The Degree of Approximation by(E,q)(C,α,β)Means in Orlicz Spaces

In this paper,we study the trigonometric approximation problems of functions which belong to the Lipαclass,the Lip(ξ(t))class,and the W(L_(M)^(*);ξ(t))class in Orlicz spaces by using the tools Hölder inequality in Orlicz spaces,the second mean value theorem for integrals,and(E,q)(C,α,β)means etc.At the same time,we give the corresponding degree of approximation.

THE INSTABILITY DEGREE IN THE DIEMNSION OF SPACES OF BIVARIATE SPLINE

In this paper, the dimension of the spaces of bivariate spline with degree less that 2r and smoothness order r on the Morgan-Scott triangulation is considered. The concept of the instability degree in the dimension of spaces of bivariate spline is presented. The results in the paper make us conjecture the instability degree in the dimension of spaces of bivariate spline is infinity.

Topological degree for 1-set-contractive fields in M-PN spaces and its applications

In this paper, we define the topological degree for 1-set-contractive fields in PN spaces. Based on this, we obtain some new fixed point theorems for 1-set-contractive operators. As an application, we study the existence of solutions for a kind of nonlinear Volterra integral equations in Z-M-PN space.

CANONICAL REPRESENTATIONS AND DEGREE OF FREEDOM FORMULAE OF ORTHOGONAL TENSORS IN N-DIMENSIONAL EUCLIDEAN SPACE

In this paper, with the help of the eigenvalue properties of orthogonal tensors in n-dimensional Euclidean space and the representations of the orthogonal tensors in 2-dimensional space, the canonical representations of orthogonal tensors in n-dimensional Euclidean space are easily gotten. The paper also gives all the constraint relationships among the principal invariants of arbitrarily given orthogonal tensor by use of Cayley-Hamilton theorem; these results make it possible to solve all the eigenvalues of any orthogonal tensor based on a quite reduced equation of m-th order, where m is the integer part ofn \2. Finally, the formulae of the degree of freedom of orthogonal tensors are given.

Formula for calculating spatial similarity degrees between point clouds on multi-scale maps taking map scale change as the only independent variable

The degree of spatial similarity plays an important role in map generalization, yet there has been no quantitative research into it. To fill this gap, this study first defines map scale change and spatial similarity degree/relation in multi-scale map spaces and then proposes a model for calculating the degree of spatial similarity between a point cloud at one scale and its gener- alized counterpart at another scale. After validation, the new model features 16 points with map scale change as the x coordinate and the degree of spatial similarity as the y coordinate. Finally, using an application for curve fitting, the model achieves an empirical formula that can calculate the degree of spatial similarity using map scale change as the sole independent variable, and vice versa. This formula can be used to automate algorithms for point feature generalization and to determine when to terminate them during the generalization.

m-degree Center-connecting Line of Finite Points Set and Its Properties

In this paper, we first give the concept of m-degree center-connecting line in n-dimensional Euclidean space Enand investigate its several properties, then we obtain the length of m-degree center-connecting line formula in finite points set. As its application,we extend the Leibniz formula and length of medians formula in n-dimensional simplex to polytope.

Modal identification of multi-degree-of-freedom structures based on intrinsic chirp component decomposition method

Modal parameter identification is a mature technology.However,there are some challenges in its practical applications such as the identification of vibration systems involving closely spaced modes and intensive noise contamination.This paper proposes a new time-frequency method based on intrinsic chirp component decomposition(ICCD)to address these issues.In this method,a redundant Fourier model is used to ameliorate border distortions and improve the accuracy of signal reconstruction.The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are illustrated using three examples:a cantilever beam structure with intensive noise contamination or environmental interference,a four-degree-of-freedom structure with two closely spaced modes,and an impact test on a cantilever rectangular plate.By comparison with the identification method based on the empirical wavelet transform(EWT),it is shown that the presented method is effective,even in a high-noise environment,and the dynamic characteristics of closely spaced modes are accurately determined.

A Design Method of Noncoherent Unitary Space-Time Codes

We generalized an constructing method of noncoherent unitary space time codes (N-USTC) over Rayleigh flat fading channels. A family of N-USTCs with T symbol peroids, M transmit and N receive antennas was constructed by the exponential mapping method based on the tangent subspace of the Grassmann manifold. This exponential mapping method can transform the coherent space time codes (C-STC) into the N-USTC on the Grassmann manifold. We infered an universal framework of constructing a C-STC that is designed by using the algebraic number theory and has full rate and full diversity (FRFD) for t symbol periods and same antennas, where M, N, T, t are general positive integer. We discussed the constraint condition that the exponential mapping has only one solution, from which we presented a approach of searching the optimum adjustive factor αopt that can generate an optimum noncoherent codeword. For different code parameters M, N, T, t and the optimum adjustive factor αopt, we gave the simulation results of the several N-USTCs.

