part of more general expressive styles characterized by the demonstration of vulnerability gestures(i.e., trustworthiness cues) versus empowerment gestures(i.e., capacity cues), and these styles ultimately facilitate broader selfprotection and social novelty-seeking life-history behavior strategies, respectively. We review the extant literature on how social contextual factors(e.g., audience characteristics) and how structural and functional components of individual's social network appear to influence the expression of pain behaviors in ways that support basic predictions from the social-signaling perspective. We also show how the perspective can be used to interpret conventional findings of sex differences in pain percepts and pain empathizing behaviors and for predicting how the situational context and individual's peer networks modulate these differences in vitro and in vitro. We conclude the article by describing how pain researchers may better understand how varying levels and divergent directions of changes in affect tend to co-occur with systematic changes in internal vs external pain sensitivities, and thus why, from an evolutionary perspective, pain may occur in the presence and absence of physical tissue damage.

Studies of Cultural Differences between English and Chinese Address Terms

English and Chinese address terms have apparent differences,which are caused by their own different social and cultural backgrounds and reflect different cultural implications between the east and the west. To understand the eastern and western culture better,it's necessary to make a comparison between them.

Being Aware of Sino-west Cultural Differences in the Teaching of English

This is an attempt to analyse the cultural differences between China and those countries whose people speak English as their mother tongue.The analysis is made here to caution that enough emphasis should be placed on this very difference in the teaching of the English language.

Study on International Students' Anxiety and Related Factors Under COVID-19

To investigate the correlation between anxiety and related factors among international students in Wenzhou during the COVID-19 epidemic,international students from Wenzhou were selected as subjects for our research.We administered a self-developed questionnaire on anxiety among our subjects in question during the specific time of the COVID-19 epidemic,in which a self-assessment scale was included.Overall,an anxiety questionnaire for international students studying in Wenzhou during the outbreak of COVID–19,a self-rating anxiety scale,and statistical methods were utilized to conduct our research.During the COVID-19 epidemic,international students in Wenzhou experienced varying degrees of anxiety,which were related to concerns about contracting the virus,exam-related stress,and differences in living standards.Therefore,intervention is crucial.

新时期来华东盟留学生跨文化适应障碍与路径

在“一带一路”倡议下,东盟留学生来中国留学的规模日益庞大,这对我国高校留学生教育与管理是一个新的挑战。该文从来华东盟留学生的教育情况和生活现状出发,结合跨文化适应理论,阐述来华东盟留学生在社会文化、心理和学术适应方面的障碍表现。在此基础上,该文提出推进汉语与专业教学改革、加强中华历史文化教育、使用新媒体促进双方沟通、开展多层面社会实践活动、利用大数据提供精准帮扶、提升管理队伍国际视野与服务水平六大措施,以期为相关部门和教学人员提供帮助,对来华东盟留学生解决跨文化适应障碍问题、融入中华优秀传统文化有着积极意义。

社交媒体时代青年“偶像文化”透视与教育引导

文章首先明确“偶像文化”相关概念内涵,从理论上解析网络青年亚文化、“偶像文化”。其次,对“偶像文化”进行深层透析,从现实呈现上说明“偶像文化”“是何”的问题。再次,运用多学科综合分析,从教育学、心理学、社会学、新闻传播学等学科探讨“粉丝”群体的行为表现与心理机制,说明“何以”的问题。从次,探究“偶像文化”的影响,说明“有何”影响的问题。最后,针对粉丝行为的“失范”,提出有效的应对措施,回答“如何”应对“偶像文化”影响的问题,切实回应引导“偶像文化”有序发展及青年价值观培塑的时代要求和现实诉求。

