Catalysis of Dissolved and Adsorbed Iron in Soil Suspension for Chromium(VI) Reduction by Sulfide

The kinetics of Cr(VI) reduction by sulfide in soil suspensions with various pHs, soil compositions, and Fe(II) concentrations was examined using batch anaerobic experimental systems at constant temperature. The results showed that the reaction rate of Cr(VI) reduction was in the order of red soil < yellow-brown soil < chernozem and was proportional to the concentration of HCl-extractable iron in the soils. Dissolved and adsorbed iron in soil suspensions played an important role in accelerating Cr(VI) reduction. The reaction involved in the Cr(VI) reduction by Fe(II) to produce Fe(III), which was reduced to Fe(II) again by sulfide, could represent the catalytic pathway until about 70% of the initially present Cr(VI) was reduced. The catalysis occurred because the one-step reduction of Cr(VI) by sulfide was slower than the two-step process consisting of rapid Cr(VI) reduction by Fe(II) followed by Fe(III) reduction by sulfide. In essence, Fe(II)/Fe(III) species shuttle electrons from sulfide to Cr(VI), facilitating the reaction. The effect of iron, however, could be completely blocked by adding a strong Fe(II)-complexing ligand, 1,10-phenanthroline, to the soil suspensions. In all the experiments, initial sulfide concentration was much higher than initial Cr(VI) concentration. The plots of lnc[Cr(VI)] versus reaction time were linear up to approximately 70% of Cr(VI) reduction, suggesting a first-order reaction kinetics with respect to Cr(VI). Elemental sulfur, the product of sulfide oxidation, was found to accelerate Cr(VI) reduction at a later stage of the reaction, resulting in deviation from linearity for the lnc[Cr(VI)] versus time plots.

Chromium accumulation, microorganism population and enzyme activities in soils around chromium-containing slag heap of steel alloy factory

The environmental risk of chromium pollution is pronounced in soils adjacent to chromate industry. It is important to investigate the functioning of soil microorganisms in ecosystems exposed to long-term contamination by chromium. 45 soil samples obtained from different places of the slag heap in a steel alloy factory were analyzed for chromium contamination level and its effect on soil microorganisms and enzyme activities. The results show that the average concentrations of total Cr in the soil under the slag heap, adjacent to the slag heap and outside the factory exceed the threshold of Secondary Environmental Quality Standard for Soil in China by 354%, 540% and 184%, respectively, and are 15, 21 and 9 times higher than the local background value, respectively. Elevated chromium loadings result in changes in the activity of the soil microbe, as indicated by the negative correlations between soil microbial population and chromium contents. Dehydrogenase activity is greatly depressed by chromium in the soil. The results imply that dehydrogenase activity can be used as an indicator for the chromium pollution level in the area of the steel alloy factory.

Chemical Behavior of Chromium in Soils: Ⅲ. Mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ) Adsorption by Soils

An analysis of Cr(Ⅵ)-sorbed surface of the soils by using a scanning electron microscope and an electron probe microscope has proved that aluminium is the chief element affecting Cr(Ⅵ）adsoption.As the ionic strength of the solution increased,the amounts of Cr(Ⅵ) adsorbed by goethite and soils decreased.Cr(Ⅵ) absorption was greatly depressed in the presence of SO4^2-,WO4^2-,MoO4^2-,HPO4^1- and H2PO4^- which competed for anion adsorption sites.The depressing extent of these anions was found to follow the sequence:HPO4^2-,H2PO4^-> MoO4^2-> WO4^2->SO4^2->> Cl^-,NO3^-.The amounts of Cr(Ⅵ) desorption varied with different extractants.0.5M NH4F and 0.1M KH2PO4 could be regarded as the best extractants for Cr(Ⅵ) sorbed in the soils.The mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption by goethite and soils seemed to be similar to that of phosphate.Basically,Cr(Ⅵ) was adsorbed through specific adsorption and could not be desorbed by Cl^- and NO3^-.Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption on goethite released OH^-.There was a significant correlation between the amounts of Cr(Ⅵ) adsorbed and pH variation in goethite suspension.

