The 3D magnetic structure beneath the continental margin of the northeastern South China Sea

Understanding the continental margin of the Northeastern South China Sea is critical to the study of deep structures, tectonic evolution, and dynamics of the region. One set of important data for this endeavor is the total-field magnetic data. Given the challenges associated with the magnetic data at low latitudes and with remanent magnetism in this area, we combine the equivalent-source technique and magnetic amplitude inversion to recover 3D subsurface magnetic structures. The inversion results show that this area is characterized by a north-south block division and east-west zonation. Magnetic regions strike in EW, NE and NW direction and are consistent with major tectonic trends in the region. The highly magnetic zone recovered from inversion in the continental margin differs visibly from that of the magnetically quiet zones to the south. The magnetic anomaly zone strikes in NE direction, covering an area of about 500 km × 60 km, and extending downward to a depth of 25 km or more. In combination with other geophysical data, we suggest that this strongly magnetic zone was produced by deep underplating of magma associated with plate subduction in Mesozoic period. The magnetically quiet zone in the south is an EW trending unit underlain by broad and gentle magnetic layers of lower crust. Its magnetic structure bears a clear resemblance to oceanic crust, assumed to be related to the presence of ancient oceanic crust there.

Relationship between Granite and Eclogite on the Southern Margin of the Qilian Mountains: Evidence from Zircon SHRIMP Agesof the Aolaoshan Granite

Zircon SHRIMP ages of the Aolaoshan granite on the south margin of the QilianMts. range from 445 + - 15.3 to 496 + - 7.6 Ma (averaging 473 Ma), belonging to the EarlyOrdovician. Geochemically, the granite is similar to I-type granite and, tectonically, was formed inan island-arc environment based on relevant diagrams for structural discriminations. Consideringalso the regional geology, the authors suggest that the granite is part of an ultrahigh-pressurebelt on the south margin of the Qilian Mts. and that its formation bears a close relationship tothis belt.

Reconstruction of precipita- tion in the last 140 years fromtree ring at south margin of the Tengger Desert, China

Based on the tree ring width index of Pinus tabulaeformis, precipitation in the last 140 years was recon-structed at south margin of the Tengger Desert. The results indicated that there were obvious fluctuations of dry-wet changes in precipitation: two wet periods occurred during 1868―1876 and 1932―1939, and two dry periods during 1877―1894 and 1924―1932, however, the years 1887 and 1888 were a little wet. There were small changes in precipita-tion during 1895―1923 and 1940―2000. As compared to the average, the maximum increasing range of precipitation amounted to 56% during the wet periods, and 42% during the dry periods. And the range of variability of precipitation exceeded 30% in 19 years. There was no obvious consistent drying or wetting trend in the last 140 years. But since 1940 fluctuating scope of precipitation tended to be smaller, while the frequency of the fluctuation tended to be larger. Power spectrum analyses suggested that precipitation of south mar-gin of the Tengger Desert had significant periodicities of 2.46―2.64 a and quasi periodicity of 11.67 a.

He-Ar isotopic system of fluid inclusions in pyrite from the molybdenum deposits in south margin of North China Block and its trace to metallogenetic and geodynamic background

The helium and argon isotopic compositions of the ore-forming fluids from the molybdenum deposits such as Jinduicheng, Donggou, Shijiawan, and Sandaozhuang, which are located in the East Qinling molybdenum belt in south margin of North China Block (SMCNB), are reported in this paper. The origin and the evolution of the ore-forming fluids and their coupled-relationships with the intra-continental collision and orogenic process of Qinling Orogen in Mesozoic-Cenozoic have been discussed. The 3He/4He and 40Ar/36Ar values (3He/4He=1.38―3.64 Ra, and 40Ar/36Ar=295.68―346.39, respectively) of the fluid inclusions in pyrite from the molybdenum deposits in East Qinling suggest that, the ore-forming fluid system is mixed by two end members. One is the high temperature deep-derived fluid congenetic with the porphyries generated by crust-mantle mixing, and the other is the low-temperature meteoric water which is rich in crustal radiogenic He with the component of atmospheric Ar. From the Pb isotopic composition, and ore-bearing potential of the porphyry and the regional stratum, we can conclude that the ore-forming materials of the deposits in the East Qinling molybdenum belt are derived from the deep source by the mixing of lower crust and upper mantle. Therefore, the formation of the molybdenum deposits in SMNCB can be related to the crust-mantle interaction, which is accompanied by the intra-continental orogenic and extension process in the post-collision period of Qinling Orogen. The granitic porphyries which are related to Mo mineralization are not simple crust-remelting type granites or S type granites, but belong to syntexis-type or mantle-derived granites, hence their formation has a profound and regional geodynamic background.

