The composition and effects of solution conditions on the physicochemical properties of the stratification components of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in anaerobic digested sludge were determined. The tot...The composition and effects of solution conditions on the physicochemical properties of the stratification components of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in anaerobic digested sludge were determined. The total EPS in anaerobic digested sludge were extracted by the cation exchange resin method. Another EPS extraction method, the ceutrifugation and sonication technique was employed to stratify the EPS into three fractions: slime, loosely bound (LB)-EPS, and tightly bound (TB)-EPS from the outside to the inside of the anaerobic digested sludge. Proteins and polysaccharides were dispersed uniformly across the different EPS fractions, and humic-like substances were mainly partitioned in the slime, with TB-EPS second. Protein was the major constituent of the LB-EPS and TB-EPS, and the corresponding ratios ranged from 54.0% to 65.6%. The hydrophobic part in the EPS chemical components was primarily comprised of protein and DNA, while the hydrophilic part was mainly composed of polysaccharide. In the slime, the hydrophobic values of several EPS chemical components (protein, polysaccharide, humic-like substances and DNA) were all below 50%. The protein/polysaccharide ratio had a significant influence on the Zeta potentials and isoelectric point values of the EPS: the greater the protein/polysaccharide ratio of the EPS was, the greater the Zeta potential and the higher the isoelectric point value were. All Zeta potentials of the EPS showed a decreasing trend with increasing pH. The corresponding isoelectric point values (pH) were 2.8 for total EPS, 2.2 for slime, 2.7 for LB-EPS, and 2.6 for TB-EPS. As the ionic strength increased, the Zeta potentials sharply increased and then gradually became constant without charge reversal. In addition, as the temperature increased (〈 40℃), the apparent viscosity of the EPS decreased monotonically and then gradually became stable between 40 and 60℃.展开更多
In this paper we give a priori estimates for the maximum modulus of generalizedsolulions of the quasilinear elliplic equations irith anisotropic growth condition.
This paper deals with the solution of a parametric equation with generalized boundary condiiton in transport theory. It gives the distribution of parameter (so called delta-eigenvalue [1]) with which the equation has ...This paper deals with the solution of a parametric equation with generalized boundary condiiton in transport theory. It gives the distribution of parameter (so called delta-eigenvalue [1]) with which the equation has non-zero solution. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of; he control critical eigenvalue delta0 is established.展开更多
The use of electro-osmotic chemical is an effective method to improve the clayey soil foundation.Various boundary conditions can be adopted in this method.In this work,two electrode–clay contacts,three solution condi...The use of electro-osmotic chemical is an effective method to improve the clayey soil foundation.Various boundary conditions can be adopted in this method.In this work,two electrode–clay contacts,three solution conditioners,and four anode solution supply times were used for clayey soil improvement.Based on the experimental data,electro-osmotic consolidation theory,and transport of ion theory,it is found that the electro-osmotic chemical effect of the separation of electrode–clay(E_S)is more beneficial for the transport of Ca^(2+),production of cementing material,and reduction of water content than that of electrode–clay(E_C)joining;through electrode–clay contact separation,the anode solution conditioner(NaPO3)6(E_SHMP)delayed the cementing reaction and then increased the transport of Ca^(2+)near the cathode,which increased the amount of cementing material and the electro-osmotic chemical effect;and when the anode conditioner(NaPO3)6 was used,two days of anode solution supply followed by three days cut off from the anode solution led to the highest undrained shear strength increase after the application of electro-osmotic chemical,which resolved the uneven electro-osmotic chemical effect in the E_SHMP.展开更多
This study deals with the stagnation point flow of ferrofluid over a flat plate with non-linear slip boundary condition in the presence of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions.Three kinds of ferroparticles,namely,magne...This study deals with the stagnation point flow of ferrofluid over a flat plate with non-linear slip boundary condition in the presence of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions.Three kinds of ferroparticles,namely,magnetite(Fe_3O_4),cobalt ferrite(CoFe_2O_4) and manganese zinc ferrite(Mn-ZnFe_2O_4) are taken into account with water and kerosene as conventional base fluids.The developed model of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions in boundary layer flow with equal and unequal diffusivities for reactant and autocatalysis is considered.The governing partial differential equations are converted into system of non-linear ordinary differential equations by mean of similarity transformations.These ordinary differential equations are integrated numerically using shooting method.The effects of pertinent parameters on velocity and concentration profiles are presented graphically and discussed.We found that in the presence of Fe_3O_4-kerosene and CoFe_2O_4-kerosene,velocity profiles increase for large values of α and β whereas there is a decrement in concentration profiles with increasing values of if and K_s.Furthermore,the comparison between non-magnetic(A1_2O_3) and magnetic Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles is given in tabular form.展开更多
