We develop a 3D bounded slice-surface grid (3D-BSSG) structure for representation and introduce the solution space smoothing technique to search for the optimal solution. Experiment results demonstrate that a 3D-BSS...We develop a 3D bounded slice-surface grid (3D-BSSG) structure for representation and introduce the solution space smoothing technique to search for the optimal solution. Experiment results demonstrate that a 3D-BSSG structure based algorithm is very effective and efficient.展开更多
In this paper,we study some dentabilities in Banach spaces which are closely related to the famous Radon-Nikodym property.We introduce the concepts of the weak^(*)-weak denting point and the weak^(*)-weak^(*)denting p...In this paper,we study some dentabilities in Banach spaces which are closely related to the famous Radon-Nikodym property.We introduce the concepts of the weak^(*)-weak denting point and the weak^(*)-weak^(*)denting point of a set.These are the generalizations of the weak^(*)denting point of a set in a dual Banach space.By use of the weak^(*)-weak denting point,we characterize the very smooth space,the point of weak^(*)-weak continuity,and the extreme point of a unit ball in a dual Banach space.Meanwhile,we also characterize an approximatively weak compact Chebyshev set in dual Banach spaces.Moreover,we define the nearly weak dentability in Banach spaces,which is a generalization of near dentability.We prove the necessary and sufficient conditions of the reflexivity by nearly weak dentability.We also obtain that nearly weak dentability is equivalent to both the approximatively weak compactness of Banach spaces and the w-strong proximinality of every closed convex subset of Banach spaces.展开更多
Some strong convergence theorems of explicit composite iteration scheme for nonexpansive semi-groups in the framework of Banach spaces are established. Results presented in the paper not only extend and improve the co...Some strong convergence theorems of explicit composite iteration scheme for nonexpansive semi-groups in the framework of Banach spaces are established. Results presented in the paper not only extend and improve the corresponding results of ShiojiTakahashi, Suzuki, Xu and Aleyner-Reich, but also give a partially affirmative answer to the open questions raised by Suzuki and Xu.展开更多
In this paper, we first introduce a new class of generalized accretive operators named (H,η)-accretive in Banach space. By studying the properties of (H,η)-accretive, we extend the concept of resolvent operators...In this paper, we first introduce a new class of generalized accretive operators named (H,η)-accretive in Banach space. By studying the properties of (H,η)-accretive, we extend the concept of resolvent operators associated with m-accretive operators to the new (H,η)-accretive operators. In terms of the new resolvent operator technique, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions for this new system of variational inclusions. We also construct a new algorithm for approximating the solution of this system and discuss the convergence of the sequence of iterates generated by the algorithm.展开更多
This paper studies the convergence of the sequence defined by x0 ∈ C, xn+l =αnu+(1-αn)Txn, n=0, 1,2,..., where 0 ≤αn ≤ 1, limn→∞ αn = 0, ∑n=0^∞ αn = ∞, and T is a nonexpansive mapping from a nonempty...This paper studies the convergence of the sequence defined by x0 ∈ C, xn+l =αnu+(1-αn)Txn, n=0, 1,2,..., where 0 ≤αn ≤ 1, limn→∞ αn = 0, ∑n=0^∞ αn = ∞, and T is a nonexpansive mapping from a nonempty closed convex subset C of a Banach space X into itself. The iterative sequence {xn} converges strongly to a fixed point of T in the case when X is a uniformly convex Banach space with a uniformly Gateaux differentiable norm or a uniformly smooth Banach space only. The results presented in this paper extend and improve some recent results.展开更多
In this paper, the so-called(p,Ф)-Carleson measure is introduced and the rela-tionship between vector-valued martingales in the general Campanato spaces Lp,Ф(X) and the (p, Ф)-Carleson measures is investigate...In this paper, the so-called(p,Ф)-Carleson measure is introduced and the rela-tionship between vector-valued martingales in the general Campanato spaces Lp,Ф(X) and the (p, Ф)-Carleson measures is investigated. Specifically, it is proved that for q ∈ [2, ∞), the measure d# :-=││ dfk││^qdP dm is a (q, Ф)-Carleson measure on Ω × N for every f ∈ Lq,Ф(X) if and only if X has an equivalent norm which is q-uniformly convex; while for p C (1, 2], the measure dμ :=││dfk││^pP dm is a (p, Ф)-Carleson measure on Ω ×N implies that f ∈ Lp,Ф(X) if and only if X admits an equivalent norm which is p-uniformly smooth. This result extends an earlier result in the literature from BMO spaces to general Campanato spaces.展开更多