中国社会中“内卷”现象的个体心理内涵及其特征维度

随着中国社会的发展,“内卷”引发了全民关注与讨论,但研究者对内卷的心理内涵、特征维度及其测量工具仍在探索中。本研究首次以文化心理学作为研究视角,提出中国社会的内卷极具新时代意义,是与中国社会文化紧密相连的多维心理概念。研究1采用访谈法,通过分析在校学生与在岗社会人员对内卷看法的一手资料,结合扎根理论初步提出内卷的心理内涵及其特征维度,即资源稀缺、社会规范、心理压力、竞争行为。研究2在访谈研究的基础上编制了内卷感知测量问卷,通过探索性因素分析得到包含18个条目的四维度问卷。研究3通过验证性因素分析和效标效度检验,在跨人群样本中验证了内卷的4个特征维度。研究4采用内卷情境任务发现,在高校情境和组织情境中,内卷感知更高的个体均更易表现出内卷行为倾向。综上,本研究首次明晰中国社会中内卷的心理内涵及其特征维度,并提供了测量个体感知内卷的有效工具,有助于未来探究内卷对个体心理以及社会性发展的影响机制。

社会支持对护士工作绩效的影响:一个关于心理资本、组织文化的有调节的中介模型

目的:探讨社会支持对护士工作绩效的影响及其作用机制。方法:采用工作绩效量表、领悟社会支持量表、心理资本问卷和组织文化量表对某市4家医院共计900名在职临床护士进行调查。结果:社会支持、心理资本、组织文化与护士工作绩效均呈明显正相关关系(P<0.01);社会支持对护士工作绩效的总效应明显(P<0.01),社会支持通过心理资本对护士工作绩效影响的间接效应明显(95%CI不包含0),社会支持对护士工作绩效直接效应明显(P<0.01);社会支持、组织文化可明显正向预测心理资本(P<0.01),社会支持与组织文化的交互效应明显(P<0.01);简单斜率图显示,随着组织文化水平的提高,社会支持对心理资本的正向简单效应随之增强。组织文化调节效应标准得分的转折点为-1.638。结论:社会支持可以直接正向预测护士工作绩效;心理资本可部分中介社会支持对护士工作绩效的影响;组织文化对社会支持通过心理资本影响护士工作绩效的中介过程起正向调节作用。社会支持对护士工作绩效的影响机制为有调节的中介效应。

女性参与体育活动的社会意义及影响

该研究深入探讨了女性参与体育活动的社会意义及其广泛影响。通过历史回顾、现状分析及国际比较,揭示了女性在体育领域的参与对促进个人健康、挑战性别刻板印象和推动社会性别平等方面的重要作用。尽管女性在体育领域取得了显著进步,但仍面临社会文化偏见、制度性不平等挑战。国际视角下,女性体育参与展现了地域差异和文化多样性,国际组织和大赛在推广女性体育参与中具有关键作用。研究强调,继续支持女性在体育领域的参与,对推动全球范围内的性别平等至关重要。

社会文化背景下史诗的英雄观与生死观——以《吉尔伽美什》和《伊利亚特》为例

《吉尔伽美什》是已知世界上最古老的英雄史诗,诞生于两河流域苏美尔文明下,讲述了国王吉尔伽美什与好友恩奇都一同斩杀恶兽保卫家园,并在恩奇都受惩罚死去后历经艰难险阻寻求永生的故事。《伊利亚特》据传是盲诗人荷马所著著名史诗,诞生于爱琴海流域古希腊文明下,讲述了特洛伊战争第十年,英雄阿基琉斯因女俘被主帅阿伽门农所抢愤怒退出战役,又在挚友帕特罗克洛斯战死后重归战场复仇,并最终取得胜利的故事。《吉尔伽美什》和《伊利亚特》都是世界历史上杰出的史诗作品,而两位主人公又具有极为相似的出生和经历。基于此,本文将首先分别分析两部史诗中体现出的英雄观——何谓英雄和生死观——如何面对必然的死亡,进而分析它们各自的诞生背景和所属社会文化的差异,并最终在比较中探寻不同社会文化塑造英雄和对待生死的不同。

On the Role of Confucian Ethical Thoughts in the Formation of Psychological Personality

As the mainstream ideology in the traditional Chinese social structure,Confucian ethical thoughts have existed for a long time and influenced the social ethical structure and the formation of cultural psychology and personality of Chinese people significantly.Taking the internal relation of the role of Confucian ethical thoughts in the formation of personality as a point of penetration,this paper discusses the internal relation between the shaping of social consciousness by Confucian ethical thoughts and the formation of personality as well as its influence mode,revealing the construction process of psychological personality by Confucian culture.On this basis,we explore the advantages of Confucian social ethics by making full use of its positive factors and promote the improvement of individual's personality with social psychology.

