Quaternized cellulose( QC) derivatives were synthesized by reacting cellulose with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride( CHPTAC) in an aqueous solution of Na OH-urea. The chemical structures and physic...Quaternized cellulose( QC) derivatives were synthesized by reacting cellulose with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride( CHPTAC) in an aqueous solution of Na OH-urea. The chemical structures and physical properties of the obtained QC derivatives were characterized using nitrogen content analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR),~1H-nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR),X-ray diffraction( XRD),and thermal gravity analysis( TGA). The FT-IR and ~1H-NMR results confirmed the successful introduction of cationic quaternary ammonium groups into the main chain of cellulose. A series of QC derivatives with the degree of substitution( DS) values ranging from 0. 33 to 0. 80 were derived by adjusting the molar ratio of CHPTAC to anhydroglucose unit( AGU) of cellulose,concentration of cellulose in the Na OH-urea solution,as well as reaction temperature and time. According to the DS values of the QC derivatives,the optimized synthetic conditions were as follows: 25℃ reaction temperature,3% cellulose in Na OH-urea solution,the molar ratio of etherification agent to glycosidic cellulose of 15∶ 1,and 12 h reaction time. The TGA and XRD results revealed that the crystalline structure was destroyed during etherification,and the thermal stability of the QC derivatives was lower than that of cellulose.展开更多
Light weight and mechanically strong α-chitin aerogels were fabricated using the sol-gel/self-assembly method from α-chitin in different aqueous alkali hydroxide(KOH, Na OH and Li OH)/urea solutions. All of the α-c...Light weight and mechanically strong α-chitin aerogels were fabricated using the sol-gel/self-assembly method from α-chitin in different aqueous alkali hydroxide(KOH, Na OH and Li OH)/urea solutions. All of the α-chitin solutions exhibited temperature-induced rapid gelation behavior. 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectra revealed that the aqueous alkali hydroxide/urea solutions are non-derivatizing solvents for α-chitin. Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and cross-polarization magic angle spinning(CP/MAS) 13 C NMR confirmed that α-chitin has a stable aggregate structure after undergoing dissolution and regeneration. Subsequently, nanostructured α-chitin aerogels were fabricated by regeneration from the chitin solutions in ethanol and then freeze-drying from t-Bu OH. These α-chitin aerogels exhibited high porosity(87% to 94%), low density(0.09 to 0.19 g/cm^3), high specific surface area(419 to 535 m^2/g) and large pore volume(2.7 to 3.8 cm^3/g). Moreover, the α-chitin aerogels exhibited good mechanical properties under compression and tension models. In vitro studies showed that m BMSCs cultured on chitin hydrogels have good biocompatibility. These nanostructured α-chitin aerogels may be useful for various applications, such as catalyst supports, carbon aerogel precursors and biomedical materials.展开更多
目的对纸质食品包装材料中松香酸抽提方案进行优化。方法分别采用超声萃取法、微波萃取法、索氏萃取法、Na OH/尿素/硫脲混合碱溶液溶解-超声提取法对纸质食品包装材料中的松香酸进行提取,并对提取产物进行了高效液相色谱法分析,比较4...目的对纸质食品包装材料中松香酸抽提方案进行优化。方法分别采用超声萃取法、微波萃取法、索氏萃取法、Na OH/尿素/硫脲混合碱溶液溶解-超声提取法对纸质食品包装材料中的松香酸进行提取,并对提取产物进行了高效液相色谱法分析,比较4种提取方法的提取效果,并对经4种提取方法提取后的样品进行了电子显微镜分析,观察提取后的样品中松香的残留情况。结果经混合碱溶液-超声提取法处理的样品,松香酸含量测定值明显高于其他三种方法。经超声萃取法、微波萃取法和索氏萃取法处理的样品中均残留有松香,而经混合碱溶液-超声提取法处理的样品中未观察到松香残留,与高效液相色谱分析的结果一致。结论 Na OH/尿素/硫脲混合碱溶液溶解-超声提取法可以完全提取样品中的松香酸。展开更多
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31500493)the Liaoning Educational Common Scientific Research Project(No.L2015044)+1 种基金the Liaoning Natural Science Foundation(No.2015020576)the Open Foundation of the Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology,and Ministry of Education(Shandong Province),Qilu University of Technology(No.08031338)
文摘Quaternized cellulose( QC) derivatives were synthesized by reacting cellulose with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride( CHPTAC) in an aqueous solution of Na OH-urea. The chemical structures and physical properties of the obtained QC derivatives were characterized using nitrogen content analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR),~1H-nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR),X-ray diffraction( XRD),and thermal gravity analysis( TGA). The FT-IR and ~1H-NMR results confirmed the successful introduction of cationic quaternary ammonium groups into the main chain of cellulose. A series of QC derivatives with the degree of substitution( DS) values ranging from 0. 33 to 0. 80 were derived by adjusting the molar ratio of CHPTAC to anhydroglucose unit( AGU) of cellulose,concentration of cellulose in the Na OH-urea solution,as well as reaction temperature and time. According to the DS values of the QC derivatives,the optimized synthetic conditions were as follows: 25℃ reaction temperature,3% cellulose in Na OH-urea solution,the molar ratio of etherification agent to glycosidic cellulose of 15∶ 1,and 12 h reaction time. The TGA and XRD results revealed that the crystalline structure was destroyed during etherification,and the thermal stability of the QC derivatives was lower than that of cellulose.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21422405, 51373125)the Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (21334005)+1 种基金the facility support of the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincethe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Light weight and mechanically strong α-chitin aerogels were fabricated using the sol-gel/self-assembly method from α-chitin in different aqueous alkali hydroxide(KOH, Na OH and Li OH)/urea solutions. All of the α-chitin solutions exhibited temperature-induced rapid gelation behavior. 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectra revealed that the aqueous alkali hydroxide/urea solutions are non-derivatizing solvents for α-chitin. Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and cross-polarization magic angle spinning(CP/MAS) 13 C NMR confirmed that α-chitin has a stable aggregate structure after undergoing dissolution and regeneration. Subsequently, nanostructured α-chitin aerogels were fabricated by regeneration from the chitin solutions in ethanol and then freeze-drying from t-Bu OH. These α-chitin aerogels exhibited high porosity(87% to 94%), low density(0.09 to 0.19 g/cm^3), high specific surface area(419 to 535 m^2/g) and large pore volume(2.7 to 3.8 cm^3/g). Moreover, the α-chitin aerogels exhibited good mechanical properties under compression and tension models. In vitro studies showed that m BMSCs cultured on chitin hydrogels have good biocompatibility. These nanostructured α-chitin aerogels may be useful for various applications, such as catalyst supports, carbon aerogel precursors and biomedical materials.
文摘目的对纸质食品包装材料中松香酸抽提方案进行优化。方法分别采用超声萃取法、微波萃取法、索氏萃取法、Na OH/尿素/硫脲混合碱溶液溶解-超声提取法对纸质食品包装材料中的松香酸进行提取,并对提取产物进行了高效液相色谱法分析,比较4种提取方法的提取效果,并对经4种提取方法提取后的样品进行了电子显微镜分析,观察提取后的样品中松香的残留情况。结果经混合碱溶液-超声提取法处理的样品,松香酸含量测定值明显高于其他三种方法。经超声萃取法、微波萃取法和索氏萃取法处理的样品中均残留有松香,而经混合碱溶液-超声提取法处理的样品中未观察到松香残留,与高效液相色谱分析的结果一致。结论 Na OH/尿素/硫脲混合碱溶液溶解-超声提取法可以完全提取样品中的松香酸。
