芝麻过敏原Ses i 2核酸适体的筛选与鉴定研究

芝麻是八大类食物过敏原之一,快速准确识别芝麻过敏原对预防其过敏有重要意义。核酸适配体可以高效识别靶标过敏原,在过敏原检测中有良好的应用前景。为了获得芝麻主要过敏原Ses i 2的特异性核酸适体,本研究以Ses i 2为靶标,通过磁珠筛选法(磁珠-SELEX)开展10轮筛选,经由高通量测序获得6条候补序列(S1~S6),并进行家族性、同源性分析及二级结构预测。结果表明,6条候选核酸适体的重复率可达46.38%,其自由能在-9.02到-2.47 kcal·moL^(-1)之间,根据自由能能量稳定原则,S1和S5吉布斯自由能最低最稳定,分别为-6.70和-9.02 kcal·moL^(-1)。利用ELISA试验进行亲和力测试,结果表明核酸适体S1和S2的亲和能力较强,S1:KD=67.02 nmol·L^(-1),R2=0.925 8,S2:KD=97.65 nmol·L^(-1),R2=0.795 1。核酸适体S1与过敏原Ses i 2的结合力和其他过敏原蛋白相比有显著差异,可视为具有特异性。本研究最终获得一条兼具良好亲和力和特异性的核酸适体S1,为芝麻过敏原快速检测提供了技术支撑。

Assessing adaptability of the water resource system to social-ecological systems in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region:Based on the DPSIR-TOPSIS framework

To optimize the overall layout of water resource allocation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the adaptabil‐ity of the water resource system to the regional social-ecological systems has to be enhanced.Based on the driver-pressure-state-impact-response(DPSIR)framework,this study constructs an evaluation index system to analyze the adaptability mechanisms of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei’s water resource system according to the three major constituent social-ecological systems(i.e.,economic,social,and ecological systems).Moreover,it adopts the technique of order preference similarity to the ideal solution(TOPSIS)to comprehensively evaluate the adaptability of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei’s water resource system based on three constituent social-ecological systems(i.e.,economic,social,and ecological systems)and identifies the spatiotemporal differentiation char‐acteristics of the region.Our results showed that,①from 2000 to 2020,the adaptability of Beijing-Tianjin Hebei’s water resource system,as a whole,significantly improved.In terms of stages,from 2000 to 2007,the adaptability of the water resource social system was significantly higher than that of economic and ecological systems in the region.From 2008 to 2015,by accelerating the transformation and upgrading of industrial structures,improving the efficiency of economic water utilization,and strengthening the governance of the water ecosystem,the adaptability of water resource economic and ecological systems rapidly improved;how‐ever,that of the water resource ecological system was still the lowest.Additionally,the adaptability of the wa‐ter resource economic system exceeded that of the social system.From 2016 to 2020,the gap in adaptability of the water resource system to all three major constituent systems gradually narrowed.By 2020,the three sys‐tems entered a relatively balanced development stage,with the adaptability of the entire water resource system and the three major constituent systems maintaining a high level.②The economic system was significantly af‐fected by per capita GDP,per capita water resources,and the efficiency of economic water utilization.Addition‐ally,the social system was significantly affected by water consumption per unit of irrigation area.Meanwhile,the ecological system was significantly influenced by precipitation,water pollution discharge performance indi‐cators,and the structure optimization indicators of water supply.According to the evaluation results,we pro‐pose countermeasures and provide recommendations to optimize the overall layout of water resource alloca‐tion and promote the coordinated management of water resources in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

Exploring social-ecological system resilience in South China Karst:Quantification,interaction and policy implication

China’s Grain to Green Program(GTGP),which is one of the largest payments for ecosystem services(PES)in the world,has made significant ecological improvements to the environment.However,current understanding of its outcomes on the social-ecological system(SES)remains limited.Therefore,taking the South China Karst as an example,a SES resilience evaluation index system was constructed followed by an exploratory spatial analysis,root mean square error,and Self-Organizing Feature Map to clarify the spatiotemporal changes and relationship of SES resilience,achieve the zoning of SES resilience and provide restoration measures.The results showed an upward trend in social resilience from 2000 to 2020,especially its subsystem of social development.Regional ecological resilience was stable,owing to a slightly declined ecosystem services and increased landscape pattern.Spatially,nearly half of the counties exhibited a distribution mismatch in SES resilience.There was an obvious inverted U-shaped relationship of SES resilience,indicating a clear threshold effect,and the constraint relation-ship of SES resilience eased over time,demonstrating the effectiveness of the ecological restoration program.GTGP played a positive role in reducing regional SES trade-off,but this positive effect was limited,reflecting the limitations of overemphasizing the conversion from farmland to forest and grassland.Regional SES resilience can be divided into four clusters,which were the key optimization zone for social system,the SES resilience safety zone,the key restoration zone for SES resilience,and the key optimization zone for ecological system.Adaptive adjustments for the GTGP in these zones should be taken to achieve maximum SES benefits in the future.