Geothermal investigation of the thickness of gas hydrate stability zone in the north continental margin of the South China Sea

The exploration of unconventional and/or new energy resources has become the focus of energy research worldwide,given the shortage of fossil fuels.As a potential energy resource,gas hydrate exists only in the environment of high pressure and low temperature,mainly distributing in the sediments of the seafloor in the continental margins and the permafrost zones in land.The accurate determination of the thickness of gas hydrate stability zone is essential yet challenging in the assessment of the exploitation potential.The majority of previous studies obtain this thickness by detecting the bottom simulating reflectors（BSRs） layer on the seismic profiles.The phase equilibrium between gas hydrate stable state with its temperature and pressure provides an opportunity to derive the thickness with the geothermal method.Based on the latest geothermal dataset,we calculated the thickness of the gas hydrate stability zone（GHSZ） in the north continental margin of the South China Sea.Our results indicate that the thicknesses of gas hydrate stability zone vary greatly in different areas of the northern margin of the South China Sea.The thickness mainly concentrates on 200–300 m and distributes in the southwestern and eastern areas with belt-like shape.We further confirmed a certain relationship between the GHSZ thickness and factors such as heat flow and water depth.The thickness of gas hydrate stability zone is found to be large where the heat flow is relatively low.The GHSZ thickness increases with the increase of the water depth,but it tends to stay steady when the water depth deeper than 3 000 m.The findings would improve the assessment of gas hydrate resource potential in the South China Sea.

Crustal S-wave velocity structure across the northeastern South China Sea continental margin: implications for lithology and mantle exhumation

The northeastern margin of the South China Sea (SCS), developed from continental rifting and breakup, is usually thought of as a non-volcanic margin. However, post-spreading volcanism is massive and lower crustal high-velocity anomalies are widespread, which complicate the nature of the margin here. To better understand crustal seismic velocities, lithology, and geophysical properties, we present an S-wave velocity (VS) model and a VP/VS model for the northeastern margin by using an existing P-wave velocity (VP) model as the starting model for 2-D kinematic S-wave forward ray tracing. The Mesozoic sedimentary sequence has lower VP/VS ratios than the Cenozoic sequence;in between is a main interface of P-S conversion. Two isolated high-velocity zones (HVZ) are found in the lower crust of the continental slope, showing S-wave velocities of 4.0–4.2 km/s and VP/VS ratios of 1.73–1.78. These values indicate a mafic composition, most likely of amphibolite facies. Also, a VP/VS versus VP plot indicates a magnesium-rich gabbro facies from post-spreading mantle melting at temperatures higher than normal. A third high-velocity zone (VP : 7.0–7.8 km/s;VP/VS: 1.85–1.96), 70-km wide and 4-km thick in the continent-ocean transition zone, is most likely to be a consequence of serpentinization of upwelled upper mantle. Seismic velocity structures and also gravity anomalies indicate that mantle upwelling/ serpentinization could be the most severe in the northeasternmost continent-ocean boundary of the SCS. Empirical relationships between seismic velocity and degree of serpentinization suggest that serpentinite content decreases with depth, from 43% in the lower crust to 37% into the mantle.

Characteristics and distribution patterns of reef complexes on the carbonate platform margin in deep water areas:the western South China Sea

As a potential oil and gas reservoir, reef complexes have been a research focus from petroleum geologists for a long time. There are favorable conditions for the development of reef complexes in the South China Sea; however, their internal structures, evolution and distribution are still poorly understood. Based on 2D and 3D seismic data, the internal structures and evolution patterns of the reef complexes on the carbonate platform margin in the deep water areas over the western South China Sea were studied in detail. The result shows that two types of reef complexes, i.e., fault controlling platform margin reef complexes and ramp reef complexes have been developed in the study area. The reef complexes have independent or continuous mound or lenticular seismic reflections, with three internal structures （i.e., aggrading, prograding and retrograding structures）. There are different growth rates during the evolution of the reef complexes, resulting in the formation of catch-up reefs, keep-up reefs and quick step reefs. The study also reveals that different platform margin reef complexes have different internal structures and distributions, because of the different platform types. These results may be applied to the exploration and prediction of carbonate platform margin reef complexes in other areas that are similar to the study area.