Some New Fixed Point Theorems in Probabilistic Metric Spaces

In this paper, we introduce the concept of the Z-M-PN space and obtain somenew fixed point theorems in probabilistic metric spaces Meanwhile,some famous fixedpoint theorems are generalized in probabilistic metric spaces, such a.s fixed point theorem of Schauder, Guo's theorem and fixed point theorem of Petryshyn are generalized in Menger PN-space. And fixed point theorem of Altman is also generalized in the Z-M-PN space.

SOME THEOREMS IN THE X-M-PN SPACE

A new concept of the X-M-PN space is introduced, and the acute angle principle in the X-M-PN space is proved. Meanwhile, some new results are obtained.

EXPLORATION OF SUBSTITUTION OF REPEATED MODE SUBSPACES FOR CLOSELY SPACED MODE SUBSPACES

A new quantitative concept is introduced in this paper, which may be used to facilitate the measurement of the controllability of a subspace similar to subspace controllability degree. Then the concrete form of the subspace controllability degree of a flexible structure is derived, and the errors of subspace controllability degree and dynamical response caused by the substitution of a repeated mode subspace for a closely spaced mode subspace are discussed. All the results show that this substitution is rational under some conditions.

Trajectory Optimization for 7-Dofs Space Manipulator

The space manipulator is always designed to have 7 degrees of freedom（Dofs）with the consideration of energy limitation,as well as the flexible moving possibility.Therefore,how to plan the trajectory is important to improve the performance of the manipulator.In this paper,the speed of the end effector is configured as a projecting parameter,when a constant acceleration is applied to adjust the velocity.To implement this trajectory planning strategy,an optimization algorithm through the pseudo inverse of Jacobin matrix is designed,which adjusts the weight functions of joints.According to the functional theory,this algorithm is analyzed and the optimal solution is found in numerous sets of planning.A MATLAB simulation platform is established and the results verity the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Beyond Public Spaces： Shared Spaces in the Contemporary City

The text aims to investigate the relevance of the concept of＂public space＂ and the continuous variations which have changed its meaning. Going beyond the concept of public space, the author can understand the semantic boundaries of this definition： Today, relational spaces and shared spaces are the forms with which people can express the concept of public space. The gradual spread of new forms of communication has transformed the static view of public space in a more dynamic condition, the distinction between square, street, garden has lost its meaning leaving space to fragments and residues. Contemporary public spaces are defined, as the residual places that come from the abandonment of industries. The large mono-functional voids, which originate from industrial dismantlement, should be strategically reconsidered as new shared public spaces, where the integration between different functions leads to reactivate new forms of re-using of built space.

Research on Open Campus Space Evaluation System Based on CSOA Theory

As an important part of urban open space,campus space plays an important role in connecting urban traffic environment with the gradual improvement of urban space quality today.Based on CSOA(Campus Space Openness Assessment)theory,the paper calculates the current situation of walking space and vehicle crossing space in the campus,including entrance coupling degree(ξ),campus crossing degree(ε)and campus space opening degree(∑).The coupling relationship between campus entrance layout and campus road form for campus space openness is analyzed and the strategies are optimized respectively.The conclusions are as follows:①the location of campus entrances and exits can be reflected by the coupling degree of campus entrance,which is affected by the number and nodes,and the coupling degree is positively correlated with the number;②the closer the azimuth distance between the two entrances and exits on the campus to the linear distance,the higher the crossing rate;③the higher the product of campus entrance coupling degree and campus crossing degree,the higher the campus space opening degree.The results of this study provide quantitative guidance for modern campus design from the perspective of open campus space evaluation system.

S Bosons and Dark Particles of Space Field

The spacetime lattice model involves time lattice (static lattice) model and space lattice (dynamic lattice) model, both of which have the same lattices’ domains and the same fractal structures. The behaviors of the space field obey the uncertainty relations, which gauge invariance shows the space field is a gauge field, making the electromagnetic field, gravitowagnetic field and the fermion field be gauged, and the Lorentz condition and Lorentz gauge are the intrinsic attributes of the spacetime. The quantization of the classical space field produces S bosons of spin-1, which stimulated states by charges and masses are respectively photons and gravitons. The S bosons in thermal excitation are immeasurable and their energies may be dark. The principle of partition of independent freedom degrees regularizes the degrees for all particles including neutrino, which must have mass. By the S bosons, we interpret newly the virtual photons. Using the spacetime lattice model, we investigate the breaking of the symmetry of the gradient fields and the symmetry of the curl fields for the potential functions of the space field, and the creations and the annihilations of the dark photons and the dark gravitons. The complexity requires us to rename the electroweak phase transition as electro-gravito-weak phase transition. Finally, antiparticles are discussed. Our approach for the lattice models is a kind of renormalization group theory, signifying the breaking of symmetries can be renormalized.

