We examined the scale impacts on spatial hot and cold spots of CPUE for Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The original fishery data were tessellated to 18 spatial scales from 5′×5′ to 90′&...We examined the scale impacts on spatial hot and cold spots of CPUE for Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The original fishery data were tessellated to 18 spatial scales from 5′×5′ to 90′×90′ with a scale interval of 5′ to identify the local clusters. The changes in location, boundaries, and statistics regarding the Getis-Ord Gi＊ hot and cold spots in response to the spatial scales were analyzed in detail. Several statistics including Min, mean, Max, SD, CV, skewness, kurtosis, first quartile（Q1）, median, third quartile（Q3）, area and centroid were calculated for spatial hot and cold spots. Scaling impacts were examined for the selected statistics using linear, logarithmic, exponential, power law and polynomial functions. Clear scaling relations were identified for Max, SD and kurtosis for both hot and cold spots. For the remaining statistics, either a difference of scale impacts was found between the two clusters, or no clear scaling relation was identified. Spatial scales coarser than 30′ are not recommended to identify the local spatial patterns of fisheries because the boundary and locations of hot and cold spots at a coarser scale are significantly different from those at the original scale.展开更多
Distributed optical fiber sensors have been widely used to monitor temperature, strain, vibration, and so on. Specifically, the sensors based on Brillouin scattering have been studied extensively to measure the strain...Distributed optical fiber sensors have been widely used to monitor temperature, strain, vibration, and so on. Specifically, the sensors based on Brillouin scattering have been studied extensively to measure the strain or temperature along an oDtical fiber.展开更多
As an important facilitator in e-government and society in general,Open SDI merits an assessment of its characteristics and the monitoring of its development.The aim of the study was the proposal of the SDI openness a...As an important facilitator in e-government and society in general,Open SDI merits an assessment of its characteristics and the monitoring of its development.The aim of the study was the proposal of the SDI openness assessment approach based on existing openness assessment frameworks,as well as the presentation of the Polish Spatial Data Infrastructure(PSDI)development towards openness.The results indicated that ten geodetic and cartographic databases fulfilled ten out of eleven criteria of data openness,according to the methodological assumptions,and reached a 3-star level of openness.The need for further development of the infrastructure towards sharing public administration data is recognized,as well as non-governmental data that meet the open data criteria,thus contributing to the openness of the SDI.The proposed assessment method,referenced to a five-level data openness system and providing clear scoring benchmarking for assessing SDI openness,may be used for comparative analysis of SDI openness in different countries,including EU Member States that draw on the experience of the implementation of the INSPIRE Directive.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41406146the Open Fund from Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes at Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology of China under contract No.2017-1A02Shanghai Universities First-class Disciplines Project-Fisheries(A)
文摘We examined the scale impacts on spatial hot and cold spots of CPUE for Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The original fishery data were tessellated to 18 spatial scales from 5′×5′ to 90′×90′ with a scale interval of 5′ to identify the local clusters. The changes in location, boundaries, and statistics regarding the Getis-Ord Gi＊ hot and cold spots in response to the spatial scales were analyzed in detail. Several statistics including Min, mean, Max, SD, CV, skewness, kurtosis, first quartile（Q1）, median, third quartile（Q3）, area and centroid were calculated for spatial hot and cold spots. Scaling impacts were examined for the selected statistics using linear, logarithmic, exponential, power law and polynomial functions. Clear scaling relations were identified for Max, SD and kurtosis for both hot and cold spots. For the remaining statistics, either a difference of scale impacts was found between the two clusters, or no clear scaling relation was identified. Spatial scales coarser than 30′ are not recommended to identify the local spatial patterns of fisheries because the boundary and locations of hot and cold spots at a coarser scale are significantly different from those at the original scale.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61377089 and 61527819)the International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(No.2014DFA50870)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi(Nos.2015011049 and201601D021069)
文摘Distributed optical fiber sensors have been widely used to monitor temperature, strain, vibration, and so on. Specifically, the sensors based on Brillouin scattering have been studied extensively to measure the strain or temperature along an oDtical fiber.
基金supported by a statutory grant from the Military University of Technology,no.UGB 502-4000-22-871.
文摘As an important facilitator in e-government and society in general,Open SDI merits an assessment of its characteristics and the monitoring of its development.The aim of the study was the proposal of the SDI openness assessment approach based on existing openness assessment frameworks,as well as the presentation of the Polish Spatial Data Infrastructure(PSDI)development towards openness.The results indicated that ten geodetic and cartographic databases fulfilled ten out of eleven criteria of data openness,according to the methodological assumptions,and reached a 3-star level of openness.The need for further development of the infrastructure towards sharing public administration data is recognized,as well as non-governmental data that meet the open data criteria,thus contributing to the openness of the SDI.The proposed assessment method,referenced to a five-level data openness system and providing clear scoring benchmarking for assessing SDI openness,may be used for comparative analysis of SDI openness in different countries,including EU Member States that draw on the experience of the implementation of the INSPIRE Directive.