Sorption Characteristics of Hexavalent Chromium in the Soil Based on Batch Experiment and Their Implications to the Environment

The objective of this experimental study was to determine the kinetics and equilibrium sorption of Cr(VI) in soils collected from Hengshui City of Hebei Province, China, based on batch experiments. The main concentration for this paper is on the effect of soil pH, solute concentration and ionic strength as the variable factors in the sorption of Cr(VI) in soils and the assessment of their implications to the environment. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used for Cr(III) analysis;UV-VIS Spectrophotometer for quantification of Cr(VI) in soil samples and determination of electrical conductivity and temperature of the soil samples;and Automatic Laser Particle Size Analyzer LS230 for the determination of soil physical characteristics. Results from this study show that adsorption and reduction are major reactions accounting for removal of Cr(VI) from soil solution. It is concluded that chemical reactions such as reduction, strongly influence Cr(VI) mobility in soil. Adsorption kinetics experiments indicated that Cr(VI) removal from soil solution increases with increasing solute concentration, with decreasing pH and with decreasing ionic strength. Adsorption reactions reached equilibrium within 12 hours in batch reactors. Increasing background electrolyte concentration (KCI) decreases Cr(VI) adsorption on soil. The Cr(VI) adsorption isotherm for this soils conforms well to the Langmuir isotherm at constant pH. Two Cr(VI) adsorption parameters: the maximum sorption capacity (Qo) and Langmuir adsorption constant (KL), were determined as 1.0135 × 10-4 mol/g and 0.0622 mg/L, respectively. The reduction of Cr(VI) into less toxic Cr(III), means reduction of significant environmental problems. Finally, this study advises relevant environmental governing authorities to observeperiodic monitoring of the status of Cr(VI) in soils.

Spatial distribution of chromium in soils contaminated by chromium-containing slag

To evaluate the metal chromium (Cr) contamination of soil at a chromium-containing slag site by ferrochromium production, the contaminated sites, under slag heap, in the vicinity of slag heap and arable soils near the outlet of sewer channel, and unpolluted site 5 km away from one ferroalloy plant in Hunan Province, China, were selected. The concentrations of total Cr and water soluble Cr in bulk soil samples and profile depth samples were determined. The results show that the soils in the vicinity of slag heap have the highest total Cr content followed by the soils under the slag heap and near the outlet of sewer channel of the factory. The mean concentrations of total Cr in the top soils at above three contaminated locations exceed the critical level of Secondary Environmental Quality Standard for Soil in China by 3.5, 5.4 and 1.8 times. In most Cr polluted soils, total Cr has a relative accumulation in soil depth of 40-60 cm, but this trend is not found in unpolluted soils. The average concentrations of water soluble Cr (Ⅵ) in top soils under slag heap and in the vicinity of slag heap are 176.9 times and 52.7 times higher than that in the uncontaminated soils, respectively. However, water soluble Cr (Ⅵ) contents in soils near sewer channel are all low and the values are close to that in the uncontaminated soils. Although water soluble Cr (Ⅵ) content in soil profiles decreases with soil depths, it in soils under slag heap maintains a high level even at a depth of 100-150 cm. The results imply that the transportation of Cr (Ⅵ) can result in a potential risk of groundwater system in this area.

Food-Security Indexes Related to Combined Pollution of Chromium and Phenol in Soil-Rice Systems

The pot-culture method combined with chemical and statistical analyses was used to get basic data for determination of the food-security indexes related to combined pollution of Cr and phenol in soil-rice systems.Regression analyses according to the experimental result indicated that the critical concentrations of Cr andphenol in brown rice were 0.37 and 0.33 mg kg-1, respectively, under the condition of Cr-phenol combined pollution.

The Fate of Chromium in Weathered Ultramafic Rocks and Their Derivitative Soils in Cuba: Clues from Spectroscopic Studies