Simulating Sustainable Urban Development by Incorporating Social-ecological Risks into a Constrained CA Model

A key solution to urban and global sustainability is effective planning of sustainable urban development, for which geo-techniques especially cellular automata(CA) models can be very informative. However, existing CA models for simulating sustainable urban development, though increasingly refined in modeling urban growth, capture mostly the environmental aspect of sustainability. In this study, an adaptable risk-constrained CA model was developed by incorporating the social-ecological risks of urban development. A three-dimensional risk assessment framework was proposed that explicitly considers the environmental constraints on, system resilience to, and potential impacts of urban development. The risk-constrained model was then applied to a case study of Sheyang County, Jiangsu Province in the eastern China. Comparative simulations of urban development in four contrasting scenarios were conducted, namely, the environmental suitability constrained scenario, the ecological risk constrained scenario, the social risk constrained scenario, and the integrated social-ecological risk constrained scenario. The simulations suggested that considering only environmental suitability in the CA simulation of urban development overestimated the potential of sustainable urban growth, and that the urbanization mode changed from city expansion that was more constrained by social risks to town growth that was more constrained by ecological risks. Our risk-constrained CA model can better simulate sustainable urban development; additionally, we provide suggestions on the sustainable urban development in Sheyang and on future model development.

公共草场自主治理实现机制——基于SES框架的案例分析

随着牧区社会-生态系统破碎化问题的凸显,公共草场自主治理引起了学术界关注。然而,中国现行草地承包制度下,自主治理制度的可行性及其实现机制仍有待系统研究。本文连续三年跟踪调查了内蒙古一片公共草场,应用SES框架解构了案例地复杂系统,并依据案例地情形构建了关联博弈模型,解析了公共草场自主治理制度下牧户互动机制。结果表明:草地资源的可持续利用关乎牧户长期生产成本。为了节约长期生产成本,牧区社区制定了公共草场自主治理制度。制度实施过程中,依据牧草长势和牲畜膘情形成了动态的草畜平衡规则,可操作的惩罚制度和地方政府弹性干预促进了自主治理制度的良好运作。同时,牧户之间的放牧博弈和社会交往博弈相互关联,使得自主治理制度以较低成本自我实施。该制度的有效实施有助于提高草地资源使用的公平性,也有利于牧户之间、牧户与地方政府之间信任的增长,提高生产互惠性和生产效率。因此,应探索建立自主治理和承包制度并存的多样化草地资源管理体系。

Understanding Policy Instruments as Rules of Interaction in Social-Ecological System Frameworks

Government interventions to manage and improve trade-offs in social and ecological systems are made through various policy instruments.The conditions of the social ecological system(SES)are a function of the cumulatively implemented policy instruments.Although both policy instruments and social ecological system frameworks have played important roles in theoretical developments in resource management,they have largely been considered in isolation from each other.By including policy instruments into the SES framework,the proposed conceptual model serves as a template to examine how governing takes place by deciphering:1)how the biophysical system has been understood in resource governance;2)how the social system has been set up in resource governance;and 3)how the trade-offbetween dynamic biophysical and social systems has been managed in the governance of SESs.This model can assist identifying any absent,overlapping or contradictory policy instruments in the governance of an SES.

