Spatiotemporal Differentiation of Urban Spatial Form and Carbon Emissions in Poyang Lake City Group

In response to the inherent requirements of low-carbon land spatial planning in Jiangxi Province and the lack of existing research,this paper explored the mechanism of spatial form elements of Poyang Lake urban agglomeration on urban carbon emissions.Based on generalized linear regression and geographically weighted regression models,this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of carbon emissions,the spatiotemporal relationship between urban form index and carbon emissions,and the spatial differentiation of the intensity of dominant factors from 63 county-level administrative units in the Poyang Lake city group from 2005 to 2020.The results showed that:①The carbon emissions of urban agglomerations around Poyang Lake are generally increasing,and the spatial distribution of carbon emissions is characterized by high-value concentration in the middle and low-value agglomeration in pieces;②The main driving factor for the spatial heterogeneity of carbon emissions was the expansion of built-up area;③Improving urban compactness and optimizing urban form could effectively reduce urban carbon emissions.The results showcased the correlation between urban spatial landscape pattern and the spatiotemporal distribution of carbon emissions,which could make the low-carbon land spatial planning in the Poyang Lake city group more reasonable and practical.

Interpretation of the Spatial Form of Chengdu Plain's Traditional Towns from the Vernacular Perspective

In recent years,with the rapid development of urbanization in our country,academic circles have paid more attentions to and made fruitful achievements on the research of vernacular settlement. On this basis,this paper took Chengdu Plain's traditional town spatial morphology as the research object to interpret its spatial form through its composition elements and characteristics which are influenced by nature,history,culture and other factors. And then,it took Jiezi ancient town as an example to analyze the renewal of its spatial form so as to inherit the vernacular culture and promote the conservation of cultural heritage and sustainable development of traditional town in the course of constructing urban cities with Chinese characteristics.

Urban Spatial Form Optimization Strategies Based on the Principle of Climate Adaptability of Regional Architecture: A Case Study of Traditional Cave Dwelling Villages in Northern Shaanxi Province

A multitude of climate-adaptive design approaches are embedded in regional architecture,which have a positive impact on addressing the deformed development of urban spatial patterns and the dual challenges of climate and resources.This paper examines the principles of climate adaptability embedded in the site layout and spatial organization characteristics of traditional cave dwelling villages in northern Shaanxi Province.The extracted climate adaptability principles are summarized,and the resulting design strategies that are well-suited to the contemporary urban space form are presented.Through analysis,it can be observed that traditional cave dwelling villages in northern Shaanxi are predominantly situated on south-facing slopes in proximity to water at low altitudes.These villages are characterized by compact building groups and east-west development,which is constrained by the elements of mountains and rivers.A two-level street system is generated,comprising streets parallel to the contour line and roadways perpendicular to the contour line.This results in the formation of a courtyard form enclosed by mountains.Such site layout and spatial organization exhibit excellent climate adaptability with regard to heat,ventilation,and wind storage.In light of the aforementioned considerations,the following urban spatial form design strategies are put forth:①the topographic height difference can be exploited to obtain sufficient sunshine;②the group shape can be optimized in order to reduce building energy consumption;③the best orientation of the building can be chosen to take account of both winter and summer conditions;④the height and length can be combined in order to form natural masking;⑤the D/H ratio of streets and roadways should be controlled to achieve a balance between heat gain and cooling of groups;⑥vents should be set appropriately to optimize group ventilation;⑦climate buffers should be established to increase the level of climate response.

A research into the large-scaled spatial forms of cities based on urban design

In the process of unprecedented urbanization in contemporary China, a great many of Chinese cities have witnessed a rapid expansion of urban scale to different degrees. With the continuous compilation, amendment and enforcement of urban planning, the functional structure, spatial environment, street patterns and textures and even the social aspect of cities have changed conspicuously, all of which have directly happened to the spatial forms of the dimension, or even the multi-dimension of a certain city. By describing and analyzing the structure, evolution and explicit tokens of the spatial forms of cities, this thesis attempts to set up a model of factors that affect urban forms, as well as discuss the attributes, protection, adjustment and development-potential of urban land closely associated with forms. In addition, on the basis of the professional features for urban design to participate in the modeling and construction-management of desirable spatial forms of cities, the author has put forward technical measures for quantitatively appraising and analyzing the large-scaled spatial forms of cities, thus offering technical support to municipal governments and management departments of planned construction.