超声引导下髂筋膜间隙阻滞联合腰硬联合麻醉对老年髋关节手术患者的影响

目的:探讨超声引导下髂筋膜间隙阻滞联合腰硬联合麻醉对老年髋关节手术患者的影响。方法:选取2021年1月—2023年4月于南京市浦口区中医院接受髋关节手术的102例老年患者作为研究对象,患者接受髋关节置换或复位内固定术治疗,根据随机数表法将患者分为对照组和观察组,各51例。对照组行腰硬联合麻醉,观察组在腰硬联合麻醉基础上行超声引导下髂筋膜间隙阻滞麻醉。对比两组平均动脉压、心率、术后镇痛用药情况[术后舒芬太尼用量、经静脉患者自控镇痛(PCIA)开始按压时间及按压次数]、应激反应指标[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、晚期氧化蛋白产物(AOPP)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)]、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)、中枢神经特异蛋白(S100-β)、β-淀粉样蛋白1~40(Aβ_(1~40))水平、不良反应及满意度。结果:两组麻醉前、手术开始时及手术结束时平均动脉压和心率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组蛛网膜下腔阻滞体位摆放时平均动脉压和心率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后舒芬太尼用量少于对照组,PCIA开始按压时间晚于对照组,PCIA按压次数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后5 d SOD、GSH-Px水平高于对照组,AOPP、MDA水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后12 h、1 d、3 d VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后6 h、1 d、2 d MMSE评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后6 h、1 d S100-β、Aβ_(1~40)水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组,总满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:老年髋关节手术患者接受超声引导下髂筋膜间隙阻滞联合腰硬联合麻醉方法,可改善麻醉操作期间平均动脉压和心率指标水平,减少术后镇痛药物使用剂量,减轻机体应激反应,降低术后疼痛感,改善术后认知功能,降低并发症发生率,提高满意率。

基于范数灰关联-动态功效系数法的机坪U型区空间效率评估

为了确定机坪U型区空间效率评估指标体系及其指标的重要程度,分别从机坪设计和机坪运行两个维度建立机坪U型区空间效率评估指标体系。基于此提出了基于范数灰关联-动态功效系数法的机坪U型区空间效率评估方法。并以10个国内大型运输机场航站楼对应的U型区机坪为例进行计算,得到了影响机坪U型区空间效率各指标的权重及各机场航站楼对应的U型区机坪的空间效率评分。提出在U型区设计时应着重考虑指廊边机位个数、U型区指廊纵深和U型区底边长度3个指标。结果表明,该方法能够较为科学地对机坪U型区空间效率影响因素进行综合分析,有效评判不同构型机坪U型区空间效率。

“三生”空间视角下土地利用功能演变与障碍诊断——以新一线城市南京市为例

基于“三生”空间视角构建土地利用多功能评价指标体系,运用改进的熵权TOPSIS法评价新一线城市南京市的土地利用多功能及其时变特征、权衡协同关系与障碍因素等,得到的结果显示:南京市在研究期间内土地利用多功能呈倒U型变化趋势,其中生产功能和生活功能提高,生态功能呈衰退态势;南京市土地生产、生活、生态功能空间存在程度不一的协同权衡关系;土地生产功能与生态功能的障碍度持续增大,其中SO 2年均浓度、森林覆盖率影响较突出,生活功能的障碍度持续减小。因此新一线城市应在权衡土地生活、生产与生态功能协同关系中强化土地生态空间服务功能,减少生活与生产活动带来的生态负效应,引导土地功能向高度协调方向演化。

面向狭长空间的三自由度并联机器人设计与建模

并联机器人因具有刚度大、结构稳定、承载能力大和运动负荷小等优点,在农业和工业等领域得到了广泛的应用。现有大部分并联机器人因支链呈空间对称分布,难以进入狭长空间工作。因此,针对狭长的工作环境,提出了一种新型三自由度并联结构,该机构整体沿一条直线导轨方向布置,减少了垂直于导轨方向的宽度,使之易于放入狭窄的空间内,同时能拥有较大工作空间,并实现3个自由度上的平动运动。通过G-K公式计算机构自由度;验证了该并联机器人设计的合理性;对平台进行了运动学和动力学分析;并根据遗传算法分析其奇异性;通过解析法对机构工作空间进行了分析。研究成果为三自由度并联机器人进入狭长空间工作提供了新的思路与构型。

“三生空间”视角下会泽县土地利用变化及耦合协调度时空格局分析

在生态较为脆弱且位置偏远的欠发达地区,生态环境保护和经济发展之间的矛盾长期共存。为有效破解这一发展困境,以曲靖市会泽县为研究对象,运用ArcGIS 10.8工具对2000、2010、2020年该地区的“三生空间”土地利用变化进行分析。通过时空分析、转移矩阵和耦合协调度模型,探讨“三生空间”视角下土地利用变化的时空特征和影响因素。结果显示:(1)会泽县的土地覆盖以林地、草地和耕地为主,建设用地面积明显增长,主要分布在城镇附近,而未利用地面积变化不明显。(2)建设用地、耕地、林地、草地、水体之间发生相互转变,其中草地-林地的转化量最大,但也有相当一部分林地和耕地转化为草地;此外,建设用地、未利用地和水体均有小部分相互转化,但变化不显著。(3)“三生空间”的耦合协调度变化D与耦合度C的变化相似,主要表现为功能中度协调区占比增加,功能高度不协调区占比减少。总体上看,会泽县土地利用的变化相对于大型城镇仍然较为缓慢。研究结果可为当地可持续发展提供科学依据。