We introduce the notion of K-very smoothness which is a generalization of very smoothness in Banach spaces. A necessary and sufficient condition for a Banach space to be K-very smooth is obtained. We also consider som...We introduce the notion of K-very smoothness which is a generalization of very smoothness in Banach spaces. A necessary and sufficient condition for a Banach space to be K-very smooth is obtained. We also consider some relations between K-very smoothness and other geometrical notions.展开更多
In this paper the classical Besov spaces B^sp.q and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces F^sp.q for s∈R are generalized in an isotropy way with the smoothness weights { |2j|^α→ln }7=0. These generalized Besov spaces and Trie...In this paper the classical Besov spaces B^sp.q and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces F^sp.q for s∈R are generalized in an isotropy way with the smoothness weights { |2j|^α→ln }7=0. These generalized Besov spaces and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces, denoted by B^α→p.q and F^α→p.q for α^→ E Nk and k ∈N, respectively, keep many interesting properties, such as embedding theorems (with scales property for all smoothness weights), lifting properties for all parameters 5, and duality for index 0 〈 p 〈∞ By constructing an example, it is shown that there are infinitely many generalized Besov spaces and generalized Triebel-Lizorkin spaces lying between B^sp.q and ∪t〉s B^tp.q, and between F^sp.q and ∪t〉s F^tp.q, respectively.展开更多
Let E be a uniformly smooth Banach space, K be a nonempty closed convex subset of E, and suppose: T: K --> K is a continuous Phi-strongly pseudocontractive operator with a bounded range. Using a new analytical meth...Let E be a uniformly smooth Banach space, K be a nonempty closed convex subset of E, and suppose: T: K --> K is a continuous Phi-strongly pseudocontractive operator with a bounded range. Using a new analytical method, under general cases, the Ishikawa iterative process {x(n)} converges strongly to the unique fixed point x* of the operator T were proved. The paper generalizes and extends a lot of recent corresponding results.展开更多
A new system of general nonlinear variational inclusions is introduced and studied in Banach spaces. An iterative algorithm is developed and analyzed by use of the resolvent operator techniques to find the approximate...A new system of general nonlinear variational inclusions is introduced and studied in Banach spaces. An iterative algorithm is developed and analyzed by use of the resolvent operator techniques to find the approximate solutions of the system of general nonlinear variational inclusions involving different nonlinear operators in uniformly smooth Banach spaces.展开更多
With an inequality and some analysis techniques,iterative approximation of fixed points for uniformly continuous and strongly pseudocontractive mappings in smooth Banach spaces is studied,and the recent corresponding ...With an inequality and some analysis techniques,iterative approximation of fixed points for uniformly continuous and strongly pseudocontractive mappings in smooth Banach spaces is studied,and the recent corresponding results of Chidume are improved.展开更多
In this paper, we introduce and study a new system of generalized vari- ational inclusions involving H-η-monotone operators in uniformly smooth Banach spaces. Using the resolvent operator technique associated with H-...In this paper, we introduce and study a new system of generalized vari- ational inclusions involving H-η-monotone operators in uniformly smooth Banach spaces. Using the resolvent operator technique associated with H-η-monotone opera- tors, we prove the approximation solvability of solutions using an iterative algorithm. The results in this paper extend and improve some known results from the literature.展开更多
For the step-weight function , we prove that the Holder spaces ∧a,p on the interval [-1,1], defined in terms of moduli of smoothness with the step-weight function ,are linearly isomorphic to some sequence spaces, an...For the step-weight function , we prove that the Holder spaces ∧a,p on the interval [-1,1], defined in terms of moduli of smoothness with the step-weight function ,are linearly isomorphic to some sequence spaces, and the isomorphism is given by the cofficients of function with respect to a system of orthonormal splines with knots uniformly distributed according to the measure with density . In case ∧a,p is contained in the space of continuous functions, we give a discrete characterization of this space, using only values of function at the appropriate knots. Application of these results to characterize the order of polynomial approximation is presented.展开更多