Temporal-spatial distribution and ore-forming material source of gold,copper and silver polymetallic ore deposits in the Fuping mantle structure zone

This study was conducted following research on metallogenesis in the Zhangjiajie-Xuanhua and East Hebei mantle branch structure zones. The Fuping mantle branch structure zone is one where Au, Cu and Ag poly-metallic ore resources are concentrated in North Hebei. However, there has existed a long-standing controversy on the temporal-spatial distribution of ore resources and their ore-forming material sources. In terms of age dating and the comprehensive analysis of S, Pb, O, C and Si isotopes, it is considered that the temporal-spatial distribution of ore resources in this mantle branch structure zone is obviously controlled by the Fuping mantle branch structure. In space there is developed such a metallogenic pattern as to be Ag, Pb and Zn polymetallic ore deposits with gold appearing inside and copper appearing outside. Metallogenesis is dated mainly at Yanshanian, the ore-forming materials were derived predominantly from the deep interior of the Earth, and ore-forming fluids were derived largely from Yanshanian magmatism.

Spatial data mining system for ore-forming prediction

The authors designed the spatial data mining system for ore-forming prediction based on the theory and methods of data mining as well as the technique of spatial database,in combination with the characteristics of geological information data.The system consists of data management,data mining and knowledge discovery,knowledge representation.It can syncretize multi-source geosciences data effectively,such as geology,geochemistry,geophysics,RS.The system digitized geological information data as data layer files which consist of the two numerical values,to store these files in the system database.According to the combination of the characters of geological information,metallogenic prognosis was realized,as an example from some area in Heilongjiang Province.The prospect area of hydrothermal copper deposit was determined.

新质生产力空间形态刍论

新质生产力的空间形态是影响“因地制宜发展新质生产力”的重要理论问题。围绕这一问题,从新质生产力与中国式现代化的关系出发,对新质生产力的空间形态进行了探索,“新质生产力首先必然是国家生产力”的观点得以提出并对其论述,并指出区域层面的新质生产力发展必须服从于这一观点,才能在新质生产力时代赢得新的发展机遇;在此基础上,提出了兼顾新质生产力引领发展、统筹发展和重塑格局的综合功能,兼顾新质生产力的国家属性、人类属性和未来属性等对策建议。

宗族结构影响下晋东南传统聚落空间形态及发展演变--以西社村为例

平顺县西社村作为晋东南地区典型的宗族血缘型村落,其形态受宗族结构影响,格局独特。文章从宗族结构的视角出发,借助族谱、碑刻等文字史料信息,结合田野调查与类型比较等方法,对宗族社会结构的变迁过程与聚落空间形态发展演变过程进行历时性分析,归纳宗族发展对空间形态演变的影响,结合宗族结构影响下聚落的两个空间特征,探究其空间形态及发展演变规律。

