Preliminary Hydrogeologic Modeling and Optimal Monitoring Network Design for a Contaminated Abandoned Mine Site Area: Application of Developed Monitoring Network Design Software

In abandoned mine sites, i.e., mine sites where mining operations have ended, wide spread contaminations are often evident, but the potential sources and pathways of contamination especially through the subsurface, are difficult to identify due to inadequate and sparse geochemical measurements available. Therefore, it is essential to design and implement a planned monitoring net-work to obtain essential information required for establishing the potential contamination source locations, i.e., waste dumps, tailing dams, pits and possible pathways through the subsurface, and to design a remediation strategy for rehabilitation. This study presents an illustrative application of modeling the flow and transport processes and monitoring network design in a study area hydrogeologically resembling an abandoned mine site in Queensland, Australia. In this preliminary study, the contaminant transport process modeled does not incorporate the reactive geochemistry of the contaminants. The transport process is modeled considering a generic conservative contaminant for the illustrative purpose of showing the potential application of an optimal monitoring design methodology. This study aims to design optimal monitoring network to: 1) minimize the contaminant solute mass estimation error;2) locate the plume boundary;3) select the monitoring locations with (potentially) high concentrations. A linked simulation optimization based methodology is utilized for optimal monitoring network design. The methodology is applied utilizing a recently developed software package CARE-GWMND, developed at James Cook University for optimal monitoring network design. Given the complexity of the groundwater systems and the sparsity of pollutant concentration observation data from the field, this software is capable of simulating the groundwater flow and solute transport with spatial interpolation of data from a sparse set of available data, and it utilizes the optimization algorithm to determine optimum locations for implementing monitoring wells.

Exploration of the Integration of Software Engineering Thinking into Embedded System Design Course

Engineering practice is the key bridge between college education and actual work in the industry.In order to deliver qualified talents with engineering quality to the industry,this paper explores integrating software engineering thinking into the Embedded System Design course.A practical and effective teaching mode is designed consisting of immersive learning,case-based learning,progressive practice,interactive learning,and autonomous learning.Through this teaching mode,multi-levels of closed-loop have been established including final project cycle closed-loop,testing cycle closed-loop,and product cycle closed-loop.During this process,students gradually transition to putting forward product requirements,carrying out design and development,thinking and solving problems,collaborating,and assuring quality from the perspective of software engineering.The practice results show that students’engineering quality has been significantly improved.

A New Software for GIS Image Pixel Topographic Fac－tors in Remote Sensing Monitoring of Soil Losses

Based on the new algorithm for GIS image pixel topographic factors in remote sensing monitoring ofsoil losses, a software was developed for microcomputer to carry out computation at a medium river basin(county). This paper lays its emphasis on algorithmic skills and programming techniques as well as applicationof the software.

Statistical Analysis of Process Monitoring Data for Software Process Improvement and Its Application

Software projects influenced by many human factors generate various risks. In order to develop highly quality software, it is important to respond to these risks reasonably and promptly. In addition, it is not easy for project managers to deal with these risks completely. Therefore, it is essential to manage the process quality by promoting activities of process monitoring and design quality assessment. In this paper, we discuss statistical data analysis for actual project management activities in process monitoring and design quality assessment, and analyze the effects for these software process improvement quantitatively by applying the methods of multivariate analysis. Then, we show how process factors affect the management measures of QCD (Quality, Cost, Delivery) by applying the multiple regression analyses to observed process monitoring data. Further, we quantitatively evaluate the effect by performing design quality assessment based on the principal component analysis and the factor analysis. As a result of analysis, we show that the design quality assessment activities are so effective for software process improvement. Further, based on the result of quantitative project assessment, we discuss the usefulness of process monitoring progress assessment by using a software reliability growth model. This result may enable us to give a useful quantitative measure of product release determination.