Mesozoic Deformation and Its Geological Significance in the Southern Margin of the South China Sea

The pre-Eocene history of the region around the present South China Sea is not well known. New multi-channel seismic profiles provide valuable insights into the probable Mesozoic history of this region. Detailed structural and stratigraphic interpretations of the multi-channel seismic profiles, calibrated with relevant drilling and dredging data, show major Mesozoic structural features. A structural restoration was done to remove the Cenozoic tectonic influence and calculate the Mesozoic tectonic compression ratios. The results indicate that two groups of compressive stress with diametrically opposite orientations, S(S)E– N(N)W and N(N)W–S(S)E, were active during the Mesozoic. The compression ratio values gradually decrease from north to south and from west to east in each stress orientation. The phenomena may be related to the opening of the proto-South China Sea(then located in south of the Nansha block) and the rate at which the Nansha block drifted northward in the late Jurassic to late Cretaceous. The Nansha block drifted northward until it collided and sutured with the southern China margin. The opening of the present South China Sea may be related to this suture zone, which was a tectonic zone of weakness.

The Research of the Activity of the Piedmont Fault on the Tangshankou Segment of the Yuguang Basin Southern Marginal Fault

The Yuguang basin is a half-graben basin in the basin-range tectonic zone in northwest Beijing,located at the northern end of the Shanxi graben system,and the Yuguang basin southern marginal fault( YBSMF) controls the formation of this basin. A linear fault escarpment has formed in the proluvial fan on the piedmont fault zone of the Tangshankou segment of YBSMF. A trench across this escarpment reveals three paleo-earthquake events on two active faults. One fault ruptured at about 9 ka for the first time,and then faulted again at about 7. 3 ka,causing the formation and synchronous activity of another fault.Finally,they faulted for the third time,but we cannot determine the faulting time due to the lack of relevant surface deposition. The accumulative vertical displacement of these three events is about 8. 1 m. We estimate that the average recurrence period of the piedmont fault is about 1. 7 ka,and the average slip rate of the piedmont fault is about1. 6 mm/a. We also estimate the reference magnitude of each event according to the empirical formula.

Characteristics and origin of continental marginal fault depressions under the background of preexisting subduction continental margin,northern South China Sea,China

Based on the new seismic and drilling data and the recent related research results,this paper systematically analyzes the diversity and complexity of evolution process of crustal lithosphere structure and basin structure in the Pearl River Mouth Basin on the northern margin of the South China Sea.Three types of detachment faults of different structural levels exist:crust-mantle detachment,inter-crust detachment and upper crust detachment.It is considered that different types of extensional detachment control different subbasin structures.Many fault depressions controlled by upper crust detachment faults have been found in the Zhu I Depression located in the proximal zone.These detachment faults are usually reformed by magma emplacement or controlled by preexisting faults.Baiyun-Liwan Sag located in the hyperextension area shows different characteristics of internal structure.The Baiyun main sag with relative weak magmatism transformation is a wide-deep fault depression,which is controlled by crust-mantle detachment system.Extensive magmatism occurred in the eastern and southwest fault steps of the Baiyun Sag after Middle Eocene,and the crust ductile extensional deformation resulted in wide-shallow fault depression controlled by the upper crust detachment fault.Based on the classical lithosphere extensional breaking and basin tectonic evolution in the Atlantic margin,it is believed that the magmatic activities and pre-existing structures in the Mesozoic subduction continental margin background are important controlling factors for the diversified continental margin faulted structures in the northern South China Sea.

New insights from low-temperature thermochronology into the tectonic and geomorphologic evolution of the south-eastern Brazilian highlands and passive margin

The South Atlantic passive margin along the south-eastern Brazilian highlands exhibits a complex landscape,including a northern inselberg area and a southern elevated plateau,separated by the Doce River valley.This landscape is set on the Proterozoic to early Paleozoic rocks of the region that once was the hot core of the Aracuai orogen,in Ediacaran to Ordovician times.Due to the break-up of Gondwana and consequently the opening of the South Atlantic during the Early Cretaceous,those rocks of the Araquai orogen became the basement of a portion of the South Atlantic passive margin and related southeastern Brazilian highlands.Our goal is to provide a new set of constraints on the thermo-tectonic history of this portion of the south-eastern Brazilian margin and related surface processes,and to provide a hypothesis on the geodynamic context since break-up.To this end,we combine the apatite fission track(AFT)and apatite(U-Th)/He(AHe)methods as input for inverse thermal history modelling.All our AFT and AHe central ages are Late Cretaceous to early Paleogene.The AFT ages vary between 62 Ma and90 Ma,with mean track lengths between 12.2μm and 13.6μm.AHe ages are found to be equivalent to AFT ages within uncertainty,albeit with the former exhibiting a lesser degree of confidence.We relate this Late Cretaceous-Paleocene basement cooling to uplift with accelerated denudation at this time.Spatial variation of the denudation time can be linked to differential reactivation of the Precambrian structural network and differential erosion due to a complex interplay with the drainage system.We argue that posterior large-scale sedimentation in the offshore basins may be a result of flexural isostasy combined with an expansion of the drainage network.We put forward the combined compression of the Mid-Atlantic ridge and the Peruvian phase of the Andean orogeny,potentially augmented through the thermal weakening of the lower crust by the Trindade thermal anomaly,as a probable cause for the uplift.