In its cationic,trivalent form,Chromium(Cr)it is a micronutrient,and exhibits low environmental mobility.In hexavalent form,however,it is a human carcinogen and also highly mobile.Climate is a key environmental factor controlling weathering rates and stability of primary and secondary Cr-bearing minerals.Knowledge of Cr oxidation state and mineral residence is therefore essential to estimating the risk posed by Cr in serpentinites,chromite mine wastes,and soils developed on these parent materials.X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)is currently the best available technique for determination of the relative abundance of Cr(III)and Cr(VI)in situ(that is,without digestion of solid phases).A brief review of relevant XAS studies of is presented below,focusing on studies in tropical climates1,as they will be most relevant to eastern Cuba’s extensively serpentinized ophiolite belt.Cr(III)-bearing spinels are usually the dominant and most refractory Cr host in ultramafic rocks.Previous XAS studies2 indicate that in tropical climates,Cr-spinels weather rapidly to form Cr(III)-bearing secondary Fe(III)(hydr)oxides(goethite,hematite).Manganese(Mn)is also enriched in ultramafic rocks2;as Mn(IV),it can also co-precipitate with Fe(III)(hydr)oxides,or form its own secondary(hydr)oxides.A previous study found up to 20%Cr(VI)in in a tropical,serpentine soil that contained substantial Mn,and a strong correlation between the*amounts of Cr(VI)and Mn(IV)in the soil profile2.Theresults of several XAS studies suggest that a close association of Mn(IV)and Cr(III)in secondary Fe(hydr)oxides is necessary for oxidation of Cr(III)to Cr(VI)via electron transfer reactions with Mn(IV);however,additional XAS studies have shown that organic matter3and Cr-bearing aluminosilicates4 may also be important sources of Cr(III)to the environment under specific conditions.The stability and fate of Cr has not been studied in detail for these two host phase types,to the best of our knowledge.Access to XAS facilities to perform Cr geochemical experiments is limited and will only become more so in the future.We are working to develop and apply(micro)Raman spectroscopy to evaluate Cr oxidation state and mineral residence(in crystalline and amorphous materials).In addition to standard Raman scattering,we are employing resonance Raman(785 nm laser)to enhance signal from Cr(VI)-bearing phases and laser-stimulated photoluminescence to identify Cr(III)associated with Al-rich alteration products

不同材料复合添加对土壤铬形态的影响

以铬污染黄壤为研究对象,选择有机材料(泥炭)、pH值调节剂(沸石)、生物炭(鸡粪)3种不同种类的土壤重金属污染改良剂,采用正交试验L_(9)(3^(4))设计和室内盆栽试验,考察不同复合材料组对土壤中重金属铬形态、pH值、有机质含量的影响。结果表明:沸石的添加提高了土壤pH值、有机质含量,增加了土壤可还原态、可氧化态铬含量;鸡粪的添加通过提高土壤pH值从而增加土壤可还原态铬的含量;泥炭的添加提高了土壤有机质含量、土壤可氧化态铬含量,降低了土壤可交换态铬含量。

螯合剂与低分子有机酸复配淋洗修复Cr(Ⅵ)污染土壤

为探究可生物降解螯合剂氨三乙酸(NTA)替代乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA)在复配淋洗剂中的作用,本文研究了NTA和EDTA与草酸和酒石酸所配制的复配淋洗剂在不同浓度、固液比、pH值和淋洗时间下对Cr(Ⅵ)污染土壤淋洗效果的影响及淋洗动力学,此外还使用顺序提取方案(BCR)分析了淋洗前后土壤中重金属的形态、迁移率和稳定性变化。结果表明:混合等体积的0.25 mol·L^(-1)NTA和0.3 mol·L^(-1)草酸在固液比为1∶9、pH为3、淋洗时长为240 min条件下达到最大Cr(Ⅵ)去除效率82.94%,这与使用EDTA淋洗时的效率相近;该复配淋洗剂淋洗Cr(Ⅵ)污染土壤时的动力学符合拟二级动力学方程;BCR实验结果表明,NTA和草酸复配淋洗后土壤中Cr的弱酸可提取态、可氧化态和残渣态组分含量分别从6346.67、4280.00、2387.67 mg·kg^(-1)下降至1161.67、433.35、741.00 mg·kg^(-1),可还原态组分从2746.67 mg·kg^(-1)上升至6016.67 mg·kg^(-1),污染土壤重金属迁移率下降。淋洗后土壤有机质含量从13.47%上升至30.56%,脲酶和脱氢酶活性分别从46.32、329.09μg·d^(-1)·g^(-1)降低至29.36、131.98μg·d^(-1)·g^(-1),土壤结构基本与原土一致。因此,NTA与草酸复配淋洗剂是一种高效且对土壤影响较小的淋洗剂。