A new concept of generalized set-valued strongly accretive mappings in Banach spaces was given and some strong convergence theorems of Ishikawa and Mann iterative process with errors approximation methods by Huang et ...A new concept of generalized set-valued strongly accretive mappings in Banach spaces was given and some strong convergence theorems of Ishikawa and Mann iterative process with errors approximation methods by Huang et al. was proved. The results presented in this paper improve and extend the earlier results obtained by Huang et al.展开更多
This paper deals with a new class of nonlinear set valued implicit variational inclusion problems involving (A, η)-monotone mappings in 2-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. Semi-inner product structure has been used t...This paper deals with a new class of nonlinear set valued implicit variational inclusion problems involving (A, η)-monotone mappings in 2-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. Semi-inner product structure has been used to study the (A, η)-monotonicity. Using the generalized resolvent operator technique and the semi-inner product structure, the approximation solvability of the proposed problem is investigated. An iterative algorithm is constructed to approximate the solution of the problem. Convergence analysis of the proposed algorithm is investigated. Similar results are also investigated for variational inclusion problems involving (H, η)-monotone mappings.展开更多
This paper first shows that for any p∈(1,2)there exists a continuously differentiable function f on l^(p)(and L^(p))such that the proximal subdifferential of f is empty everywhere,and hence it is not suitable to deve...This paper first shows that for any p∈(1,2)there exists a continuously differentiable function f on l^(p)(and L^(p))such that the proximal subdifferential of f is empty everywhere,and hence it is not suitable to develop theory on proximal subdifferential in the classical Banach spaces l^(P)and L^(P) with p∈(1,2).On the other hand,this paper establishes variational analysis based on the proximal subdifferential in the framework of smooth Banach spaces of power type 2,which conclude all Hilbert spaces and all the classical spaces l^(P)and L^(P)with p∈(2,+∞).In particular,in such a smooth space,we provide the proximal subdifferential rules for sum functions,product functions,composite functions and supremum functions,which extend the basic results on the proximal subdifferential established in the framework of Hilbert spaces.Some of our main results are new even in the Hilbert space case.As applications,we provide KKT-like conditions for nonsmooth optimization problems in terms of proximal subdifferential.展开更多
The stability of the Ishikawa iteration procedures was studied for one class of continuity strong pseudocontraction and continuity strongly accretive operators with bounded range in real uniformly smooth Banach space....The stability of the Ishikawa iteration procedures was studied for one class of continuity strong pseudocontraction and continuity strongly accretive operators with bounded range in real uniformly smooth Banach space. Under parameters satisfying certain conditions, the convergence of iterative sequences was proved. The results improve and extend the recent corresponding results, and supply the basis of theory for further discussing convergence of iteration procedures with errors.展开更多
The convergence of the Ishikawa iteration sequences with errors for constructing solutions of m-accretive operator equations is characterized. Moreover, the error estimates of approximate solutions for locally Lipschi...The convergence of the Ishikawa iteration sequences with errors for constructing solutions of m-accretive operator equations is characterized. Moreover, the error estimates of approximate solutions for locally Lipschitzian and m-accretive operator equations are established.展开更多