Design of new biomedical titanium alloy based on d-electron alloy design theory and JMatPro software

A new kind offl biomedical titanium alloy, Ti-35Nb-4Sn-6Mo-9Zr, composed of non-toxic elements Nb, Mo, Zr and Sn with lower elastic modulus and higher strength was designed based on d-electron alloy design theory and JMatPro software using orthogonal experiment. The microstructure and basic mechanical properties of designed alloy were investigated. The results show that the alloy is composed of single fl equiaxed grains after solution treatment at 800 ~C. Compared with Ti-6A1-4V, the mechanical properties of the designed alloy are more excellent： E=65 GPa, σb=834 MPa, σ0.2=802 MPa, and σ=11%, which is expected to become a promising new type implanted material. The research approach adopted can reduce the experimental time and cost effectively, and get the ideal experimental results.

Comparison of Measured Trough Values after Deriving the Initial Dose Setting of Vancomycin with a Conventional Computer Software and a Nomogram Based on the Revised Japanese 2016 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Guidelines for Antimicrobial Agents

Background: Due to the relatively high renal toxicity of vancomycin injection (VCM), setting an initial dose that achieves a trough that ranges between 10 and 20 μg/mL on day 3 is important to ensure safety and minimize side-effects, especially for patients with low renal function. To address these issues, the revised 2016 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) Guidelines for Antimicrobial Agents (GL2016) proposed the use of a renal function-based, estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) nomogram for setting the dose of VCM in Japan. Methods: Our hospital introduced the use of the GL2016 in September 2016 for the patients administered VCM. After setting the initial VCM dose using 1) a conventional VCM analysis software and 2) the GL2016 eGFR nomogram, the measured trough values on day 3 were compared and evaluated in this study. Results: With the VCM analysis software, the mean measured trough value in the a-total group (n = 53) was 12.8 ± 4.7 μg/mL. With the eGFR nomogram, the mean measured trough value in the b-total group (n = 13) was 9.6 ± 4.6 μg/mL. However, when the different severities of renal function were compared, the mean measured trough value was more significantly lower in the b-1 group than in the a-1 group among subjects with G2 and above (eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2), but it was similar between the a-2 group and the b-2 group among subjects with G3 and below (eGFR 60 mL/min/1.73 m2). The proportion of subjects reaching the various trough ranges shows similar tendency. Conclusions: These data suggested that the measured trough value on day 3 was generally lower when the initial dose was established using the eGFR nomogram based on the GL2016, and this was especially prominent among patients with normal renal function. As for subjects with low renal function, the trough values were relatively high while ensuring safety.

Design Mode for Component-based Virtual Plant Software

According to the morphological structure characteristics of plants, the de- velopment mode for component-based virtual plants software was put forward, and the internal structure of plant organs component under this mode were analyzed, thereby, the overall design mode for virtual plants software was given out, and its characteristics were estimated. Compared with traditional development modes of virtual plants software, component-based virtual plants software had significant advantages in code reusing, development efficiency and expansion of software functions.

Maturity assessment model for aircraft collaborative design software solution

In order to assure quality and control process in the development of the aircraft collaborative design software, a maturity assessment model is proposed. The requirements designing—house of quality is designed to evaluate the maturity degree of the solution, and the evaluation results can help to manage and control the development process. Furthermore, a fuzzy evaluation method based on the minimum deviation is proposed to deal with the fuzzy information. The quantitative evaluation result of the maturity degree can be calculated by optimizing the semantic discount factor aim for the minimum deviation. Finally, this model is illustrated and analyzed by an example study of the aircraft collaborative design software.

Orthogonal experiment design of EMI of security monitoring system in coal mines

Security monitoring system of coal mines is indispensable to ensure the safe and efficient production of colliery. Due to the special and narrow underground field of the coal mine, the electromagnetic interference can cause a series of misstatements and false positives on the monitoring system, which will severely hamper the safe production of coal industry. In this paper, first, the frequency characteristics of the interference source on the power line are extracted when equipment runs normally. Then the finite difference time domain method is introduced to analyze the effects of the electromagnetic interference parameters on the security monitoring signal line. And the interference voltage of the two terminal sides on the single line is taken as evaluating indexes. Finally, the electromagnetic interference parameters are optimized by orthogonal experimental design based on the MATLAB simulation on the normal operation of equipment.

