MICROGRAVITY EXPERIMENTS OF TWO-PHASE FLOW PATTERNS ABOARD MIR SPACE STATION

A first experimental study on two-phase how patterns at a long-term, steady microgravity condition was conducted on board the Russian Space Station 'MIR' in August 1999. Carbogal and air are used as the liquid and the gas phase, respectively. Bubble, slug, slug-annular transitional, and annular hows are observed. A new region of annular how with lower liquid superficial velocity is discovered, and the region of the slug-annular transitional flow is wider than that observed by experiments on board the parabolic aircraft. The main patterns are bubble, slug-annular transitional and annular flows based on the experiments on board MIR space station. Some influences on the two-phase how patterns in the present experiments are discussed.

Advances in China Space Medical Experiment Research

In 2021,China Space Station(CSS)was assembled and constructed in-orbit,which provided a broad space platform for space medicine and space life sciences research.Space medicine focuses on the systematic risks that restrict long-term manned spaceflight.It carries out systematic research on the impact and countermeasure technology of long-term weightlessness on astronauts’health,space radiation on astronauts’health,behavior and ability,advanced on-orbit monitoring and medical disposal technology,and traditional space medical application technology by the space medicine experiment platform on human body and cell.It has accumulated valuable data on space environmental effects and human factors research,established a“human system risk”research system,obtained new knowledge and discoveries of space medicine,and explored countermeasure technologies of new characteristics.Moreover,a series of achievements have been made in the basic research on the mechanism of the special space environmental effect,which provides a solid foundation for the implementation of space missions.

SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite for Space Microgravity Experiments

SJ-10 is a recoverable scientific experiment satellite specially for the space experiments of microgravity physics science and space life science.This mission was officially started on 31 December 2012,and the satellite was launched on 6 April 2016.This paper introduces briefly the SJ-10 mission,the progress of SJ-10 engineering and the project constitution of sciences experiments onboard SJ-10.The purpose of this mission is to discover the law of matter movement and the rule of life activity that cannot be discovered on the ground due to the existence of gravity,and to know the acting mechanism on organisms by the complex radiation of space that cannot be simulated on the ground.

China's Space Animal Experiments Obtained Achievements

Entering into the 1990s, Chinese scientists have made mice, drosophila and silkworm eggs experiments in space with satellites and achieved remarkable results. These animals were put in space environment units with the ability of adjusting pressure, temperature and moisture control, air conditioning and purifying as well as foods and water supply. After 8-days’ flight, all performance parameters were normal and met the design requirements. The two mice kept alive for 5 days and 10 hours

油雾爆燃机理实验平台的搭建与教学实验设计

为了探究受限空间内油雾爆燃事故机理及事故后果,设计了可视化的油雾爆燃机理测试实验平台。通过“实验平台功能需求分析-平台设计与开发-实验设计与实施-数据采集-结果分析”全过程,实现实验平台开发与各种船舶舱室、石油炼化生产过程及其他工业生产中油雾爆燃事故模拟实验。通过爆燃火焰传播规律、舱室内温度场、压力场的测试与分析,揭示了油雾爆燃发展规律。爆燃峰值压力可达0.9 MPa。爆燃温度较高,舱内峰值温度达到988℃,油雾爆燃破坏性较强。该实验增强了教学过程的直观性、交互性和多感知性,提高了学生的安全意识和解决复杂工程问题的探究能力,培养了学生的实践创新能力,提升了实践教学的质量。

狭长受限空间火灾蔓延及烟气特性实验

狭长受限空间的火羽流及烟气层行为与常规建筑存在显著差异,其火源燃烧行为和烟气蔓延特性在热安全工程领域具有重要科学意义。开展研究性实验教学是实现消防工程专业培养目标的重要手段,为了提升实际教学效果,建立了融合“虚拟-实体、科研-教学、理论-实验”三位一体的实验教学方案。采用中尺寸实验平台进行火灾实验,按照实验设计、系统搭建、实验操作、教学结果来整体安排实体实验;通过Pyro Sim建立虚拟仿真场景、采用FDS进行模拟计算、通过场模拟图记录实验教学结果,使学生感知火灾发生发展的动态过程。通过实验展现了抽象理论知识的立体形态,有效地培养了学生的创新实践能力。

基于CiteSpace的半夏泻心汤实验研究知识图谱分析

目的:应用CiteSpace软件分析半夏泻心汤实验方面的研究情况,探索和发现半夏泻心汤在实验研究方面的热点。方法:检索中国知网中已发表的关于半夏泻心汤实验研究方面的文献,运用科学计量学工具CiteSpaceⅤ绘制半夏泻心汤实验研究知识图谱,并进行文献关键词共现分析和聚类分析。结果:关键词共现聚类网络由133个节点,242条线组成,被分成15个聚类。研究热点是对半夏泻心汤治疗糖尿病胃轻瘫机制的研究、半夏泻心汤对胃肠运动影响的研究。结论:通过知识图谱分析了解半夏泻心汤实验研究方面的研究热点和发展趋势,为今后的实验研究和临床应用提供依据,从而更好地提高半夏泻心汤的临床应用价值。

