The publication of the famous novel The Sound and The Fury projects the long-enduring reputation of William Faulkner as a household American writer in every nook and cranny of the world.Just in this novel,Faulkner emp...The publication of the famous novel The Sound and The Fury projects the long-enduring reputation of William Faulkner as a household American writer in every nook and cranny of the world.Just in this novel,Faulkner employs the literary device of stream of consciousness and makes a good play with time and order to his own joy,which makes it an outstanding literary feature in the novel.In this essay,the unusual conceptions of time and order in the novel are tentatively probed mainly from the following three perspectives:1) the initiative for Faulkner creating the novel as a novel against time and order.2) the disordered arrangement as an artistic device——the optimum key to delivering the story.3) the potential order underlying the seeming disorder in the novel.展开更多
This paper presents an investigation of temperature, displacement, stress, and induced magnetic field in a half space perfectly-conductive plate. Finite element equations regarding generalized magneto-thermoelasticity...This paper presents an investigation of temperature, displacement, stress, and induced magnetic field in a half space perfectly-conductive plate. Finite element equations regarding generalized magneto-thermoelasticity problems with two relaxation times （i.e., the G-L theory） are derived using the principle of virtual work. For avoiding numerical complication involved in inverse Laplace and Fourier transformation and low precision thereof, the equations are solved directly in time-domain. As a numerical example, the derived equation is used to investigate the generalized magneto-thermoelastic behavior of a semi-infinite plate under magnetic field and subjecting to a thermal shock loading. The results demonstrate that FEM can faithfully predict the deformation of the plate and the induced magnetic field, and most importantly can reveal the sophisticated second sound effect of heat conduction in two-dimensional generalized thermoelastic solids, which is usually difficult to model by routine transformation methods. A peak can be observed in the distribution of stress and induced front and the magnitude of magnetic field at the heat wave the peak decreases with time, which can not be obtained by transformation methods. The new method can also be used to study generalized piezo-thermoelastic problems.展开更多
Sound generated in a ward can be classified into 1) generated by medical staff, 2) generated by patients and their visitors, and 3) others, such as from in-hospital broadcasting microphones and nurse calls. Among thes...Sound generated in a ward can be classified into 1) generated by medical staff, 2) generated by patients and their visitors, and 3) others, such as from in-hospital broadcasting microphones and nurse calls. Among these sounds, the incidence from medical staff, in particular, is reportedly high. The study objective is to investigate whether sound awareness is effective in regulating the sound environment even in a busy situation, such as in a real clinical setting, and to examine the extent to which sound awareness affects sound level. Nursing students were asked to perform a series of nursing activities in a pseudo-ward, and the changes in the sound level generated during the nursing activities with or without time and sound awareness were examined. Under varying experimental conditions, the sound and time levels associated with the nursing activities were measured in the following order: condition 1, without sound or time awareness;condition 2, with time awareness but without sound awareness;and condition 3, with both sound and time awareness. The time to perform nursing activities was longer with sound awareness. However, when aware of time only, the sound level from nursing activities rose by 2.3 dB, whereas when aware of both time and sound, the sound level dropped by 3.0 dB. With both time and sound awareness, there is a distinct drop in the sound level from nursing activities, such as wagon handling, handling of items (trays, bowls), working at the sink, and opening and closing the microwave oven door. These results suggest that even in a pseudo-clinical setting it is possible to regulate the environmental sound through the environmental sound awareness of the medical staff, resulting in a drop in the sound level generated while performing nursing activities.展开更多
The performance of classic Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) is unsatisfactory in noisy environment with different sound sources from nature. In this paper, a classification approach of the ecological environ...The performance of classic Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) is unsatisfactory in noisy environment with different sound sources from nature. In this paper, a classification approach of the ecological environmental sounds using the double-level energy detection (DED) was presented. The DED was used to detect the existence of the sound signals under noise conditions. In addition, MFCC features from the frames which were detected the presence of the sound signals by DED were extracted. Experimental results show that the proposed technology has better noise immunity than classic MFCC, and also outperforms time-domain energy detection (TED) and frequency-domain energy detection (FED) respectively.展开更多
【目的】大地电磁测深是一种通过观测天然电磁场获取地下电性结构的勘探方法,较易受到噪声干扰。脉冲类噪声是大地电磁工作中的常见噪声,其幅值高、频带宽,会对数据质量产生较大影响。【方法】为了压制脉冲类噪声,以插补思想为基础,提...【目的】大地电磁测深是一种通过观测天然电磁场获取地下电性结构的勘探方法,较易受到噪声干扰。脉冲类噪声是大地电磁工作中的常见噪声,其幅值高、频带宽,会对数据质量产生较大影响。【方法】为了压制脉冲类噪声,以插补思想为基础,提出了基于时间序列双向循环插补模型(Bidirectional recurrent imputation for time series,BRITS)的大地电磁脉冲类噪声处理方法。首先,将噪声干扰段删除,此时大地电磁时间序列可视为待插补的缺失序列,而后利用该缺失序列构建训练集,对BRITS模型进行插补训练,训练完成后对缺失序列进行插补,即可得到去噪结果。通过仿真及实测含噪声数据处理,并与经验模态分解(Empirical mode decomposition,EMD)阈值方法进行了对比。【结果和结论】结果表明:BRITS方法对仿真噪声数据处理后与原始数据的归一化互相关系数可达0.999以上,信噪比可达29 dB以上,EMD阈值方法处理前后相关系数为0.778,信噪比为3.09 dB;在实测数据处理中,BRITS方法有效恢复了噪声干扰数据,相比EMD阈值方法,其阻抗奈奎斯特图更接近天然大地电磁信号特征。通过不同训练样本试验得出:对4分量大地电磁数据而言,数据中至少需包含两道正常分量,单个含噪分量中噪声占比不大于20%,且噪声连续干扰长度不超过10个采样点,此时,BRITS方法去噪后数据的相关系数在0.96以上,可以保证一定的去噪精度。展开更多
文摘The publication of the famous novel The Sound and The Fury projects the long-enduring reputation of William Faulkner as a household American writer in every nook and cranny of the world.Just in this novel,Faulkner employs the literary device of stream of consciousness and makes a good play with time and order to his own joy,which makes it an outstanding literary feature in the novel.In this essay,the unusual conceptions of time and order in the novel are tentatively probed mainly from the following three perspectives:1) the initiative for Faulkner creating the novel as a novel against time and order.2) the disordered arrangement as an artistic device——the optimum key to delivering the story.3) the potential order underlying the seeming disorder in the novel.