煤基半焦对重金属土壤中铬和镉的原位钝化及作用机制分析

工业化和城市化的快速发展对土壤造成严重的重金属污染,其中由于铬、镉的毒性强,对环境的危害极大。以资源丰富的石河子煤和乌鲁木齐煤为原料经热解制得半焦,将其作为铬和镉污染土壤的钝化材料,以实现重金属污染土壤的修复和改良。利用热重分析得到两种煤样热解的特征温度;采用N_(2)等温吸附法对半焦的孔隙结构进行了表征。通过重金属浸提实验,研究了半焦钝化剂作用时间和添加量对单一污染土壤及复合污染土壤中重金属有效态含量的影响。结果表明:乌鲁木齐煤基半焦具有较适宜重金属钝化的表面特征,孔径主要集中在1.8 nm~4.0 nm,单位面积酸性官能团和碱性官能团数量较多,分别为0.0026 mmol/m^(2)和0.0164 mmol/m^(2);在其添加量为5%,粒径为300μm~500μm,与土壤作用时间为90 d的条件下,铬和镉的有效态含量分别下降了78%和21%。相比于单一污染土壤,竞争作用使得复合污染土壤中铬和镉的钝化效果略有下降。此外,土壤中添加半焦后,土壤的pH值保持在稳定的弱碱性范围内,其有机质含量和阳离子交换量均有提高,改善了土壤的理化性质,可增强土壤肥力。

不同价态铬的定量分析综述

从铬的形态、价态开展了具体分析,综述了铬的检测分析方法。根据水样的差异性、土壤污染程度、食品安全标准等采用不同的检测方法,确保检测方法的准确性与灵敏度。随着铬在不同环境中检测技术的成熟发展,展望了磷矿石中不同价态铬的检测方法。

污染土壤稳定化处理后铬返溶影响因子的研究

探究了稳定化处理后污染土壤中Cr的返溶影响因子。结果表明,对返溶释放促进作用最大的条件为:水淹、水溶液pH为1、40℃、一周鼓3 d氧气,这时土壤中Cr(VI)由10.00 mg/kg增至31.47 mg/kg,浸出液中总铬由0.15 mg/L增至0.36 mg/L。40℃、水淹、水溶液pH=1、水溶液pH=12、一周鼓3天氧气处理后Cr的有效态质量分数分别增加0.02%、1.46%、2.12%、0.03%、0.85%。含水率是影响污染土壤稳定化处理后Cr返溶的主要因素,pH为次要因素。在不同pH条件下,稳定化处理后的土壤中Cr的释放量皆与二级动力学方程拟合度最高。

还原菌Staphylococcus sp.修复六价铬污染土壤的中试研究

为探索微生物修复的工程化应用前景,开展六价铬污染土壤的微生物还原修复中试研究。通过采集废弃电镀厂场地污染土壤,筛选出1株具有六价铬还原作用的功能菌Staphylococcus sp.。Staphylococcus sp.对六价铬的耐受质量浓度高于200 mg/L,最适pH值为7,适宜温度为25~35℃。研究发现,当土壤六价铬初始质量比为98.00 mg/kg、水土比(mL∶g)为2∶1、添加肉膏蛋白胨(Luria-Bertani,LB)培养基的条件下,Staphylococcus sp.能在21 d内将六价铬全部还原。在污染土壤的微生物治理中试研究中,污染土壤的用量为200 kg,水土比(mL∶g)为2∶1,且周期性地添加LB培养基。土壤中六价铬初始质量比为65.42 mg/kg,Staphylococcus sp.在6 d内对六价铬的还原率达到92.59%,后续24 d土壤中六价铬质量比在2.97~10.85 mg/kg呈现波动状态。结果表明,污染场地筛选出的土著功能菌Staphylococcus sp.具有潜在的工程应用价值。中试研究确定的相关参数能为后期工程化应用提供技术支撑。

一种新型重度铬污染土壤修复技术

我国退役铬化工企业的土壤铬污染严重,部分土壤六价铬浓度可高达10^(3)~10^(4)mg·kg^(-1),对植物生长、人类活动产生了不良影响。常用的铬污染土壤修复方法有还原修复技术、生物修复技术、酸淋洗-还原联合修复技术,用稀酸溶液加上还原剂将土壤中的六价铬浸出、还原。但酸溶液对难提取六价铬的溶解效果有限,且易引起土壤侵蚀等次生环境问题。碱性条件下重度铬污染土壤淋洗和还原的修复工艺能有效解决酸淋洗存在的土壤溶蚀、钙流失、含盐量大幅增加以及其他重金属浸出浓度超标等次生环境问题,且该技术通过碱淋洗还原工艺显著提高难提取六价铬的提取和还原效率,该研究形成经济可行、易于推广的铬污染土壤修复技术路线。