Bicomponent fibers were wet-spun from soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol). The fiber was brittle and showed a high frequency of breakage upon drawing and the bad compatibility between soybean protein and poly (vi...Bicomponent fibers were wet-spun from soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol). The fiber was brittle and showed a high frequency of breakage upon drawing and the bad compatibility between soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol) was thought to be the causes for the poor drawability. Our effort was then to study the soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol) solution, with the aim of trying to improve the components’ compatibility and to determine the proper solution condition for dissolving them. The effects of alkali, sodium sulfite and urea on the compatibility of the solution were examined.展开更多
In this paper, we get the existence of a weak solution of the following inhomogeneous quasilinear elliptic equation with critical growth conditions: where N≥2, f(x,u)~|u|<sup>m-1</sup>e<sup>b|u|&...In this paper, we get the existence of a weak solution of the following inhomogeneous quasilinear elliptic equation with critical growth conditions: where N≥2, f(x,u)~|u|<sup>m-1</sup>e<sup>b|u|<sup>γ</sup></sup>at +∞, with γ=N/N-1, m≥1, b】0.展开更多
By using the approximate derivative-dependent functional variable separation approach, we study the quasi-linear diffusion equations with a weak source ut = (A(u)Ux)x + eB(u, Ux). A complete classification of t...By using the approximate derivative-dependent functional variable separation approach, we study the quasi-linear diffusion equations with a weak source ut = (A(u)Ux)x + eB(u, Ux). A complete classification of these perturbed equations which admit approximate derivative-dependent functional separable solutions is listed. As a consequence, some approxi- mate solutions to the resulting perturbed equations are constructed via examples.展开更多
This paper treats the system of motion for an incompressible non-Newtonian fluids of the stress tensor described by p-potential function subject to slip boundary conditions in R_+~3. Making use of the Oseentype approx...This paper treats the system of motion for an incompressible non-Newtonian fluids of the stress tensor described by p-potential function subject to slip boundary conditions in R_+~3. Making use of the Oseentype approximation to this model and the L~∞-truncation method, one can establish the existence theorem of weak solutions for p-potential flow with p ∈(8/5, 2] provided that large initial are regular enough.展开更多
In this paper, the concept of generalized ω-periodic solution is given for Riccati's equationy'=a(t)y^2+b(t)y+c(t)with perriodic coefficients, the relation between generalized ω-periodicsolutions and the cha...In this paper, the concept of generalized ω-periodic solution is given for Riccati's equationy'=a(t)y^2+b(t)y+c(t)with perriodic coefficients, the relation between generalized ω-periodicsolutions and the characteristic numbers of system x'_1=c(t)x_2, x'_2=-a(t)x_1-b(t)x_2 is indicated, andseveral necessary and sufficient conditions are given using the coefficients. Moreover, in the case of a(t)without zero, the relation between the number of continuous ω-periodic solutions of y'=a(t)y^2+b(t)y+c(t)+δand the parameter δ is given; thus the problem on the existence of continuous ω-periodic.solutions is basically solved.展开更多
In this paper, using Fourier series, we study the problem of the existence of periodic solutionsof a type of periodic neutral differential difference system. Some necessary and sufficient conditionsfor the existence o...In this paper, using Fourier series, we study the problem of the existence of periodic solutionsof a type of periodic neutral differential difference system. Some necessary and sufficient conditionsfor the existence of periodic solutions of a type of neutral functional equation system are obtained,and at the same time, we present a method with formula shows how to find the periodicsolutions.展开更多
The aim of the present paper is to study the numerical solutions of the steady MHD two dimensional stagnation point flow of an incompressible nano fluid towards a stretching cylinder.The effects of radiation and conve...The aim of the present paper is to study the numerical solutions of the steady MHD two dimensional stagnation point flow of an incompressible nano fluid towards a stretching cylinder.The effects of radiation and convective boundary condition are also taken into account.The model used for the nanofluid incorporates the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis.The resulting nonlinear momentum,energy and nano particle equations are simplifed using similarity transformations.Numerical solutions have been obtained for the velocity,temperature and nanoparticle fraction profles.The influence of physical parameters on the velocity,temperature,nanoparticle fraction,rates of heat transfer and nanoparticle fraction are shown graphically.展开更多