血浆sES、MMP-9和TIMP-1与冠状动脉扩张的关系

目的探讨炎症因子可溶性E选择素(sES)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP9)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制物-1(TIMP-1)与冠脉扩张的关系及其临床意义。方法选择我院行冠脉造影的部分患者,根据冠造结果分三组,其中I组为冠状动脉扩张,共11例;冠状动脉粥样硬化为II组,共35例;造影正常者为III组,共24例。用ELISA法检测血浆MMP-9及其抑制物TIMP1水平。结果sES及MMP-9水平在冠脉扩张组明显高于冠脉粥样硬化组及冠脉造影正常组(P<0.05)。血浆TIMP1水平在三组中相近。结论sES、MMP-9/TIMP-1与冠脉扩张相关,它们可能参与了冠脉扩张的发生,在冠脉疾病的进展中起重要作用。

一种面向实时数据冗余处理的参数化SES模型设计

物联网感知层传感器在实际应用中通常具有较高的数据采集频率,云端接入的时间序列数据会出现冗余问题,即临近时域的数据相似度较高缺乏差异性,会导致云端存储量较大但数据价值较小的情况。针对此类问题,文中提出一种改进的参数化简单指数平滑(SES)模型,在实现权重自动分配的同时针对数据冗余问题优化权重分配,解决在现有的SES模型在确保数据的完整性和准确性的同时实现时间序列上数据低冗余性,实现数据在采集过程中的实时数据冗余处理。利用实际大气监测数据进行对比实验,结果表明了改进的SES模型有效性。

SEs在水体及水处理工艺中污染状况的研究与展望

综述了甾体雌激素(SEs)对不同国家和地区的水环境所造成的污染及其在水处理工艺中的分布。结果表明,世界各地水环境中都检出了SEs污染物,其浓度一般达到pg/L～ng/L水平,而水处理工艺对其处理效果不佳。水环境中SEs主要来源于人和动物的排泄物等,在水环境中会发生进一步转化。目前亟需建立针对性的水质安全评价方法,进行SEs去除条件下的毒性削减技术研究。

SES煤气化技术及其在国内的应用

SES煤气化技术是在传统U-Gas单段循环流化床粉煤气化技术的基础上进一步开发而成。简介了我国已引进的9种国外煤气化技术的工艺特点和应用概况;重点论述了U-Gas煤气化技术的气化原理、工艺流程、操作指标和技术优势;介绍了SES煤气化技术在国内能源综合利用和洁净煤气化项目的应用实例。结果表明,该技术的新型流化床反应器不仅能够气化占我国煤炭储量17%的难以气化的褐煤,而且能够高效地气化洗煤过程中产生的煤矸石等副产品,对我国中小型氮肥企业原料路线的技术改造具有现实意义。

山水林田湖草生态修复工程的社会-生态系统(SES)分析框架及应用——以浙江省钱塘江源头区域为例

"山水林田湖草生命共同体"是人与自然和谐共处的指导原则,也是人类实现可持续发展的有效实践路径。根据Ostrom提出的社会-生态系统(SES)框架,以浙江省钱塘江源头区域为研究区,构建集流域、陆地和人类活动为一体的社会-生态系统(SES)概念框架,为生态修复工程提供一个问题导向的分析策略。研究发现基于Ostrom构建的钱塘江源头区域山水林田湖草生态修复工程的SES框架,可以用来诊断关键问题、分析影响因素、设定行动情景和评估结果,从而形成完整的实施和解决问题策略。由诊断关键问题得出,该区域面临地质灾害多发、水土流失、环境污染、生物结构单一等多重问题,而人类活动如城市扩张、过度开发自然资源、污染物排放等则是造成社会-生态系统失衡的主要因素。通过行动情景设置将SES框架中涉及的影响因素、解决途径、评价标准、期望的成效以及反馈机制等进行梳理,对研究区的社会-生态系统进行全面分析。根据设立的评价体系对生态修复工程进行生态环境和社会经济效果的动态评估,并不断地根据评价结果进行修正以获得最佳的预期成效。该框架为解决钱塘江源头区域山水林田湖草生态修复工程所面临的问题提供了一个系统的解决方案,并可根据研究区的特点进行相应调整,是一个具有强适用性的社会-生态系统分析框架。

SES气化技术气化义马长焰煤的分析与评价

介绍了在SES气化炉上气化义马长焰煤的全过程。根据试验结果,对义马煤制气项目提出了设计建议,试验表明义马长焰煤用作SES气化原料是可行的。

SES微波脉冲压缩系统瞬态特性的模拟研究

通过MATLAB编程,实现了储能切换(storedenergyswitch)方式产生高功率微波脉冲瞬态响应过程的模拟。程序可用于研究微波压缩系统的功率增益、储能转换效率及脉宽压缩比等主要指标与系统开关耦合腔的固有品质因数、输入与输出耦合系数的关系;并可用于对工作频率失谐、“开关”导通前的泄漏及“开关”启动时间的影响等进行分析,输出瞬态响应过程图像。