硫化物与铁系还原剂还原土壤重金属Cr(Ⅵ)的成效及影响因素研究

为了探究不同化学还原剂对淮南市新庄孜矿区土壤重金属Cr(Ⅵ)的去除效率的影响,构建土壤、还原剂、投加比例和pH值的正交试验,模拟土壤在不同的pH值以及其他因素影响下,Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率变化情况及土壤水溶液的稳定性情况,同时探究最佳还原剂投入比值。研究结果表明:待修复土壤中铬含量超出了规定第一类,第二类建设用地为用途的铬含量的4.065和1.560倍。土壤水溶液比值在1∶5(g·mL^(-1))时候,Cr(Ⅵ)的浸出率最高。还原剂FeCl_(2)·4H_(2)O与Na_(2)S·9H_(2)O的组合较其他还原剂取得更优异的还原Cr(Ⅵ)的效果,还原剂FeCl_(2)·4H_(2)O与Na_(2)S·9H_(2)O反应生成FeS是其取得优异还原效果的原因。还原剂FeCl_(2)·4H_(2)O与Na_(2)S·9H_(2)O联用摩尔比值为1∶1.5时,Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率达到最佳效果。催化剂过氧化氢溶液和二氧化锰的加入也进一步提高了Cr(Ⅵ)去除率。联用还原剂四水氯化亚铁和九水硫化钠修复后的土壤水溶液pH值呈中性,避免了对土壤酸碱度的破坏。综上所述,还原剂FeCl_(2)·4H_(2)O与Na_(2)S·9H_(2)O的联用对土壤重金属Cr(Ⅵ)的去除效果显著,催化剂的加入进一步提高了Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率,联用还原剂中和了土壤水溶液的pH值。

两种铁改性水热炭对土壤中铬固化效能及其形态影响

本实验采用机械球磨法分别制备零价铁(ZVI)、黄铁矿负载水热炭,通过土壤提取实验和土柱淋溶实验,对比添加不同材料后土壤中铬(Cr)含量的变化,分析淋溶液中Cr累积释放规律及Cr在土柱中的纵向迁移行为.实验结果表明,与其他材料相比,施加ZVI改性水热炭(ZBC)和黄铁矿改性水热炭(HBC)对土壤中Cr均有优秀的固化效果.在低投加量(5 g·kg^(-1))下ZBC、HBC使土壤浸出液中总铬浓度分别降低35.8%、39.6%,而土壤中有效铁含量涨幅均小于0.1%,解决了使用ZVI和黄铁矿引起的土壤铁含量过度增加的问题.在土柱淋溶实验中,施加ZBC、HBC后淋溶液总铬含量较CK(未加改性水热炭的对照组)分别下降27.3%、39.3%;土柱下部未污染土壤总铬含量分别降低31.4%、56.3%,Cr(Ⅵ)浓度分别降低51.7%、44.4%.结合表征可得,土壤中的Cr可被ZBC、HBC吸附,水热炭负载的Fe可将Cr(Ⅵ)还原成Cr(Ⅲ)并附着在土壤中,HBC中的FeS_(2)有效参与了对Cr(Ⅵ)的还原.总的来看,HBC对土壤中Cr的固化效果更好,可为水热炭修复重金属污染土壤的应用提供思路与探索.

