The effect of electrolyte on settling behavior of kaolinite was studied. Effects of hard water on selective flocculation of diasporic bauxite was tested and the measures were taken to eliminate the effects of Ca2+ an...The effect of electrolyte on settling behavior of kaolinite was studied. Effects of hard water on selective flocculation of diasporic bauxite was tested and the measures were taken to eliminate the effects of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in hard water. The results indicated that, not only the concentration of electrolyte ions but also the ionic valence of the electrolyte ions affects the settling behavior of kaolinite; hard water significantly affects its selective flocculation owing to Ca2+ and Mg2+; general dispersants could not eliminate the effects of Ca2+ and Mg2+. Self-made softening agent in our lab could weaken or eliminate the effects of hard water on flocculation processes. The results of molecular dynamics simulation show that softening agent molecules could restrict Ca2+ and prevent them from playing their roles, so as to eliminate the effects. The continuous pilot experiment results of bauxite flocculation were even better than those obtained in laboratory.展开更多
The aim of this work was to investigate the electrical resistance change of electro-textiles manufactured using cotton fabrics with stainless steel and silver plated PA yarns incorporation after being subjected to hom...The aim of this work was to investigate the electrical resistance change of electro-textiles manufactured using cotton fabrics with stainless steel and silver plated PA yarns incorporation after being subjected to home laundering, i.e. detergent washing and silicone softening. Electrical resistances of conductive yams inside the fabric structure were compared and discussed statistically before and after washing and softener application. Greatest changes in electrical resistances were observed with samples including silver plated PA yams. After five washing cycles with detergent, silicone softening agent is removed from yarns by washing, and thus conductivity increases. Further washing of e-textiles with detergent for five more cycles causes decrease in conductivity, because of chemical effects of detergent and mechanical effects of washing process such as abrasion due to friction. Detergent which has negative reactive sites bonds with metal ions reduces conductivity.展开更多
基金Project (2005CB623701) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘The effect of electrolyte on settling behavior of kaolinite was studied. Effects of hard water on selective flocculation of diasporic bauxite was tested and the measures were taken to eliminate the effects of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in hard water. The results indicated that, not only the concentration of electrolyte ions but also the ionic valence of the electrolyte ions affects the settling behavior of kaolinite; hard water significantly affects its selective flocculation owing to Ca2+ and Mg2+; general dispersants could not eliminate the effects of Ca2+ and Mg2+. Self-made softening agent in our lab could weaken or eliminate the effects of hard water on flocculation processes. The results of molecular dynamics simulation show that softening agent molecules could restrict Ca2+ and prevent them from playing their roles, so as to eliminate the effects. The continuous pilot experiment results of bauxite flocculation were even better than those obtained in laboratory.
文摘The aim of this work was to investigate the electrical resistance change of electro-textiles manufactured using cotton fabrics with stainless steel and silver plated PA yarns incorporation after being subjected to home laundering, i.e. detergent washing and silicone softening. Electrical resistances of conductive yams inside the fabric structure were compared and discussed statistically before and after washing and softener application. Greatest changes in electrical resistances were observed with samples including silver plated PA yams. After five washing cycles with detergent, silicone softening agent is removed from yarns by washing, and thus conductivity increases. Further washing of e-textiles with detergent for five more cycles causes decrease in conductivity, because of chemical effects of detergent and mechanical effects of washing process such as abrasion due to friction. Detergent which has negative reactive sites bonds with metal ions reduces conductivity.