Paths for the Coordinated Development of Rural Economy and Environment in Economically Underdeveloped Areas——A Case of Huaian,China

Taking Huaian as an example,the rural economic and environmental problems in economically underdeveloped areas are expounded.The results show that rural areas in economically underdeveloped areas confront with lagged economic development,serious environmental pollutionand scarce shortage of equipments for treating environmental pollution.The causes of problems are analyzed,including inadequate fiscal supportfrom the local government;unscientific system for assessing government officers' performances;backward ideas in environmental protection and im-perfect laws and regulations on environmental protection.Based on these causes,the strategy of employing the circular economy to promote the co-ordinated development of rural environment and economy in economically underdeveloped areas is put forward.The strategy covers transformingthe way of agricultural production;adjusting agricultural production structure;positively collecting funds and increasing the input on handling rural en-vironmental problems;strengthening the efforts on promotion and education,and forming the healthy habits of consumption;enforcing supervisionand establishing a professional administration team for protecting rural environment;laying stress on rural technological innovation and strengtheningthe force of expansion;accelerating the path of industrialization and promoting the industrialization of villages and towns vigorously.

Recommendations for Development of Rural Labor Service Economy from the Perspective of Urban and Rural Integration

Rural labor service economy is a method turning rural surplus human resources to economic resources,to realize increase of social wealth. Developing the rural labor service economy has profound influence on promoting transfer and employment of rural surplus labor,and speeding up industrialization and urbanization. Rural labor service economy is a huge and complex systematic project for promoting urban and rural integrated development and increasing farmers' income. This paper firstly analyzed importance and urgency of accelerating the development of rural labor service economy. From the perspective of urban and rural integration,it came up with pertinent recommendations,including establishing security mechanism and improving rural labor security mechanism,creating preferential conditions and encouraging farmers to return to hometown,exploring potential and promoting nearby labor transfer to promote rapid economic development,improving public employment service system,and cultivating and developing labor market. It is expected to provide certain references.

Economic and Financial Structural Adjustment at Village Level: A Case Study of Rural Areas in Guizhou Province

Village-level economy is not only the important foundation for promoting grass-roots agricultural and rural modernization, but also an essential guarantee for sustainable development of small scale economy of rural farmer households. Research on this field will play a significant role in rural economic development of Guizhou Province. Taking the observation data from 1999 to 2009 in 10 fixed observation villages in Guizhou Province, we carried out empirical survey and analysis on land scale and use structure, scale and composition of fixed assets for production, level and composition of operational income, and level and composition of financial revenue and expenditure at village level. Finally, we put forward conclusions and recommendations.

Gap between Urban and Rural Economic Development in Less Developed Areas——A Case of Northern Jiangsu Area,China

Taking northern Jiangsu area as an example,economic disparity between urban and rural areas is described according to the data in 2000-2009 Jiangsu Statistical Yearbook.Result shows that there are significant differences in the rural and urban economic development in less developed areas,which are mainly reflected in the differences in per capita income,living standard,and Engel coefficient.Reasons for urban and rural economic disparity in less developed areas are analyzed.The asymmetry and immobility of rural and urban resources have objectively caused the income gap between urban and rural residents;urban industrial development,which is faster than agricultural development,has widened the income gap between urban and rural residents;and the differences in comparative labor productivity in rural and urban areas have enlarged their income gap.Countermeasures to minimize the urban and rural economic development gap are put forward,such as deepening the reform,realizing the free flow of economic resources between urban and rural areas,developing rural areas through urban development,exerting the function of urban areas in the coordinated development of urban and rural areas,paying attention to the agriculture and rural areas,and improving the comparative labor productivity of agriculture.

Effects of the Development of Township Enterprises on the Urban-Rural Dual Economic Structure Based on Cointegration Theory

The gross output value of township enterprises(XGDP)is used as a variable of township enterprises development.And CXEY is a variable of urban-rural dual economic structure.According to the 1986-2006 Statistical Yearbook of Chinese Township Enterprises and the 2006 China Statistical Yearbook,effects of the development of township enterprises on the urban-rural dual economic structure are studied by the cointegration analysis.Result shows that without considering other influencing factors,township enterprise development in the years 1979-2005 is the key factor to improve the dual economic structure in urban and rural areas in China.