In the recent years,the so-called Morrey smoothness spaces attracted a lot of interest.They can(also)be understood as generalisations of the classical spaces A_(p,q)^(s)(R^(n))with A∈{B,F}in R^(n),where the parameter...In the recent years,the so-called Morrey smoothness spaces attracted a lot of interest.They can(also)be understood as generalisations of the classical spaces A_(p,q)^(s)(R^(n))with A∈{B,F}in R^(n),where the parameters satisfy s∈R(smoothness),0<p∞(integrability)and 0<q∞(summability).In the case of Morrey smoothness spaces,additional parameters are involved.In our opinion,among the various approaches at least two scales enjoy special attention,also in view of applications:the scales A_(p,q)^(s)(R^(n))with A∈{N,E}and u≥p,and A_(p,q)^(s),τ(R^(n))with A∈{B,F}andτ≥0.We reorganise these two prominent types of Morrey smoothness spaces by adding to(s,p,q)the so-called slope parameter e,preferably(but not exclusively)with-n e<0.It comes out that|e|replaces n,and min(|e|,1)replaces 1 in slopes of(broken)lines in the(1/p,s)-diagram characterising distinguished properties of the spaces A_(p,q)^(s)(R^(n))and their Morrey counterparts.Special attention will be paid to low-slope spaces with-1<e<0,where the corresponding properties are quite often independent of n∈N.Our aim is two-fold.On the one hand,we reformulate some assertions already available in the literature(many of which are quite recent).On the other hand,we establish on this basis new properties,a few of which become visible only in the context of the offered new approach,governed,now,by the four parameters(s,p,q,e).展开更多
In this paper, we investigate the Ishikawa iteration process in a p -uniformly smooth Banach space X . Motivated by Deng and Tan and Xu , we prove that the Ishikawa iteration process converges...In this paper, we investigate the Ishikawa iteration process in a p -uniformly smooth Banach space X . Motivated by Deng and Tan and Xu , we prove that the Ishikawa iteration process converges strongly to the unique solution of the equation Tx=f when T is a Lipschitzian and strongly accretive operator from X to X , or to the unique fixed point of T when T is a Lipschitzian and strictly pseudo contractive mapping from a bounded closed convex subset C of X into itself. Our results improve and extend Theorem 4.1 and 4.2 of Tan and Xu by removing the restrion lim n→∞β n=0 or lim n→∞α n= lim n→∞β n=0 in their theorems. These also extend Theorems 1 and 2 of Deng to the p -uniformly smooth Banach space setting.展开更多
文摘We develop a 3D bounded slice-surface grid (3D-BSSG) structure for representation and introduce the solution space smoothing technique to search for the optimal solution. Experiment results demonstrate that a 3D-BSSG structure based algorithm is very effective and efficient.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12271344)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1425800)。
文摘In this paper,we study some dentabilities in Banach spaces which are closely related to the famous Radon-Nikodym property.We introduce the concepts of the weak^(*)-weak denting point and the weak^(*)-weak^(*)denting point of a set.These are the generalizations of the weak^(*)denting point of a set in a dual Banach space.By use of the weak^(*)-weak denting point,we characterize the very smooth space,the point of weak^(*)-weak continuity,and the extreme point of a unit ball in a dual Banach space.Meanwhile,we also characterize an approximatively weak compact Chebyshev set in dual Banach spaces.Moreover,we define the nearly weak dentability in Banach spaces,which is a generalization of near dentability.We prove the necessary and sufficient conditions of the reflexivity by nearly weak dentability.We also obtain that nearly weak dentability is equivalent to both the approximatively weak compactness of Banach spaces and the w-strong proximinality of every closed convex subset of Banach spaces.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China(No.2005A132)
文摘Some strong convergence theorems of explicit composite iteration scheme for nonexpansive semi-groups in the framework of Banach spaces are established. Results presented in the paper not only extend and improve the corresponding results of ShiojiTakahashi, Suzuki, Xu and Aleyner-Reich, but also give a partially affirmative answer to the open questions raised by Suzuki and Xu.
文摘In this paper, we first introduce a new class of generalized accretive operators named (H,η)-accretive in Banach space. By studying the properties of (H,η)-accretive, we extend the concept of resolvent operators associated with m-accretive operators to the new (H,η)-accretive operators. In terms of the new resolvent operator technique, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions for this new system of variational inclusions. We also construct a new algorithm for approximating the solution of this system and discuss the convergence of the sequence of iterates generated by the algorithm.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Educational Dept.of Zhejiang Province(20020868).