Culture Vacancy in Translation of Chinese and English Idioms

Idioms always carry strong cultural characteristics of their own nations,so in idiom translation,culture vacancy is a common problem for translators and the way we deal with this problem may probably decide the quality of our translations.This thesis mainly discusses the definition and three main resources for culture vacancy.

Individualism and Collectivism

The world could be analyzed in many dimensions,like rich and poor,peace and warfare,equal and oppressive,but one of the most important dimensions may be the difference between different societies of individualist and collectivist.This article is trying to discuss is the difference between individualism and collectivism in the western and eastern cultures,and also will explain and discuss it in some aspects,such as their viewpoint,their attitude on self-enhancement and self-criticism,and the goal setting and motivation,and take some cases which some researches and psychologists did and some cases found for example to describe it.Also it presents that social orientation and environment,and culture background will take important role to impact people’s mind and choice on individualism and collectivism.No matter individual or collective,it all have advantage and disadvantage for each,it needs comprehensive evaluation for differential environment which can obtain relative reasonable conclusion.

从自然到文化:药的汉字原型及其心理隐喻

在中医药文化中,药草不仅可以疗愈身体疾病,同时还拥有极其丰富的心理隐喻。首先,对汉字“药”之原型意象探讨与研究发现:药“乐草”的意象与身心疗愈功能遥相呼应;其次,药在不同文化中都是重要的文化隐喻,从社会-文化层面可隐喻国家治理,从个体层面则关涉身心疗愈与自我救赎;再次,就药之功用与心理治疗关系而言,中药治身的“医理”与心理治疗治心的“心理”在理论与实践上具有一致性;最后,中药自然属性可对治身体的偏性,而药的文化心性隐喻则可对治心灵的偏颇,为迷失的自我找到疗愈的“心药”。

方言距离、城市包容性与流动人口的社会融入

采用2017年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,在同一框架下研究方言距离、城市包容性及两者的交互效应对流动人口社会融入的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,方言距离不利于流动人口的社会融入,而城市包容性促进了流动人口的社会融入,同时能够缓解方言距离的负面影响。机制分析表明,方言距离阻碍流动人口的社会参与和社会交往,而城市包容性在促进流动人口社会参与和社会交往的同时弱化了方言距离的负面效应。进一步分析发现,收入并非方言距离的作用机制,跨方言流动反而提高了流动人口的工资收入,这意味着方言距离阻碍劳动要素实现边际收益最大化的流动和配置。

文化差异会影响农业转移人口城市融入吗?——基于多层线性模型的实证研究

依托社会嵌入理论,探索文化差异与农业转移人口城市融入的内在逻辑和传导机制。在此基础上,利用中国汉语方言地理分布信息匹配2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据进行实证检验。研究表明:农业转移人口跨地域流动形成的文化差异对其城市融入具有显著的阻碍作用,在缓解内生性问题、遗漏变量检验和排除地理因素等一系列稳健性检验之后,结论依然成立;进一步分析发现,文化差异对流入非省会城市及老一代农业转移人口城市融入水平的阻碍效应更大;机制分析表明,文化差异可以通过抑制社会网络、强化社会规范和降低社会信任间接阻碍农业转移人口的城市融入水平,但文化差异发挥的直接效应更大。本文的结论对加强地域文化理解、优化社会资本结构和加快推动农业转移人口全面融入城市都具有重要的参考价值。