County financial ecology and the development of new socialist countryside in China

The new rural construction will involve many fields, such as the upgrade of the industrial structure of agriculture, the improvement of the efficiency in the use of agricultural resources, the increase of farmers’ income, maintaining sustainable agricultural development, and strengthening the construction of agricultural service system and circulation system. Finance, as the core of modern economy, should serve the new rural construction. However, there are many problems about the financial system in the rural area for a long time. So it is vital to build a good county financial eco-environment to promote the development of county financial systems and give full scope to the supporting function of finance. Only when we solve the problems in rural financial ecology and make clear the government’s function and activities, the county financial environment can function and be improved. Based on the reality of county economic development and starting from the connotation of county financial ecology, this paper analyzes the status quo of county financial eco-environment, especially the significance of optimizing the county financial eco-environment under the macroscopic background that the country proposed the socialist new rural reconstruction, and proposes the opinions and suggestions to construct and the maintain county financial eco-environment.

Innovation Analysis of Rural Agricultural Economic Management Model in the Context of the Belt and Road Initiative

[Objectives]To explore innovative strategies for rural agricultural economic development in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative.[Methods]This research adopts the method of literature review and field research,systematically combs the research results related to the Belt and Road Initiative and rural agricultural economic management,and deeply understands the actual situation of rural agricultural economic management.[Results]The research shows that in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative,the rural agricultural economy is facing new development opportunities and challenges,but there are also some problems.In the new period,we should accelerate the innovative development of rural agricultural economy by promoting market-oriented reform,strengthening scientific and technological innovation,optimizing the industrial structure,deepening international cooperation and other measures.The Belt and Road Initiative provides an important opportunity for the innovation of rural agricultural economic management.Rural agricultural economic management should be actively integrated into the Belt and Road construction to improve the level of rural agricultural economic management.[Conclusions]This study provides useful exploration and reference for the innovation of rural agricultural economic management models,which helps to promote the healthy development of rural agricultural economy and achieve the goal of rural revitalization.

以银发经济推进农村互助养老发展的政策支持研究——以J省X市颐养之家为例

我国首部“银发经济”政策文件出台,为农村互助养老模式提供了“有为政府”与“有效市场”相结合的实践场域。通过对具有全国性影响的J省X市颐养之家的典型案例分析发现,当前农村互助养老模式的主要政策目标是为有需要的农村留守、独居及困难老年人提供基本生活保障的兜底型养老。在银发经济“产品化-商品化-产业化”阶段性发展的大趋势下,农村互助养老还可以是普惠式养老,更应该是高质量的积极养老。针对农村互助养老模式在政策执行中分配基础、分配内容、输送策略、筹资机制等方面存在的不足,建议将发挥有效市场作用与有为政府作用更好结合,进一步完善优化政策支持,纳入“一老一小”,扩展受益对象;引进商品化竞争机制,丰富服务供给;推动多主体跨部门合作,形成网状输送;划定红线并链接资源,发展团结经济,着力推动农村互助养老高质量发展。

农业农村数字经济对城乡共同富裕的影响研究——基于电子商务进农村综合示范县准自然实验的证据

以2010—2022年中国2843个县域面板数据作为样本,借助多时点双重差分模型与调节效应模型,实证检验农业农村数字经济对城乡共同富裕的直接效应与作用机制。结果显示,农业农村数字经济对城乡共同富裕产生正向推动作用,该结论经过多种形式稳健性检验与考虑内生性问题后依旧成立。中介效应结果表明,农业农村数字经济可通过提升区域创新能力与促进农村产业融合,间接赋能城乡共同富裕。调节效应结果表明,普惠金融可正向放大农业农村数字经济对城乡共同富裕的推动作用。异质性结果显示,相较于贫困县、粮食主产区,农业农村数字经济对非贫困县地区、非粮食主产区城乡共同富裕的推动作用较强。