Progress of Materials Science in Space Technology in China(2020-2022)

In this paper,the main research work and related reports of materials science research in China’s space technology field during 2020-2022 are summarized.This paper covers Materials Sciences in Space Environment,Materials Sciences for Space Environment,Materials Behavior in Space Environment and Space experimental hardware for material investigation.With the rapid development of China’s space industry,more scientists will be involved in materials science,space technology and earth science researches.In the future,a series of disciplines such as space science,machinery,artificial intelligence,digital twin and big data will be further integrated with materials science,and space materials will also usher in new development opportunities.

用于批产卫星的稀疏红外灯阵空间热流模拟方法

针对批产卫星的空间外热流模拟,文章提出稀疏红外灯阵模拟方法。首先根据13169X/98型红外灯管的物理特性以及热流模拟需求进行数值分析,获得其平面热流分布规律;然后在真空设备中对数值计算的准确性进行试验验证,并总结红外灯管热流分布特性;通过对比不同控温方式,寻求匹配红外灯阵输出特性的最佳控制方法,使控温区域内的热流<3 W/m2;最后,以热流不均匀性引起卫星表面舱板温度梯度<3℃为约束条件,优化设计稀疏红外灯阵的数量与布局。结果表明:在灯管覆盖系数<5%的情况下,能实现热流模拟的偏差<3%,证明可以用较少的灯管实现外热流的较均匀模拟。

TDI-CMOS焦面组件传热路径优化设计

为解决TDI-CMOS传感器在轨温漂问题,利用相变储能装置对焦面组件传热路径进行优化设计,以更好的控制传感器芯片在轨成像期间的温升,进一步提高空间相机成像品质。首先根据轨道热流环境及焦面组件工作特性确定仿真及试验边界条件;接着利用现有焦面组件结构进行建模仿真分析并开展热试验,得到优化前各部分温度结果;再根据现有结构进行热控优化设计,研究不同的传热路径对CMOS传感器温度的提升效果,确定出辅以相变储能装置的焦面组件热设计方案;最后开展焦面组件热光学试验,验证设计方案的正确性。试验结果表明,采用针脚散热方案与侧面散热相组合的强化传热方式能够满足CMOS传感器在工作期间5℃以内温升要求,且DN值变化小于0.2%,优化方案有效提高了成像品质。

Space radiation and cardiovascular disease risk

Future long-distance space missions will be associated with significant exposures to ionizing radiation,and the health risks of these radiation exposures during manned missions need to be assessed. Recent Earth-based epidemiological studies in survivors of atomic bombs and after occupational and medical low dose radiation exposures have indicated that the cardiovascular system may be more sensitive to ionizing radiation than was previously thought. This has raised the concern of a cardiovascular disease risk from exposure to space radiation during long-distance space travel. Groundbased studies with animal and cell culture models play an important role in estimating health risks from space radiation exposure. Charged particle space radiation has dense ionization characteristics and may induce unique biological responses,appropriate simulation of the space radiation environment and careful consideration of the choice of the experimental model are critical. Recent studies have addressed cardiovascular effects of space radiation using such models and provided first results that aid in estimating cardiovascular disease risk,and several other studies are ongoing. Moreover,astronauts could potentially be administered pharmacological countermeasures against adverse effects of space radiation,and research is focused on the development of such compounds. Because the cardiovascular response to space radiation has not yet been clearly defined,the identification of potential pharmacological countermeasures against cardiovascular effects is still in its infancy.

Numerical and Experimental Studies on the Effect of Axial Spacing on Hydrodynamic Performance of the Hybrid CRP Pod Propulsion System

The hydrodynamic performance of a hybrid CRP pod propulsion system was studied by RANS method with SST k ？？ turbulence model and sliding mesh. The effect of axial spacing on the hydrodynamic performance of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system was investigated numerically and experimentally. It shows that RANS with the sliding mesh method and SST k -ω turbulence model predicts accurately the hydrodynamic performance of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system. The axial spacing has little influence on the hydrodynamic performance of the forward propeller, but great influence on that of the pod unit. Thrust coefficient of the pod unit declines with the increase of the axial spacing, but the trend becomes weaker, and the decreasing amplitude at the lower advance coefficient is larger than that at the higher advance coefficient. The thrust coefficient and open water efficiency of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system decrease with the increase of the axial spacing, while the torque coefficient keeps almost constant. On this basis, the design principle of axial spacing of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system was proposed.