露天矿顺倾软岩边坡内排追踪压帮治理工程——以贺斯格乌拉南露天煤矿首采区南帮为例

软岩露天煤矿实现安全高效开采的重点是边坡稳定。为解决露天矿顺倾软岩边坡稳定性治理难题,在分析边坡稳定性主控因素的基础上,提出了露天矿顺倾软岩边坡内排追踪压帮治理工程。以贺斯格乌拉南露天煤矿首采区南帮为工程背景,兼顾采场与内排土场边坡稳定性,采用极限平衡法和数值模拟相结合的手段,设计了采场边坡的空间形态,提出了采场与内排土场边坡协同治理方案,可最大限度地安全回收边坡压覆煤炭资源。研究结果表明:弱层暴露长度是露天矿顺倾软岩边坡稳定性的主控因素,控制采场与内排土场间的追踪距离是改善边坡稳定性的有效途径;随着追踪距离的增加,边坡破坏模式从以圆弧为侧界面、弱层为底界面的切层-顺层-剪出滑动逐渐过渡为以圆弧为侧界面、弱层为底界面的切层-顺层滑动,边坡稳定性逐渐下降;内排土场及其与采场构成的复合边坡稳定性随破坏底板弱层回填岩石范围的增大呈指数函数规律提高;贺斯格乌拉南露天煤矿首采区南帮浅部边坡留设40 m运输平盘、15 m保安平盘,底帮深部边坡角29°,追踪距离控制在50 m之内时可满足安全要求;内排土场基底弱层完全破坏并回填岩石倾向长度60 m时可满足安全要求。研究成果为软岩露天煤矿边坡稳定性治理提供了新思路。

地铁入口空间布局对室内空气质量的影响研究

城市地铁地处繁华地区,结构封闭,周边环境污染源较多,室内易积累污染物。本研究重点关注地铁口空间布局对室外颗粒物进入的影响,在调研中选取地铁站入口方向、顶棚形态、入口高宽比3个形态指标作为影响因子,经过实测验证CFD模型的可行性后,选择RNG k-ε模型模拟不同风速下各地铁口形态的室内污染情况。结果表明:(1)侧向比正向入口颗粒拦截率高一倍;(2)入口高宽比小于1∶1时入口宽度越大,地铁站整体空气质量越好;(3)顶棚形态对室内颗粒物的消减排列为:斜顶>平顶>无顶;(4)地铁口空间形态对不同直径的颗粒拦截效果不同。形态设计可以改善站内颗粒物进入情况,通过空气对流、回流减少室外污染物的直接灌入。

成都人民公园空间的层积分析及变迁动因研究

成都人民公园是中国重要的近现代城市公园遗产之一,是见证城市发展与公共需求变化的重要城市历史公园,具有不可忽视的城市历史景观遗产价值。采用历史层积分析对成都人民公园发展脉络进行梳理,将其空间历史变迁分为普通游园初创、传统公园转型、现代公园建设、现代公园完善和公园城市营造5个时期,整理各时期形态与功能变迁,探寻其变迁的内在动力。将公园的层积关系分为反复、重建、共存和成长4种主要模式,探索公园建设的层积变化:基于自然条件,综合历史事件、治园观念、文化活动和人群变化等因素,公园空间形态由封闭、单一和无序转向开放、多元和有序,承担职能从功能杂乱的小游园转化为集休闲、文化、健身和爱国教育为一体的综合性园林。分析成都人民公园空间的历史变迁动因与机制,能够为中国近现代城市公园遗产保护与发展补充实证,为当代城市公园文脉与底蕴的探寻提供参考。

基于人群动态视觉关注度的城市滨水界面形态评价与分析模型构建——以南京青奥片区为例

【目的】滨水城市空间因独特的地理区位优势及形态特征,成为彰显城市特色风貌、品质及美好人居环境的重要空间载体之一。滨水界面是滨水空间塑造的重要核心对象,尤其在存量更新背景下,贴近人群视觉关注方式的动态视觉评价有助于从公众视觉需求角度厘清公众对滨水空间及滨水界面的品质诉求。【方法】以南京河西滨江青奥片区为例,借助倾斜摄影测量、实景数据影像采集、城市滨水界面形态分析、眼动仪生理眼动指标监测等技术方法,建构“关注度-界面”的关联机制,厘清不同运动方式下游览者的视觉关注特征与滨水界面形态各项指标的相关性与影响程度。【结果】发现滨水空间游览者的视觉关注度受建筑占空度、界面层次数量、轮廓起伏频率与轮廓起伏频度的正向影响;在不同运动方式下“关注度-界面”的指标关联情况各异。【结论】完成对城市滨水界面形态与人群动态视觉关注度关联机制的建构,可强化城市滨水界面对人群的有序引导,并为相关空间布局和规划决策提供有力支撑。