基金The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10132010 and 10472089)
文摘This paper presents an investigation of temperature, displacement, stress, and induced magnetic field in a half space perfectly-conductive plate. Finite element equations regarding generalized magneto-thermoelasticity problems with two relaxation times （i.e., the G-L theory） are derived using the principle of virtual work. For avoiding numerical complication involved in inverse Laplace and Fourier transformation and low precision thereof, the equations are solved directly in time-domain. As a numerical example, the derived equation is used to investigate the generalized magneto-thermoelastic behavior of a semi-infinite plate under magnetic field and subjecting to a thermal shock loading. The results demonstrate that FEM can faithfully predict the deformation of the plate and the induced magnetic field, and most importantly can reveal the sophisticated second sound effect of heat conduction in two-dimensional generalized thermoelastic solids, which is usually difficult to model by routine transformation methods. A peak can be observed in the distribution of stress and induced front and the magnitude of magnetic field at the heat wave the peak decreases with time, which can not be obtained by transformation methods. The new method can also be used to study generalized piezo-thermoelastic problems.
文摘Sound generated in a ward can be classified into 1) generated by medical staff, 2) generated by patients and their visitors, and 3) others, such as from in-hospital broadcasting microphones and nurse calls. Among these sounds, the incidence from medical staff, in particular, is reportedly high. The study objective is to investigate whether sound awareness is effective in regulating the sound environment even in a busy situation, such as in a real clinical setting, and to examine the extent to which sound awareness affects sound level. Nursing students were asked to perform a series of nursing activities in a pseudo-ward, and the changes in the sound level generated during the nursing activities with or without time and sound awareness were examined. Under varying experimental conditions, the sound and time levels associated with the nursing activities were measured in the following order: condition 1, without sound or time awareness;condition 2, with time awareness but without sound awareness;and condition 3, with both sound and time awareness. The time to perform nursing activities was longer with sound awareness. However, when aware of time only, the sound level from nursing activities rose by 2.3 dB, whereas when aware of both time and sound, the sound level dropped by 3.0 dB. With both time and sound awareness, there is a distinct drop in the sound level from nursing activities, such as wagon handling, handling of items (trays, bowls), working at the sink, and opening and closing the microwave oven door. These results suggest that even in a pseudo-clinical setting it is possible to regulate the environmental sound through the environmental sound awareness of the medical staff, resulting in a drop in the sound level generated while performing nursing activities.
文摘The performance of classic Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) is unsatisfactory in noisy environment with different sound sources from nature. In this paper, a classification approach of the ecological environmental sounds using the double-level energy detection (DED) was presented. The DED was used to detect the existence of the sound signals under noise conditions. In addition, MFCC features from the frames which were detected the presence of the sound signals by DED were extracted. Experimental results show that the proposed technology has better noise immunity than classic MFCC, and also outperforms time-domain energy detection (TED) and frequency-domain energy detection (FED) respectively.
文摘【目的】大地电磁测深是一种通过观测天然电磁场获取地下电性结构的勘探方法,较易受到噪声干扰。脉冲类噪声是大地电磁工作中的常见噪声,其幅值高、频带宽,会对数据质量产生较大影响。【方法】为了压制脉冲类噪声,以插补思想为基础,提出了基于时间序列双向循环插补模型(Bidirectional recurrent imputation for time series,BRITS)的大地电磁脉冲类噪声处理方法。首先,将噪声干扰段删除,此时大地电磁时间序列可视为待插补的缺失序列,而后利用该缺失序列构建训练集,对BRITS模型进行插补训练,训练完成后对缺失序列进行插补,即可得到去噪结果。通过仿真及实测含噪声数据处理,并与经验模态分解(Empirical mode decomposition,EMD)阈值方法进行了对比。【结果和结论】结果表明:BRITS方法对仿真噪声数据处理后与原始数据的归一化互相关系数可达0.999以上,信噪比可达29 dB以上,EMD阈值方法处理前后相关系数为0.778,信噪比为3.09 dB;在实测数据处理中,BRITS方法有效恢复了噪声干扰数据,相比EMD阈值方法,其阻抗奈奎斯特图更接近天然大地电磁信号特征。通过不同训练样本试验得出:对4分量大地电磁数据而言,数据中至少需包含两道正常分量,单个含噪分量中噪声占比不大于20%,且噪声连续干扰长度不超过10个采样点,此时,BRITS方法去噪后数据的相关系数在0.96以上,可以保证一定的去噪精度。