The author studies the boundary value problems for systems of nonlinear second order differential dmerence equstions and adopts a new-type Nagumo conditinn, in which the controlfunction is a vector-Valued function of ...The author studies the boundary value problems for systems of nonlinear second order differential dmerence equstions and adopts a new-type Nagumo conditinn, in which the controlfunction is a vector-Valued function of several variables and which can guarsntee simultaneously and easily finding a priori bounds of eaCh component of the deriVatives of the solutions.Under this new-type Nagumo condition the existence results of solution are proved by meansof differential inopality technique.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University (No.JC2011-1,TD2010-5)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 51078035, 21177010)the Ph.D Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China (No.20100014110004)
文摘The composition and effects of solution conditions on the physicochemical properties of the stratification components of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in anaerobic digested sludge were determined. The total EPS in anaerobic digested sludge were extracted by the cation exchange resin method. Another EPS extraction method, the ceutrifugation and sonication technique was employed to stratify the EPS into three fractions: slime, loosely bound (LB)-EPS, and tightly bound (TB)-EPS from the outside to the inside of the anaerobic digested sludge. Proteins and polysaccharides were dispersed uniformly across the different EPS fractions, and humic-like substances were mainly partitioned in the slime, with TB-EPS second. Protein was the major constituent of the LB-EPS and TB-EPS, and the corresponding ratios ranged from 54.0% to 65.6%. The hydrophobic part in the EPS chemical components was primarily comprised of protein and DNA, while the hydrophilic part was mainly composed of polysaccharide. In the slime, the hydrophobic values of several EPS chemical components (protein, polysaccharide, humic-like substances and DNA) were all below 50%. The protein/polysaccharide ratio had a significant influence on the Zeta potentials and isoelectric point values of the EPS: the greater the protein/polysaccharide ratio of the EPS was, the greater the Zeta potential and the higher the isoelectric point value were. All Zeta potentials of the EPS showed a decreasing trend with increasing pH. The corresponding isoelectric point values (pH) were 2.8 for total EPS, 2.2 for slime, 2.7 for LB-EPS, and 2.6 for TB-EPS. As the ionic strength increased, the Zeta potentials sharply increased and then gradually became constant without charge reversal. In addition, as the temperature increased (〈 40℃), the apparent viscosity of the EPS decreased monotonically and then gradually became stable between 40 and 60℃.
文摘In this paper we give a priori estimates for the maximum modulus of generalizedsolulions of the quasilinear elliplic equations irith anisotropic growth condition.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘This paper deals with the solution of a parametric equation with generalized boundary condiiton in transport theory. It gives the distribution of parameter (so called delta-eigenvalue [1]) with which the equation has non-zero solution. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of; he control critical eigenvalue delta0 is established.
基金This work is supported by the Youth Foundation, NSFC.
文摘In this paper, we get the existence result of the nontrivial weak solution (λ, u) of the following eigenvalue problem with natural growth conditions.
基金Project(41902280)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(300102219105)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China+1 种基金Project(LP1922)supported by the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,ChinaProject(XJKFJJ201805)supported by the Open Foundation of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Safety and Durability of Concrete Structures,China。
文摘The use of electro-osmotic chemical is an effective method to improve the clayey soil foundation.Various boundary conditions can be adopted in this method.In this work,two electrode–clay contacts,three solution conditioners,and four anode solution supply times were used for clayey soil improvement.Based on the experimental data,electro-osmotic consolidation theory,and transport of ion theory,it is found that the electro-osmotic chemical effect of the separation of electrode–clay(E_S)is more beneficial for the transport of Ca^(2+),production of cementing material,and reduction of water content than that of electrode–clay(E_C)joining;through electrode–clay contact separation,the anode solution conditioner(NaPO3)6(E_SHMP)delayed the cementing reaction and then increased the transport of Ca^(2+)near the cathode,which increased the amount of cementing material and the electro-osmotic chemical effect;and when the anode conditioner(NaPO3)6 was used,two days of anode solution supply followed by three days cut off from the anode solution led to the highest undrained shear strength increase after the application of electro-osmotic chemical,which resolved the uneven electro-osmotic chemical effect in the E_SHMP.
