Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have the ability to differentiate into all somatic cells and to maintain unlimited self- renewal. Therefore, they have great potential in both basic research and clinical t...Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have the ability to differentiate into all somatic cells and to maintain unlimited self- renewal. Therefore, they have great potential in both basic research and clinical therapy for many diseases. To identify potentially universal mechanisms of human somatic cell reprogramming, we studied gene expression changes in three types of cells undergoing reprogramming. The set of 570 genes commonly regulated during induction of iPS cells includes known embryonic stem (ES) cell markers and pluripotency related genes. We also identified novel genes and biological categories which may be related to somatic cell reprogramming. For example, some of the down-regulated genes are predicted targets of the pluripotency microRNA cluster miR302/367, and the proteins from these putative target genes interact with the stem cell pluripotency factor POU5F1 according to our network analysis. Our results identified candidate gene sets to guide research on the mechanisms operating during somatic cell reprogramming.展开更多
Introducing a combination of transcription factors such as Oct4,Sox2,Klf4 and c-Myc(OSKM)enables reprogramming which converts somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs)(Takahashi and Yamanaka,2006...Introducing a combination of transcription factors such as Oct4,Sox2,Klf4 and c-Myc(OSKM)enables reprogramming which converts somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs)(Takahashi and Yamanaka,2006).i PSCs play an important role in clinical and regenerative medicine because they can be utilized to model a specific disease or differentiate into functional cells for transplantation.Enhancing the efficiency of induction and improving the qualities of iPSCs are constant themes in this field.展开更多
Human embryonic stem cells(hESCs)are pluripotent cells that have the ability of unlimited self-renewal and can be differentiated into different cell lineages,includ-ing neural stem(NS)cells.Diverse regulatory signalin...Human embryonic stem cells(hESCs)are pluripotent cells that have the ability of unlimited self-renewal and can be differentiated into different cell lineages,includ-ing neural stem(NS)cells.Diverse regulatory signaling pathways of neural stem cells differentiation have been discovered,and this will be of great benefit to uncover the mechanisms of neuronal differentiation in vivo and in vitro.However,the limitations of hESCs resource along with the religious and ethical concerns impede the pro-gress of ESCs application.Therefore,the induced pluri-potent stem cells(iPSCs)via somatic cell reprogramming have opened up another new territory for regenerative medicine.iPSCs now can be derived from a number of lin-eages of cells,and are able to differentiate into certain cell types,including neurons.Patient-specifi c iPSCs are being used in human neurodegenerative disease modeling and drug screening.Furthermore,with the development of somatic direct reprogramming or lineage reprogramming technique,a more effective approach for regenerative medicine could become a complement for iPSCs.展开更多
Embryonic stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and somatic cell reprogramming require the interplay of multiple pluripotency factors, epigenetic remodelers, and extracellular signaling pathways. RNA-binding protei...Embryonic stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and somatic cell reprogramming require the interplay of multiple pluripotency factors, epigenetic remodelers, and extracellular signaling pathways. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are involved in a wide range of regulatory pathways, from RNA metabolism to epigenetic modifications. In recent years we have witnessed more and more studies on the discovery of new RBPs and the assessment of their functions in a variety of biological systems, including stem cells. We review the current studies on RBPs and focus on those that have functional implications in pluripotency, differentiation, and/or reprogramming in both the human and mouse systems.展开更多
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81125003),Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No.2011AA020116)+1 种基金the China National Basic Research Program(No.2010CB945200)Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai Municipality(Nos.10140900200 and 12XD1406500) to F.Zeng
文摘Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have the ability to differentiate into all somatic cells and to maintain unlimited self- renewal. Therefore, they have great potential in both basic research and clinical therapy for many diseases. To identify potentially universal mechanisms of human somatic cell reprogramming, we studied gene expression changes in three types of cells undergoing reprogramming. The set of 570 genes commonly regulated during induction of iPS cells includes known embryonic stem (ES) cell markers and pluripotency related genes. We also identified novel genes and biological categories which may be related to somatic cell reprogramming. For example, some of the down-regulated genes are predicted targets of the pluripotency microRNA cluster miR302/367, and the proteins from these putative target genes interact with the stem cell pluripotency factor POU5F1 according to our network analysis. Our results identified candidate gene sets to guide research on the mechanisms operating during somatic cell reprogramming.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDA01020102)the grant from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81225004)
文摘Introducing a combination of transcription factors such as Oct4,Sox2,Klf4 and c-Myc(OSKM)enables reprogramming which converts somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs)(Takahashi and Yamanaka,2006).i PSCs play an important role in clinical and regenerative medicine because they can be utilized to model a specific disease or differentiate into functional cells for transplantation.Enhancing the efficiency of induction and improving the qualities of iPSCs are constant themes in this field.
基金the National Basic Research Program 973 program(No.2012CB966800)the Thousand Youth Talents Program and the Pioneer Programs of Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘Human embryonic stem cells(hESCs)are pluripotent cells that have the ability of unlimited self-renewal and can be differentiated into different cell lineages,includ-ing neural stem(NS)cells.Diverse regulatory signaling pathways of neural stem cells differentiation have been discovered,and this will be of great benefit to uncover the mechanisms of neuronal differentiation in vivo and in vitro.However,the limitations of hESCs resource along with the religious and ethical concerns impede the pro-gress of ESCs application.Therefore,the induced pluri-potent stem cells(iPSCs)via somatic cell reprogramming have opened up another new territory for regenerative medicine.iPSCs now can be derived from a number of lin-eages of cells,and are able to differentiate into certain cell types,including neurons.Patient-specifi c iPSCs are being used in human neurodegenerative disease modeling and drug screening.Furthermore,with the development of somatic direct reprogramming or lineage reprogramming technique,a more effective approach for regenerative medicine could become a complement for iPSCs.
文摘Embryonic stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and somatic cell reprogramming require the interplay of multiple pluripotency factors, epigenetic remodelers, and extracellular signaling pathways. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are involved in a wide range of regulatory pathways, from RNA metabolism to epigenetic modifications. In recent years we have witnessed more and more studies on the discovery of new RBPs and the assessment of their functions in a variety of biological systems, including stem cells. We review the current studies on RBPs and focus on those that have functional implications in pluripotency, differentiation, and/or reprogramming in both the human and mouse systems.