砖红壤中铬的溶出和外源三价铬的氧化转化

砖红壤铬(Cr)的背景值和锰氧化物的含量均较高,当土壤中Cr溶出或者受到Cr(Ⅲ)污染,可能被氧化生成毒性较高的Cr(Ⅵ),从而对周围环境造成威胁。为考察砖红壤中Cr的环境风险,以云南、海南和广东采集的部分砖红壤为对象,研究土壤中Cr的溶出和外源Cr(Ⅲ)的氧化。连二亚硫酸钠-柠檬酸钠-重碳酸钠法提取和电子探针扫描分析的结果表明,砖红壤中的Cr主要与铁氧化物和硅酸盐矿物结合,呈非活性状态。盐酸和柠檬酸的酸化和络合作用促进了Cr的溶出,但即使1 mol·L^(-1)的盐酸也仅使海南3和广东9砖红壤中3.68%和3.54%的Cr溶出。向砖红壤中添加Cr(Ⅲ)并培养42d,发现少量添加的Cr(Ⅲ)氧化为Cr(Ⅵ),但不同土壤中Cr(Ⅵ)的生成量与亚锰的净产生量不一致,说明土壤中Cr(Ⅲ)氧化生成的Cr(Ⅵ)可能会被土壤有机质重新还原为Cr(Ⅲ)。去除土壤有机质后,一次平衡实验中观察到外源添加的Cr(Ⅲ)氧化为Cr(Ⅵ),氧化量与土壤易还原锰的含量一致。随着溶液pH的增加,Cr(Ⅲ)的氧化量呈先上升后降低的趋势,在pH4.5时Cr(Ⅲ)氧化量达最大值,但Cr(Ⅲ)的氧化转化量在Cr(Ⅲ)添加量中的占比很小,外源Cr(Ⅲ)在土壤中氧化转化的风险也很低。虽然砖红壤的背景Cr和易还原锰的含量较高,但自然条件下Cr的溶解和Cr(Ⅲ)的氧化反应很难发生,Cr(Ⅲ)不易转化为Cr(Ⅵ),因此无需过度担忧砖红壤中Cr的环境风险。

原子吸收光谱法和分光光度法测定土壤六价铬对比研究

土壤六价铬监测在耕地保护中具有重要意义,不同原理测定方法结果的一致性是准确测定土壤中六价铬及研制土壤六价铬标准物质的技术基础,目前国内测定土壤六价铬的唯一标准是HJ 1082—2019《土壤和沉积物六价铬的测定碱溶液提取-火焰原子吸收分光光度法》,但土壤中六价铬的测定存在较为严重的基体效应。为建立准确测定土壤中六价铬的方法,采用氢氧化钠-碳酸钠碱溶液、磷酸盐缓冲溶液-氯化镁体系提取土壤六价铬,用原子吸收光谱法(AAS)和分光光度法(UV-Vis)测定,研究了基体效应对两种方法测定结果的影响。AAS测定土壤六价铬,基体干扰较为严重,制作标准曲线需要进行基体匹配,在线性范围0~2 mg/L线性良好,检出限0.42 mg/kg,方法精密度为2.1%;UV-Vis测定土壤六价铬几乎不受基体效应影响,以水为溶剂制备标准曲线,在线性范围0~0.2 mg/L线性良好,检出限0.12 mg/kg,方法精密度为3.4%。对分别来自安阳、安顺、兰州的低、中、高3种含量的实际样品测定,两种方法平行测定6次,经t检验两种方法无显著性差异,一致性较好,邀请国内十家高水平实验室进行协作定值实验,两种方法测定结果与其他实验室测定结果一致。通过基体匹配、稀释待测液和添加高锰酸钾等方法可显著减小基体效应、颜色及有机质对两种方法测定土壤六价铬的影响,两种方法均具有良好的精密度和正确度,适用于土壤六价铬的测定。

碱溶液提取-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定土壤中六价铬的含量

针对HJ 1082-2019存在的检测范围窄、高盐分带来的基线漂移以及谱线干扰等情况,提出了题示方法。取样品5.0 g,加入50 mL含0.5 mol·L^(-1)氢氧化钠和0.28 mol·L^(-1)碳酸钠的碱提取液(pH>11.5)、0.4 g氯化镁和0.5 mL磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.0),放入40 mm磁子,于95℃以速率600 r·min^(-1)搅拌60 min,冷却,以转速4000 r·min^(-1)离心5 min。分取滤液25 mL,调节酸度至pH 7.0~7.5,然后用水定容至50 mL。分取1 mL,用水稀释10倍后,采用电感耦合等离子原子发射光谱法测定其中六价铬的含量。结果表明:六价铬标准曲线的线性范围在2 mg·L^(-1)以内,检出限(3.143s)为0.096 mg·kg^(-1);5种土壤中六价铬成分分析标准物质的测定值均在认定值的不确定度范围内,且测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.1%~3.7%;按照标准加入法对实际样品进行加标回收试验,回收率为90.0%~112%。