A Lower Ordovician Carbonate Contourite Drift on the Margin of the South China Paleocontinent at Jiuxi,Northern Hunan

Carbonate contourite drift at Jiuxi. Taoyuan, northern Hunan, was developed in a deepwater area ofnorthern Hunan on the margin of the Early Ordovician South China palcocontinent. The Lower Ordoviciansequence in the area is more than 350 m thick and contains well-developed contourites that can be groupedinto the following five types: the calcilutitic, the arenitic, the siltitic. the fine ruditic and the bioclastic. Thefirst three often constitute a complete or incomplete contourite succession. The arenitic contourite is nearlyuniformly distributed as interlayers throughout the succession, creating a monotonously rhythmic texture inthe contourite drift. The pattern of spatial distribution of the succession shows that the contourite drift is ahuge ridge-like sedimentary body extending along the trend of paleoslope. Numerous marks of flow direc-tion have pointed to an eastward paleoflow direction along the slope.

Middle and Late Tertiary Palaeogeography and Palaeoenvironment on the Northern Continental Margin of the South China Sea

Based essentially on research results of calcareous nannofossils, combined with some other microfossil da-ta and several secondary depositional breaks, this paper discusses the criteria of division and comparison of themiddle and late Tertiary marine sediments, palaeogeographical and palaeoenvironmental evolution andpalaeoclimates on the northern continental margin of the South China Sea, comprising the Tainan basin, PearlRiver Mouth basin. Southeast Hainan basin and Beibu Gulf basin. Study shows that the upper Oligocene toPliocene strata in the whole area consist essentially of marine sediments except in the Beibu Gulf basin. Theyinclude littoral. neritic and deltaic sediments as well as carbonate rock-bioherm limestone. The sea advancedfrom southeast to northwest. During the transgression there appeared three culminations coinciding to thestages of deposition of nannofossil zones NN4-5, NN11 and 13-15.

从陆缘伸展探讨新生代南海构造演化

南海的形成和演化是地学界长期争论的问题,前人给出了多种成因模式,目前较流行的模式是海底扩张,但它难以合理解释南海海底扩张中的洋中脊跳跃现象及南海大洋中的大陆残片。基于欧亚东缘的陆缘伸展,从地幔上涌和陆壳沿莫霍面的重力滑移的新大陆漂移模型出发,通过横跨南海的几条地震勘探剖面的地质新解释,研究了南海的形成和演化过程。结果说明,南海的形成是一种“构造被动挤出+微陆块主动漂移”模式。构造被动挤出是指印度-欧亚碰撞造成的欧亚大陆东南缘的微陆块被大规模挤出,而由陆缘伸展形成的微陆块在被挤出后发生了主动裂解漂移,南海的海底扩张现象是诸多微陆块主动漂移的结果。这个新的模式能够合理地解释南海形成过程中的洋中脊跳跃现象及南海中大陆残片的成因机制。进一步恢复了南海演化过程中周边陆块的运动演化历史,说明欧亚东缘在中生代晚期发生的大规模伸展构造运动是南海形成的基础,新生代印度-欧亚碰撞是南海形成的直接动力,微陆块的裂解漂移是南海形成的主要参与者。