文摘This study deals with the stagnation point flow of ferrofluid over a flat plate with non-linear slip boundary condition in the presence of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions.Three kinds of ferroparticles,namely,magnetite(Fe_3O_4),cobalt ferrite(CoFe_2O_4) and manganese zinc ferrite(Mn-ZnFe_2O_4) are taken into account with water and kerosene as conventional base fluids.The developed model of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions in boundary layer flow with equal and unequal diffusivities for reactant and autocatalysis is considered.The governing partial differential equations are converted into system of non-linear ordinary differential equations by mean of similarity transformations.These ordinary differential equations are integrated numerically using shooting method.The effects of pertinent parameters on velocity and concentration profiles are presented graphically and discussed.We found that in the presence of Fe_3O_4-kerosene and CoFe_2O_4-kerosene,velocity profiles increase for large values of α and β whereas there is a decrement in concentration profiles with increasing values of if and K_s.Furthermore,the comparison between non-magnetic(A1_2O_3) and magnetic Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles is given in tabular form.
文摘Bicomponent fibers were wet-spun from soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol). The fiber was brittle and showed a high frequency of breakage upon drawing and the bad compatibility between soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol) was thought to be the causes for the poor drawability. Our effort was then to study the soybean protein and poly (vinyl alcohol) solution, with the aim of trying to improve the components’ compatibility and to determine the proper solution condition for dissolving them. The effects of alkali, sodium sulfite and urea on the compatibility of the solution were examined.
基金Supported by the Youth FoundationNatural Science Foundation, People's Republic of China.
文摘In this paper, we get the existence of a weak solution of the following inhomogeneous quasilinear elliptic equation with critical growth conditions: where N≥2, f(x,u)~|u|<sup>m-1</sup>e<sup>b|u|<sup>γ</sup></sup>at +∞, with γ=N/N-1, m≥1, b】0.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10671156)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.SJ08A05)
文摘By using the approximate derivative-dependent functional variable separation approach, we study the quasi-linear diffusion equations with a weak source ut = (A(u)Ux)x + eB(u, Ux). A complete classification of these perturbed equations which admit approximate derivative-dependent functional separable solutions is listed. As a consequence, some approxi- mate solutions to the resulting perturbed equations are constructed via examples.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11571279)Education Department of Jiangxi Province (Grant No. GJJ151036)Youth Innovation Group of Applied Mathematics in Yichun University (Grant No. 2012TD006)
文摘This paper treats the system of motion for an incompressible non-Newtonian fluids of the stress tensor described by p-potential function subject to slip boundary conditions in R_+~3. Making use of the Oseentype approximation to this model and the L~∞-truncation method, one can establish the existence theorem of weak solutions for p-potential flow with p ∈(8/5, 2] provided that large initial are regular enough.
文摘In this paper, the concept of generalized ω-periodic solution is given for Riccati's equationy'=a(t)y^2+b(t)y+c(t)with perriodic coefficients, the relation between generalized ω-periodicsolutions and the characteristic numbers of system x'_1=c(t)x_2, x'_2=-a(t)x_1-b(t)x_2 is indicated, andseveral necessary and sufficient conditions are given using the coefficients. Moreover, in the case of a(t)without zero, the relation between the number of continuous ω-periodic solutions of y'=a(t)y^2+b(t)y+c(t)+δand the parameter δ is given; thus the problem on the existence of continuous ω-periodic.solutions is basically solved.
文摘In this paper, using Fourier series, we study the problem of the existence of periodic solutionsof a type of periodic neutral differential difference system. Some necessary and sufficient conditionsfor the existence of periodic solutions of a type of neutral functional equation system are obtained,and at the same time, we present a method with formula shows how to find the periodicsolutions.
文摘The aim of the present paper is to study the numerical solutions of the steady MHD two dimensional stagnation point flow of an incompressible nano fluid towards a stretching cylinder.The effects of radiation and convective boundary condition are also taken into account.The model used for the nanofluid incorporates the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis.The resulting nonlinear momentum,energy and nano particle equations are simplifed using similarity transformations.Numerical solutions have been obtained for the velocity,temperature and nanoparticle fraction profles.The influence of physical parameters on the velocity,temperature,nanoparticle fraction,rates of heat transfer and nanoparticle fraction are shown graphically.
文摘The author studies the boundary value problems for systems of nonlinear second order differential dmerence equstions and adopts a new-type Nagumo conditinn, in which the controlfunction is a vector-Valued function of several variables and which can guarsntee simultaneously and easily finding a priori bounds of eaCh component of the deriVatives of the solutions.Under this new-type Nagumo condition the existence results of solution are proved by meansof differential inopality technique.