文摘This paper studies the convergence of the sequence defined by x0 ∈ C, xn+l =αnu+(1-αn)Txn, n=0, 1,2,..., where 0 ≤αn ≤ 1, limn→∞ αn = 0, ∑n=0^∞ αn = ∞, and T is a nonexpansive mapping from a nonempty closed convex subset C of a Banach space X into itself. The iterative sequence {xn} converges strongly to a fixed point of T in the case when X is a uniformly convex Banach space with a uniformly Gateaux differentiable norm or a uniformly smooth Banach space only. The results presented in this paper extend and improve some recent results.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11601267)
文摘In this paper, the so-called(p,Ф)-Carleson measure is introduced and the rela-tionship between vector-valued martingales in the general Campanato spaces Lp,Ф(X) and the (p, Ф)-Carleson measures is investigated. Specifically, it is proved that for q ∈ [2, ∞), the measure d# :-=││ dfk││^qdP dm is a (q, Ф)-Carleson measure on Ω × N for every f ∈ Lq,Ф(X) if and only if X has an equivalent norm which is q-uniformly convex; while for p C (1, 2], the measure dμ :=││dfk││^pP dm is a (p, Ф)-Carleson measure on Ω ×N implies that f ∈ Lp,Ф(X) if and only if X admits an equivalent norm which is p-uniformly smooth. This result extends an earlier result in the literature from BMO spaces to general Campanato spaces.
文摘We introduce the notion of K-very smoothness which is a generalization of very smoothness in Banach spaces. A necessary and sufficient condition for a Banach space to be K-very smooth is obtained. We also consider some relations between K-very smoothness and other geometrical notions.
基金Supported by NSFC of China under Grant #10571084NSC in Taipei under Grant NSC 94-2115-M-008-009(for the second author)
文摘In this paper the classical Besov spaces B^sp.q and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces F^sp.q for s∈R are generalized in an isotropy way with the smoothness weights { |2j|^α→ln }7=0. These generalized Besov spaces and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces, denoted by B^α→p.q and F^α→p.q for α^→ E Nk and k ∈N, respectively, keep many interesting properties, such as embedding theorems (with scales property for all smoothness weights), lifting properties for all parameters 5, and duality for index 0 〈 p 〈∞ By constructing an example, it is shown that there are infinitely many generalized Besov spaces and generalized Triebel-Lizorkin spaces lying between B^sp.q and ∪t〉s B^tp.q, and between F^sp.q and ∪t〉s F^tp.q, respectively.
文摘Let E be a uniformly smooth Banach space, K be a nonempty closed convex subset of E, and suppose: T: K --> K is a continuous Phi-strongly pseudocontractive operator with a bounded range. Using a new analytical method, under general cases, the Ishikawa iterative process {x(n)} converges strongly to the unique fixed point x* of the operator T were proved. The paper generalizes and extends a lot of recent corresponding results.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Normal University(No.11ZDL01)the Sichuan Province Leading Academic Discipline Project(No.SZD0406)
文摘A new system of general nonlinear variational inclusions is introduced and studied in Banach spaces. An iterative algorithm is developed and analyzed by use of the resolvent operator techniques to find the approximate solutions of the system of general nonlinear variational inclusions involving different nonlinear operators in uniformly smooth Banach spaces.
文摘With an inequality and some analysis techniques,iterative approximation of fixed points for uniformly continuous and strongly pseudocontractive mappings in smooth Banach spaces is studied,and the recent corresponding results of Chidume are improved.
基金The NSF(60804065)of Chinathe Foundation(11A028)of China West Normal University
文摘In this paper, we introduce and study a new system of generalized vari- ational inclusions involving H-η-monotone operators in uniformly smooth Banach spaces. Using the resolvent operator technique associated with H-η-monotone opera- tors, we prove the approximation solvability of solutions using an iterative algorithm. The results in this paper extend and improve some known results from the literature.
文摘For the step-weight function , we prove that the Holder spaces ∧a,p on the interval [-1,1], defined in terms of moduli of smoothness with the step-weight function ,are linearly isomorphic to some sequence spaces, and the isomorphism is given by the cofficients of function with respect to a system of orthonormal splines with knots uniformly distributed according to the measure with density . In case ∧a,p is contained in the space of continuous functions, we give a discrete characterization of this space, using only values of function at the appropriate knots. Application of these results to characterize the order of polynomial approximation is presented.
基金The foundation project of Chengdu University of Information Technology (No.CRF200502)
文摘A new concept of generalized set-valued strongly accretive mappings in Banach spaces was given and some strong convergence theorems of Ishikawa and Mann iterative process with errors approximation methods by Huang et al. was proved. The results presented in this paper improve and extend the earlier results obtained by Huang et al.