Strategic Contracting for Software Upgrade Outsourcing in Industry 4.0

The advent of Industry 4.0 has compelled businesses to adopt digital approaches that combine software toenhance production efficiency. In this rapidly evolving market, software development is an ongoing process thatmust be tailored to meet the dynamic needs of enterprises. However, internal research and development can beprohibitively expensive, driving many enterprises to outsource software development and upgrades to externalservice providers. This paper presents a software upgrade outsourcing model for enterprises and service providersthat accounts for the impact of market fluctuations on software adaptability. To mitigate the risk of adverseselection due to asymmetric information about the service provider’s cost and asymmetric information aboutthe enterprise’s revenues, we propose pay-per-time and revenue-sharing contracts in two distinct informationasymmetry scenarios. These two contracts specify the time and transfer payments for software upgrades. Througha comparative analysis of the optimal solutions under the two contracts and centralized decision-making withfull-information, we examine the characteristics of the solutions under two information asymmetry scenarios andanalyze the incentive effects of the two contracts on the various stakeholders. Overall, our study offers valuableinsights for firms seeking to optimize their outsourcing strategies and maximize their returns on investment insoftware upgrades.

Identification of Contaminant Source Characteristics and Monitoring Network Design in Groundwater Aquifers: An Overview

The groundwater system is often polluted by different sources of contamination where the sources are difficult to detect. The presence of contamination in groundwater poses significant challenges to its delineation and quantification. The remediation of a contaminated site requires an optimal decision making system to identify the pollutant source characteristics accurately and efficiently. The source characteristics are generally identified using contaminant concentration measurements from arbitrary or planned monitoring locations. To effectively characterize the sources of pollution, the monitoring locations should be selected appropriately. An efficient monitoring network will result in satisfactory characterization of contaminant sources. On the other hand, an appropriate design of monitoring network requires reliable source characteristics. A coupled iterative sequential source identification and dynamic monitoring network design, improves substantially the accuracy of source identification model. This paper reviews different source identification and monitoring network design methods in groundwater contaminant sites. Further, the models for sequential integration of these two models are presented. The effective integration of source identification and dedicated monitoring network design models, distributed sources, parameter uncertainty, and pollutant geo-chemistry are some of the issues which need to be addressed in efficient, accurate and widely applicable methodologies for identification of unknown pollutant sources in contaminated aquifers.

3D Digital Design of Cranes' Structures Based on Hybrid Software Architecture

3D digital design for cranes’ structures based on hybrid software architecture of Client/Server and Browser/Server is introduced in this paper. Based on Pro/ENGINEER platform,3D parametric model family is built to allow generation of feasible configurations of cranes’ structures in Client/Server framework. Taking use of Visual C++,the second exploiting software kit provided by Pro/ENGINEER and ANSYS GUI/APDL modeling patterns,an integration method of 3D CAD and CAE is achieved,which includes regeneration of 3D parametric model,synchronous updating and analysis of FEA model. As in Browser/Server framework,the 3D CAD models of parts,components and the whole structure could also be displayed in the customer’s browser in VRML format.

Communications in Industrial Monitor Software

Almost all industrial monitor software utilizes network communication. This paper mainly describes how the industrial monitor application selects the communication method. It also details some implementing techniques.

Clinical/Behavioral Monitoring of Rodents and Rabbits Undergoing Scientific Experiments

Background: We currently have international and national guidelines regarding the assessment and monitoring of clinical signs and humane endpoints in animals used in teaching and research, which make the performance of these activities mandatory for any experiment and professional working in this area. Assigning the severity of a research experiment is the result of an analysis of records of observations of the animal’s behavior, and clinical signs. The aim of this study was to describe the importance of carrying out a severity assessment associated with clinical and behavioral monitoring of rodents and rabbits during experimentation to maintain the welfare of these animals undergoing scientific research. Methods: The literature search was carried out using the following terms: “Monitoring”;“Humane endpoints”;“Animal welfare”, “Rodents”;“Rabbits”, and as connectors “and”;“or”, in the following databases: PubMed;LILACS/BIREME and SciELO. Results: A total of 987 articles were identified in the databases, and 20 of these studies were included in this review. Conclusions: Humane endpoint protocols and procedure severity tables are of the utmost importance, both from an ethical point and to refine the results of research conducted on laboratory animals. They should be drawn up jointly by the teams responsible for the project and the maintenance of the animals during the research period, and the data obtained should be published so that the scientific community can have access to it, helping to disseminate these practices, as well as helping to draw up new procedures. Monitoring and evaluating the welfare and clinical condition of animals undergoing scientific research procedures is the responsibility of the professors, researchers, veterinarians, and animal facility coordinators. The Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals must monitor all the activities conducted with the animals, by inspecting the experimental procedures and the physical environment of the laboratory animal facility where the animals are housed.