南海北部被动陆缘洋陆转换带张裂–破裂研究新进展

文章基于深地震探测数据与大洋钻探资料,研究了南海北部被动陆缘洋陆转换带张裂–破裂机制科学问题。2018-2023年在国家基金委共享航次的协助下,实施了三维深地震探测实验,共投放海底地震仪52台次,海底电磁仪2台次,放炮数量达8750炮,累积获得了294Gb的第一手数据,并取得了一系列的创新性成果:1)首次获得南海北部陆缘洋陆转换带深达上地幔的三维速度结构,精准确定了研究区洋陆转换带三维空间展布范围宽度为10~20km;2)揭示南海北部陆缘异常活跃的岩浆作用,提出了不同时间段的构造与岩浆相互作用方式,岩浆活动随着伸展作用不断向洋迁移并逐渐占据主导地位;3)建立了边缘海独特的张裂–破裂地质演化模型,最后一期强烈的岩浆活动导致岩石圈破裂,形成由玄武岩为主的“鳄鱼嘴”构造,同时张裂–破裂过程沿其陆缘走向又存在显著的构造–岩浆差异性。

西天山早寒武世夏特辉长岩:南天山洋早期俯冲的岩浆记录

相对于西天山晚古生代—中生代广泛存在的岩浆事件,其天山早古生代初期地质记录保存较少,此在很大程度上制约了学界对于亚洲洋早期演化的认识。此次选取的夏特辉长岩位于中天山南缘构造混杂岩带北侧,LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb测年结果为(523±5)Ma,属早寒武世,其与中天山早古生代岩浆活动构成有“西早–东晚”的时空分布特征,从而在一定程度上奠定了西天山“西早–东晚”的剪刀差式闭合事件。夏特辉长岩为钠质的钙碱性系列,岩石地球化学特征反映其形成过程中经历有橄榄石、尖晶石等矿物的分离结晶以及斜长石的堆晶作用。该辉长岩富集大离子亲石元素、亏损高场强元素,构造岩浆环境判别图解也进一步指示其为弧岩浆作用的产物。锆石Hf同位素特征具有正的εHf(t)值(+1.47~+11.91),显示出亏损地幔的物质源区。此外,较高的Th/Nb原始地幔标准化比值和较低的Nb/La值,暗示了岩浆形成过程中存有俯冲物质的卷入。夏特辉长岩的形成表明南天山洋在早寒武世已经开始向中天山地块之下俯冲,伴随着中天山地块的俯冲、消减,沿中天山地块周缘于早寒武世已经形成有陆缘弧岩浆体系。

Petroleum geology controlled by extensive detachment thinning of continental margin crust: A case study of Baiyun sag in the deep-water area of northern South China Sea

The relationships between crustal stretching and thinning,basin structure and petroleum geology in Baiyun deep-water area were analyzed using large area 3D seismic,gravity,magnetic,ocean bottom seismic(OBS),deep-water exploration wells and integrated ocean drilling program(IODP).During the early syn-rifting period,deep-water area was a half-graben controlled by high angle faults influenced by the brittle extension of upper crust.In the mid syn-rifting period,this area was a broad-deep fault depression controlled by detachment faults undergone brittle-ductile deformation and differentiated extension in the crust.In the late syn-rifting period,this area experienced fault-sag transition due to saucer-shaped rheology change dominated by crustal ductile deformation.A broad-deep fault depression controlled by the large detachment faults penetrating through the crust is an important feature of deep-water basin.The study suggests that the broad-deep Baiyun sag provides great accommodation space for the development of massive deltaic-lacustrine deposition system and hydrocarbon source rocks.The differentiated lithospheric thinning also resulted in the different thermal subsidence during post-rifting period,and then controlled the development of continental shelf break and deep-water reservoir sedimentary environment.The high heat flow background caused by the strong thinning of lithosphere and the rise of mantle source resulted in particularities in the reservoir diagenesis,hydrocarbon generation process and accumulation of deep-water area in northern South China Sea.

华北克拉通南缘角子山花岗岩的锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学特征及构造背景

角子山岩基是秦岭造山带东端伏牛山余脉规模居第二位的燕山期侵入岩,其岩石成因模型有助于深入认识华北克拉通南缘伏牛山余脉早白垩世酸性岩浆的形成规律和深部构造演化。角子山花岗岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年样品的30个测点中,18个有效锆石测点的U-Pb年龄集中于(129.5±1.4)Ma(1个)和(116.1±1.4)~(122.2±1.3)Ma(17个)两组,形成了锆石年龄谱,后者的加权平均年龄为(119.3±0.9)Ma。结合前人10个有效锆石测点的U-Pb年龄数据,27颗锆石的加权平均年龄为(118.2±1.2)Ma,代表了角子山花岗岩的形成时代。角子山花岗岩样品具有富Si和碱、贫Ca和Mg的特征,为高钾钙碱性系列岩石,属于准铝质-弱过铝质花岗岩。在微量元素蛛网图中,角子山花岗岩样品显示了Rb、Th及Zr、Hf的正异常和Sr、P、Ti的负异常。角子山花岗岩稀土总量为20.9×10^(-6)~204×10^(-6),(La/Yb)N值为4.24~21.0,δEu值为0.53~0.78,稀土配分模式呈轻稀土富集(右倾平滑)和中、重稀土亏损(近水平)的特征。角子山花岗岩样品的LaN-(La/Yb)N投点显示了正相关关系,表明其成分变异受控于部分熔融作用。角子山花岗岩的部分熔融源残余相包括角闪石、斜长石和金红石,无石榴子石残余,表明它形成于正常厚度地壳,存在深度大致为40~50 km和小于30 km的两个部分熔融岩石源区。角子山花岗岩形成于秦岭早白垩世陆(板)内造山阶段,经历了岩浆/流体混合再活化作用,是~120 Ma区域岩石圈拆沉作用的产物。