明清时期武陵山区农村经济发展探析——以黔东北地区为中心

随着改土归流的不断深入、国家权力的不断延伸以及外来移民的大量涌入,明清时期武陵山区的农村经济有了较大发展,具体表现在:农业生产技术有了较大提高,农业结构得到一定调整;农村手工业的进步较为明显,推动了山地资源的商品化生产;农村商品经济不断活跃,促进了农村市场的扩大。明清时期武陵山区农村经济的发展,为该区域其他社会事业的发展奠定了良好的经济基础,也为当今经济发展提供了历史借鉴和启示。

数字经济对农业农村现代化的影响研究——基于“宽带中国”试点政策的证据

数字经济正成为实现农业农村现代化的必由之路,“宽带中国”是推动数字经济发展的重要政策举措。该文利用2008—2022年中国295个地级市的面板数据,构建多期双重差分模型,基于“宽带中国”试点政策检验数字经济对农业农村现代化的影响,并对数字经济影响农业农村现代化的机制以及异质性进行进一步分析。研究发现:数字经济对农业农村现代化具有显著促进作用;机制分析表明,数字经济能够通过技术进步与人力资源促进农业农村现代化水平提升;异质性分析表明,数字经济对农业农村现代化的影响存在着区域异质性与农业农村发展水平异质性。基于此,该文提出要大力发展数字经济、推动数字基础设施建设,加强数字乡村建设、促进农业农村现代化发展,推动技术进步与人力资源水平提升,实施差异化发展政策,缩小区域差距等建议。

新型农村集体经济高质量发展赋能共同富裕——基于20个革命老区的实证

文章基于系统理论和组态视角,聚焦革命老区新型农村集体经济高质量发展对共同富裕的赋能作用及其多因素联动效应。采用动态QCA方法分析2016—2021年我国20个革命老区重点城市的面板数据,探索新型农村集体经济高质量发展在时间维度上的组态效应,并通过Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验探究各组态在革命老区覆盖度上的空间分布差异。研究发现:单个因素并不构成高共同富裕水平的必要条件,但科技创新与技术进步、人力资本的必要性存在逐渐递增的时间效应。四条组态的一致性水平均较高,都在0.85以上,进一步提炼出共同富裕的四条组态路径,分别为“人力-科技联动型”“制度创新主导型”“科技创新驱动型”及“乡土资源开发利用型”,其中,人力资本与土地利用之间存在替代效应;在时间维度上,总体表现为解释力逐步增强,且2020年出现骤增拐点;在空间维度上,有两条组态的覆盖度存在明显的地区分布差异。

社会转型视野中的湖南木帆船运输业探析(1949—1952)

1949—1952年是国民经济恢复时期,社会急剧变革,各行业在新民主主义经济秩序下重建和发展。木帆船运输市场得以重建,成为当时重要的运输力量。以湖南为例,新中国成立后,木帆船运输业逐渐恢复,建立了新民主主义的运输市场秩序;降低运价,加强管理,在城乡物资交流中发挥着民船联运的优势,大运输体系建立起来;土产、矿产和粮食得以外运,工业品和食盐输往农村,农村初级市场末端得以拓展,新商业路线得到开辟,在国家工程建设中发挥着重要作用。

数字经济与农业农村现代化

在加快建设数字中国、农业强国的新阶段,探讨数字经济对农业农村现代化的技术经济效应与影响机理至关重要。本文基于2011-2020年的宏观数据,利用多种模型、多种测度思路对两者关系展开实证检验。研究发现:第一,数字经济对农业农村现代化具有显著的促进作用,且替换变量以及缓解内生偏误后,该项研究结论依然稳健。第二,数字经济发展可以通过提高农业生产效率、强化乡村治理促进农业农村现代化,进而为数字经济快速发展赋能我国农业农村现代化奠定坚实基础。第三,进一步研究发现,数字经济对农业农村现代化具有空间溢出效应,以“智慧城市”试点作为准自然实验进行稳健性检验后仍然成立。这种溢出效应在东部地区表现得更加明显。