人性化护理对轻度脑外伤手术患者SAS、SDS、SES评分的影响研究

目的:探究人性化护理对轻度脑外伤手术患者SAS、SDS、SES评分的影响。方法:选取95例在我院接受轻度脑外伤手术治疗的患者,分为常规组(48例)与干预组(47例),给予常规组常规护理,给予干预组人性化护理。对比两组患者SAS、SDS、SES评分与认知功能,使用统计学进行分析。结果:比对两组患者干预后的SAS、SDS、SES评分,干预组改善明显优于常规组,组间差异呈P<0.05,形成统计学意义。结论:对轻度脑外伤手术患者实施人性化护理,有效的改善心理状态,具有显著的护理效果。

K_(0.8)Fe_(1.7)SeS超导体内的畴区形貌及三维分布研究

本文利用高角环形暗场像(HAADF)和衍衬像研究了K0.8Fe1.7SeS超导样品的超导畴区形貌及三维分布。在[001]带轴下观察到两类形貌的超导畴区,一类畴区尺寸为1μm左右,另一类为由几十纳米大小的小畴区组成的阵列。选区电子衍射和电子能量损失谱结果表明母体区对应Fe空位有序,而超导畴区可能对应K空位有序。STEM-EDS元素Mapping表明超导畴区边缘处K元素含量较多,K0.8Fe1.7SeS超导样品中可能至少存在三个相,分别为:K空位有序超导相、畴区外部Fe空位有序基体相以及两种空位有序区的过渡相。在[100]带轴下观察到了超导畴区具有连通性,构建了K0.8Fe1.7SeS超导样品中超导畴区的三维分布图。

基于SES通用爬行器的设计与实现

基于SES开发通用爬行器,可以对企业数据库、门户网页、文档文件、办公系统内容等进行抓取和分析,提取企业级用户所关注的信息,并对抓取的数据进行索引,存储到索引库当中,以及提供增量爬行机制.系统界面友好,准确高效.

基于SAP系统的员工自助报销SES模块的研究与实践

华东电网公司引进SAP系统后,在项目管理等方面取得了较好的信息化管理优势,但在日常经营管理方面却显得比较欠缺。为推广系统应用面,公司财务部提出并实施了"SES系统"。

Evaluation of Clinical Outcomes of ses Stent in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease After Intracoronary Stenting in Small Vessels

Background:Limited data are available for sirolimus-eluting stent(SES,Cypher)implantation in patients with coronary artery disease in small vessels.The clinical longtermoutcomes of SES in patients with coronary artery disease after intracoronary stenting in small vessels has not been yet evaluated.

SES技术成功气化褐煤

埃新斯（枣庄）新气体有限公司采用SES技术气化当地的高灰分劣质煤，于2008年1月正式产出合成气，同年11月成功试烧了5000t河南义马高灰分长焰煤；2009年10月4日，成功气化内蒙古白音华褐煤，截止至同年10月26日，试烧了3500t。试烧结果表明：碳转化率为96％，冷煤气效率为83％，几乎无煤焦油产生，标志着SES气化技术气化褐煤获得成功。

芝麻过敏原Ses i 3同源建模及B细胞线性抗原表位预测

为预测芝麻过敏原Ses i 3的B细胞线性抗原表位和三级结构,使用SOPMA、DNAStar和The BepiPred1.0 Server等生物信息学软件,采用多种方案对Ses i 3抗原性指数、亲水性、表面可及性、柔韧性等参数及其二级结构进行预测,对预测抗原表位综合分析。利用SWISS-MODEL程序进行同源建模并用Ramachandran软件评价结构稳定性。结果:序列SESKDP,RQKHQGEHG,NRKSP,QHG,YQREKGRQDDDNPTDPEKQY,RRQG,KYREQQGREGGRGE,EGR,EQGR,QHG,RQDR,ENP,RHE,ESK,RPTH,ASQ,SRSRGSYQGETRGRP,ANNNE,SRSQQ,GPRQQQQGR最可能是Ses i 3蛋白的B细胞线性抗原表位。以5e1r.2为模板,同源建模的方式成功构建了芝麻过敏原Ses i 3蛋白的三级结构,并经Ramachandran评价显示蛋白模型构象稳定。此结果为制备特异性抗体肽段及过敏原检测等提供了依据。