A Case Study on Design Patterns and Software Defects in Open Source Software

Design patterns are object oriented software design practices for solving common design problems and they affect software quality. In this study, we investigate the relationship of design patterns and software defects in a number of open source software projects. Design pattern instances are extracted from the source code repository of these open source software projects. Software defect metrics are extracted from the bug tracking systems of these projects. Using correlation and regression analysis on extracted data, we examine the relationship between design patterns and software defects. Our findings indicate that there is little correlation between the total number of design pattern instances and the number of defects. However, our regression analysis reveals that individual design pattern instances as a group have strong influences on the number of defects. Furthermore, we find that the number of design pattern instances is positively correlated to defect priority. Individual design pattern instances may have positive or negative impacts on defect priority.

Design of Integrated Monitoring and Early Warning System of Urban Rail Transit Train Running State

The monitoring and warning of urban rail transit is the core of operation management, and the breadth and depth of the monitoring range directly affect the quality of urban rail transit operation. For the current domestic monitoring system, most of the critical equipments and technologies are introduced from abroad;it is diseconomy, and also causes hidden danger. Realizing the localization of monitoring and early warning system is imperative. Based on the analysis of the present situation of urban rail transit operation safety at home and abroad, the paper proposes to use integrated technology to design basic framework of monitoring and warning system of urban rail train, and puts forward the critical technologies to realize the system. Compared with the existing monitoring system, the integrated monitoring system has the characteristics of wide monitoring range, clear division of labor, centralized management, coordination and integration operation and intelligent management, and embodies the concept of people-oriented. It has scientific significance for future construction of domestic Integrated Monitoring and Early Warning System (IMEWS) of urban rail transit.

Design Knowledge and Software Engineering

This paper points out various relationships between Design Knowledge and Software Engineering. After introduction of human design, the relationships between industrial Software Engineering is discussed, then further details of human design knowledge are revealed with discussions on humanistic aspects of design.

Analysis and design for architecture-based software

The technologies of software architecture are introduced, and the software analysis-and-design process is divided into requirement analysis, software architecture design and system design. Using these technologies, a model of architecture-centric software analysis and design process（ACSADP） is proposed. Meanwhile, with regard to the completeness, consistency and correctness between the software requirements and design results, the theories of function and process control are applied to ACSADP. Finally, a model of integrated development environnment （IDE） for ACSADP is propcsed. It can be demonstrated by the practice that the model of ACSADP can aid developer to manage software process effectively and improve the quality of software analysis and design.

APPLICATION OF SEPARABILITY ORITERION IN DESIGN OF DEFORMATION MONITORING NETWORKS

A monitoring scheme must be so designed that several possible mod-els can be efficiently separated in the stage of analysis of deformation measure-ments.Based on the concept of separability developed by Chen and Chrzanowski,a methodology for the design of monitoring schemes has been developed by the au-thors.In the method a computer simulation technique is employed,into whichsome rules have been elaborated allowing minimal human intervention.In this pa-per the criterion is first presented and the design technique using the step one up-dating procedure is discussed.Finally,design of a simulated monitoring networkis made as a demonstrating example.

Non-derivative solution to nonlinear dynamic optimal design of class two for deformation network monitoring

Based on the nonlinear error equation of deformation network monitoring, the mathematical model of nonlinear dynamic optimal design of class two was put forward for the deformation network monitoring, in which the target function is the accuracy criterion and the constraint conditions are the network’s sensitivity, reliability and observing cost. Meanwhile a new non derivative solution to the nonlinear dynamic optimal design of class two was also put forward. The solving model uses the difference to stand for the first derivative of functions and solves the revised feasible direction to get the optimal solution to unknown parameters. It can not only make the solution to converge on the minimum point of the constraint problem, but decrease the calculating load.