洛南任家滩—荞麦山正长斑岩成因及其对古元古代晚期裂解的指示——岩石化学及锆石U-Pb年龄和Lu—Hf同位素特征

华北克拉通南缘的陕西洛南—河南豫西地区出露一系列形成于1.8~1.6 Ga的碱性岩,对这些碱性岩的研究有助于提高对华北克拉通南缘古元古代构造环境的认识。笔者等选取陕西省洛南县任家滩—荞麦山一带碱性侵入体进行系统的岩石学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、Lu—Hf同位素分析和岩石地球化学研究,讨论了其成因机制和构造背景。研究表明,任家滩—荞麦山岩体的主体岩性为正长斑岩,加权平均年龄为1689±20 Ma(MSWD=0.12),表明其侵位时代为古元古代。该岩体富碱(Na_(2)O+K_(2)O=7.95%~9.5%),高钾(K_(2)O=4.67%~8.51%);稀土元素总量较高(496.15×10^(-6)~650.16×10^(-6),平均543.06×10^(-6)),轻、重稀土元素分馏比较明显,轻稀土元素相对富集(LREE=454×10^(-6)~605×10^(-6)),重稀土元素亏损(HREE=39.3×10^(-6)~45.6×10^(-6)),具有弱负铕异常;K、Rb、Ba、Th富集,Nb、Ta、P、Ti亏损,并且具有明显的Sr负异常。εHf(t)值<0,TDM1值为2038~2218 Ma,TDM2值为2250~2516 Ma,说明岩浆源区物质与富集地幔有关或受到过地壳物质的混染。因此,任家滩—荞麦山岩体是由地幔玄武质岩浆与地壳基底太华杂岩形成的中酸性花岗质岩浆混合后形成的熔体,经强烈的结晶分异作用形成的,其形成于陆内裂谷的构造环境,是华北克拉通南缘对哥伦比亚超大陆裂解事件的响应。

川东地区新钻区块礁滩沉积模式及有利相带——以板东南缘上二叠统长兴组为例

近年来,四川盆地东部武胜-石柱台内洼地两侧上二叠统长兴组礁滩气藏勘探开发不断突破,卧龙河南缘地区3口生物礁钻井已获天然气近5×10^(8)m^(3),与其相邻的板东南缘长兴组也发现大面积相同的礁滩地震异常体,但其“亚平行层状反射”特征与典型的生物礁地震响应特征具有明显差异,由于该区块钻井少(仅板东18井1口井),研究程度较低,对于该异常体是礁还是滩的地质认识仍然模糊不清。因此,亟待建立本区的沉积模式,为下一步的勘探部署提供理论依据。在对比分析卧龙河南缘及广安高带地区的薄片、测井曲线及地震资料的基础上,结合正演及古地貌分析,开展了本区沉积储层模式及有利相带预测的研究。结果表明:①板东南缘地区长二段岩性以生屑灰岩为主,长三段见生物礁灰岩,认为板东南缘地区具有生物礁和生屑滩纵向叠置发育的条件;②板东南缘台洼边缘前端长顶上隆、振幅减弱、内部断续及空白反射为生物礁的响应特征,台洼边缘后端长顶上隆、振幅减弱、内部亚平行层状反射为礁滩叠置体的响应特征;③恢复了长兴组古地貌,预测了礁滩体有利相带共8.8km^(2);④通过与邻区的井震对比及正演分析,建立了本区台洼边缘前端生物礁、台洼边缘后端礁滩叠置体的沉积模式。板东南缘地区长兴组礁滩沉积模式的建立对台洼礁滩气藏的勘探开发具有重要的指导意义。