论空间转向:关于空间形式、空间批评与地理批评的概述

空间形式几乎是所有时代和所有文化共有的文学经验与文学阐释的重要方面。空间首先是一个物理的观念,极早成为欧几里得几何学的基本内容。欧洲物理学、哲学、形而上学关于空间及其属性的争论持续了2000多年。空间、地理空间、社会空间、空间形式、空间批评、空间转向是一组相互关联的人文观念。1945年约瑟夫·弗兰克提出了现代文学中的空间形式。空间批评发生于1950-1980年代,巴什拉尔、勒菲弗尔、福柯、詹明信、曼德尔、哈维等从人文地理学、马克思主义、文化批评理论等角度越来越多地关注了空间理论。“空间转向”发生于1990年前后。21世纪初期,其革新的学者范式及其方法迅速从人文地理学扩展/散播到哲学、文学、艺术研究诸领域。

宗族结构影响下少数民族传统村落空间形态演变研究——以高桥寨自然村为例

文章以西南少数民族地区的高桥寨自然村为例,采用田野调查法和历时性比较法,将村庄的演变历史依据重要的历史时间节点分为五个时期:分衍、兴盛、异化、瓦解和重构。分别从时代背景、宗族结构和空间形态三个方向进行分析,以探究村庄演变的逻辑规律和影响因素,以及宗族结构与空间形态之间的相互影响关系,挖掘该类型自然村目前的发展困境,提出现代化村庄内生秩序架构和区域联动发展的策略。

基于空间句法的历史文化街区空间形态优化研究——以阳谷县狮子楼景区为例

狮子楼作为我国文学名著中的知名景点,有着浓厚的文化底蕴。随着城市发展和更新,如何改善历史街区内空间形态成为新时代研究的重要课题。文章通过绘制狮子楼历史街区轴线图,带入Depthmap空间句法软件中对其整合度和选择度进行分析,针对现有历史街区存在的问题,并结合获取的商业POI数据,对街区提出相应的更新策略和建议,为历史街区的更新提供更加科学的依据和思路。

论新质生产力与“三生”空间融合——二论新质生产力空间形态

新质生产力空间形态问题事关“因地制宜发展新质生产力”。本文从新质生产力的扩散性、渗透性、持续性三个属性出发,对新质生产力赋能“三生”空间的历史必然性、人本逻辑性、架构突破性和共同体属性进行了论述,总的结论是:新质生产力赋能“三生”空间的问题,归根结底是依托新质生产力共筑人与自然命运共同体的问题,只有立足于这个愿景,才能让新质生产力与空间发展更好地结合起来,为中国发展形成新模式、实现新引领、塑造新形态、达到新目标提供最为强大的动力。

基于特定设计条件分析的空间赋形思维模型构建

通过讨论“造形问题”在建筑设计中的关键作用,认为设计工作的核心是以空间赋形的方式综合处理各种分支问题,教学内容只有当其直接或间接地与这一过程相关,才具有意义。随后以“环境”和“功能”为主要线索,尝试构建空间赋形的思维模型。结合建筑学二年级的幼儿园课程设计内容,通过教案编排使教学内容与思维模型匹配,达到有效训练“群落式”建筑空间赋形的目的,进而培养学生在建筑入门阶段具备将建筑形态与具体问题结合,在不同因素中获得主导权的设计能力。

晋西传统聚落的空间格局——以高阳村为例

传统聚落是物质文化遗产与非物质文化遗产的结合体,是古村落千百年来历史的见证者,其保留至今的村落空间格局为研究聚落的发展奠定了基础。文章对晋西传统聚落的空间格局展开深入分析,以高阳村为例,从选址格局、村落格局、空间形态分析三方面进行研究,总结得到高阳村的空间格局内在发展规律,挖掘古村落的空间文化价值,为晋西传统聚落的保护与发展提供新的依据,同时也为历史文化遗产的深入研究开辟新的途径和方法。