文摘This paper deals with a new class of nonlinear set valued implicit variational inclusion problems involving (A, η)-monotone mappings in 2-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. Semi-inner product structure has been used to study the (A, η)-monotonicity. Using the generalized resolvent operator technique and the semi-inner product structure, the approximation solvability of the proposed problem is investigated. An iterative algorithm is constructed to approximate the solution of the problem. Convergence analysis of the proposed algorithm is investigated. Similar results are also investigated for variational inclusion problems involving (H, η)-monotone mappings.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of P.R.China(Grant No.12171419)。
文摘This paper first shows that for any p∈(1,2)there exists a continuously differentiable function f on l^(p)(and L^(p))such that the proximal subdifferential of f is empty everywhere,and hence it is not suitable to develop theory on proximal subdifferential in the classical Banach spaces l^(P)and L^(P) with p∈(1,2).On the other hand,this paper establishes variational analysis based on the proximal subdifferential in the framework of smooth Banach spaces of power type 2,which conclude all Hilbert spaces and all the classical spaces l^(P)and L^(P)with p∈(2,+∞).In particular,in such a smooth space,we provide the proximal subdifferential rules for sum functions,product functions,composite functions and supremum functions,which extend the basic results on the proximal subdifferential established in the framework of Hilbert spaces.Some of our main results are new even in the Hilbert space case.As applications,we provide KKT-like conditions for nonsmooth optimization problems in terms of proximal subdifferential.
文摘The stability of the Ishikawa iteration procedures was studied for one class of continuity strong pseudocontraction and continuity strongly accretive operators with bounded range in real uniformly smooth Banach space. Under parameters satisfying certain conditions, the convergence of iterative sequences was proved. The results improve and extend the recent corresponding results, and supply the basis of theory for further discussing convergence of iteration procedures with errors.
文摘The convergence of the Ishikawa iteration sequences with errors for constructing solutions of m-accretive operator equations is characterized. Moreover, the error estimates of approximate solutions for locally Lipschitzian and m-accretive operator equations are established.
基金supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) (Grant No.Ha2794/8-1)。
文摘In the recent years,the so-called Morrey smoothness spaces attracted a lot of interest.They can(also)be understood as generalisations of the classical spaces A_(p,q)^(s)(R^(n))with A∈{B,F}in R^(n),where the parameters satisfy s∈R(smoothness),0<p∞(integrability)and 0<q∞(summability).In the case of Morrey smoothness spaces,additional parameters are involved.In our opinion,among the various approaches at least two scales enjoy special attention,also in view of applications:the scales A_(p,q)^(s)(R^(n))with A∈{N,E}and u≥p,and A_(p,q)^(s),τ(R^(n))with A∈{B,F}andτ≥0.We reorganise these two prominent types of Morrey smoothness spaces by adding to(s,p,q)the so-called slope parameter e,preferably(but not exclusively)with-n e<0.It comes out that|e|replaces n,and min(|e|,1)replaces 1 in slopes of(broken)lines in the(1/p,s)-diagram characterising distinguished properties of the spaces A_(p,q)^(s)(R^(n))and their Morrey counterparts.Special attention will be paid to low-slope spaces with-1<e<0,where the corresponding properties are quite often independent of n∈N.Our aim is two-fold.On the one hand,we reformulate some assertions already available in the literature(many of which are quite recent).On the other hand,we establish on this basis new properties,a few of which become visible only in the context of the offered new approach,governed,now,by the four parameters(s,p,q,e).
文摘In this paper, we investigate the Ishikawa iteration process in a p -uniformly smooth Banach space X . Motivated by Deng and Tan and Xu , we prove that the Ishikawa iteration process converges strongly to the unique solution of the equation Tx=f when T is a Lipschitzian and strongly accretive operator from X to X , or to the unique fixed point of T when T is a Lipschitzian and strictly pseudo contractive mapping from a bounded closed convex subset C of X into itself. Our results improve and extend Theorem 4.1 and 4.2 of Tan and Xu by removing the restrion lim n→∞β n=0 or lim n→∞α n= lim n→∞β n=0 in their theorems. These also extend Theorems 1 and 2 of Deng to the p -uniformly smooth Banach space setting.