数字经济、农村劳动力迁移与农民农村共同富裕

文章使用2012—2022年我国30个省份的数据,实证考察数字经济、农村劳动力迁移与农民农村共同富裕三者之间的关系,并实证检验人口密度的调节作用。研究发现,数字经济发展水平和农民农村共同富裕水平均呈现稳步上升趋势;数字经济能够促进农民农村共同富裕,农村劳动力迁移在其中起到部分中介作用。进一步研究发现,人口密度在数字经济对农民农村共同富裕的影响过程中具有正向调节作用。面板门槛模型的回归结果显示,在经济发展环境越好的地区,数字经济对农民农村共同富裕的推动作用越强。

欠发达地区新型农村集体经济治理现代化:逻辑定位与实践指向

欠发达地区新型农村集体经济治理现代化,作为乡村治理现代化的重要组成部分,属于国家治理现代化的基本范畴,关乎农业农村现代化的成败,彰显了中国式现代化的本质要求。欠发达农村地区受制于区域位置、人力资源流失、生态资源沉淀等困境,其乡村治理现代化与新型农村集体经济治理现代化呈现出互嵌式发展。山西省X村的蜕变之路昭示了欠发达地区新型农村集体经济治理现代化的可能性和现实性。基于此,从结构现代化推进欠发达地区新型农村集体经济组织治理,从制度现代化推进欠发达地区新型农村集体经济内部治理,从资源现代化推进欠发达地区新型农村集体经济要素治理,从模式现代化推进欠发达地区新型农村集体经济联合治理,是欠发达地区新型农村集体经济推进其治理现代化的必要遵循。

数字经济对农村三次产业融合发展影响的实证检验

数字经济作为中国经济发展的新动能,为促进农村三次产业融合发展提供了新的驱动力。文章首先从理论上阐述了数字经济对农村三次产业融合发展的影响机理,然后利用2011—2020年中国30个省份的面板数据,测算了数字经济发展水平和农村三次产业融合发展水平,实证分析了数字经济对农村三次产业融合发展的影响效应及作用机制。实证结果表明:数字经济对农村三次产业融合发展有显著的促进作用,这一结论在考虑了内生性问题以及一系列稳健性检验以后依然成立。异质性检验结果表明,西部地区农村三次产业融合发展获得的数字红利比东部及中部地区更加显著。技术创新和产业结构升级是数字经济促进农村三次产业融合发展的重要机制。基于此,各个地区应在进一步巩固数字经济发展红利的基础上,实施差异化发展战略,更好地促进农村三次产业融合发展。

数字经济助力农村一二三产业融合发展的策略分析

随着数字经济的快速发展,数字经济对促进农村一二三产业融合发展,助力乡村振兴有着重要的作用。分析了数字经济促进农村产业融合现存的问题:一是农村产业融合度低,缺乏外部支持;二是农村基础设施落后,制约规模化发展;三是缺乏完善的结构机制,影响主体参与积极性;四是数字经济应用不足,主体融合不紧密;五是乡村产业发展落后,电商地域差异显著。针对融合发展的现实困境及新挑战,从问题出发,提出信息技术、数字金融、互联网和电商、智慧农业、创新服务业共同推动产业融合,延伸农村产业融合链条的对策建议,以促进数字经济在农村一二三产业融合发展中的全面应用。

数字经济对农业农村现代化发展的驱动效应研究

在梳理数字经济助力农业农村现代化发展机理的基础上,以2011—2020年我国30个省区市的面板数据为研究对象,运用面板模型实证分析数字经济对农业农村现代化发展的影响与作用机制.研究表明,数字经济能够正向促进农业农村现代化发展,即具有显著的驱动效应;数字经济对农业农村的驱动效应存在区域差异,呈现“东北>东部>中部>西部”的发展态势;经济发展水平、政府支农力度以及区域创新水平是数字经济驱动农业农村现代化发展的重要路径;数字经济对农业农村现代化发展的驱动效应表现为门槛效应,数字经济对于经济发展水平较低的地区的驱动效应最为显著.对此,应推动数字经济与农业农村现代化的深度融合,实现农业农村的可持续发展;健全数字化转型的投入支持体系与技术创新体系,巩固农业农村现代化发展的要素保障与内生动力保障;遵循区域地理环境差异,因地制宜推动农业差异化发展.