Design of Cultural Experience Space From the Perspective of Ecological Aesthetics:A Case Study of Aixi Lake Beauty·Library

Ecological aesthetics is the organic combination of ecology and aesthetics.It is the mainstream and basic form of aesthetics to integrate the ecological concepts of balance,system and entirety into the study of aesthetics.Cultural experience space is a new reading space with the characteristics of public cultural services.In this paper,Aixi Lake Beauty·Library is taken as research object,to analyze its design connotation and public effect from the perspective of ecological aesthetics.The research aims to explore a feasible way for the construction of urban cultural experience space.

Reflections on the Experience of Network Virtual Space FromPhenomenology of Technics

People create network virtual space that is completely different from the real space through network information technologies.The characteristics of network virtual space are that the subject can obtain a similar real space experience.From the perspective of phenomenology of technics,in order to analyze the virtual space of the network,it is necessary to clear the phenomenological concepts,such as space,space experience,and virtual space experience,so as to know the type of network virtual space experience,explore the essential characteristics,and find solutions to the ethical conflicts in the virtual space experience of the network.

The Experimental Satellite on Electromagnetism Monitoring

The Experimental Satellite on Electromagnetism Monitoring(ESEM) was proposed in 2003 and proved in 2013 after 10-years' scientific demonstration. The ESEM mission was proposed to be the first satellite of space-based geophysical fields observation system in China with a lot of application prospects in earthquake science, geophysics, space sciences and so on. And coincide with the mission objectives, the satellite decides to use the Circular Sun Synchronous Orbit with an altitude of 507 km and descending node time at 14:00 LT. The payload assemble includes 8 instruments,Search-Coil Magnetometer, Electric Field Detector, High precision Magnetometer, GNSS occupation Receiver, Plasma Analyzer, Langmuir Probe, Energetic Particle Detector, and Three-frequency Transmitter. According to the planned schedule, the satellite is due to be launched in 2016–2017 and will be onboard operated for 5 years.

面向自主导航的无人机仿真实验平台构建

为了减小无人机执行自主导航任务过程中受到的各种干扰因素影响,增加稳定性,降低试飞风险并节省成本,该文面向建筑空间环境下无人机的自主导航任务需求,对无人机和传感器模型进行了分析,构建了建筑空间环境飞行场景库,并搭建了分布式仿真平台以保证无人机在模拟环境下高效地完成相关算法的验证与评估。

“两强”特色引领下力学研究生育人格局多维构建研究与实践——以山东科技大学力学学科为例

以数值模拟和试验创新的两强人才为培养特色,依托沿海区域汽车、船舶、家电等工业制造中的优势行业,与诸多企业开展育人合作,协同培养面向工业制造领域、有志于打造核心技术产品的创新型工程力学技术人才。并在培养过程中融入学科文化建设,培养研究生既有“学术”又有“学养”,为力学学科探索一条课程体系、实践创新、文化建设等内部耦合的多维育人格局模式。

教师教育智慧学习空间:内涵、框架与实践策略

在人工智能、虚拟现实、数字孪生等智能技术与教育深度融合的背景下,如何利用技术创新师范生培养模式,适应新时代教师教育振兴计划与教育数字化转型的要求,已成为推动高校教师教育专业发展的关键。当前大量师范院校仍主要以“微格教室”作为教师教育实验课程场所,存在设备陈旧、反馈滞后等问题。为突破这一局限,本研究提出“教师教育智慧学习空间”概念及其数智高效、虚实共生、开放融合、协同创新等特征;基于教师教育理论与系统设计理论阐述了教师教育智慧学习空间的设计原则,从物理空间—虚拟空间—云端分析三个向度建构了教师教育智慧学习空间框架。本研究立足教师教育的育人立场,围绕师范生主体、教学反思、课程推衍、循证探究等提出针对性建议,旨在为加快教师教育数字化转型及创新性发展提供思路。

空间机械臂关节维修性设计与验证

空间机械臂维修性对机械臂可靠性和长寿命具有非常重要的意义。在研究国际空间站机械臂在轨维护维修任务和关节产品特点的基础上,结合中国空间站机械臂特点,设计了一种四方协同作业3次出舱的机械臂关节维修方案,通过搭建虚拟维修仿真平台开展了维修仿真验证,完成了模拟维修场景下机械臂关节的维修试验,充分验证了机械臂关节维修的可操作性、可达性、可视性、安全性和流程合理性。

空间高温材料科学实验设备研究进展

高温材料科学实验设备是开展空间材料科学研究的必要支撑。综述了世界主要航天大国关于空间材料科学实验设备的研究现状,重点剖析了国际空间站上典型材料科学实验设备的技术特点。介绍了中国空间高温材料科学实验设备的发展历程,主要体现在从最初功能简单、结构单一的模式,逐渐发展成为集材料制备、处理、实时观察、测试和在线分析等功能于一体的综合实验系统。进一步总结了空间高温材料科学实验设备的关键技术,并对中国材料科学实验设备的深入研究提出了建议。