In this study, we investigated the natural growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forest in Moso Bay, southwest of Gurbantunggut Desert. Random sample analysis was used to analyze the spatial point pattern performance of Hal...In this study, we investigated the natural growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forest in Moso Bay, southwest of Gurbantunggut Desert. Random sample analysis was used to analyze the spatial point pattern performance of Haloxylon ammodendron population. ArcGIS software was used to summarize and analyze the spatial point pattern response of Haloxylon ammodendron population. The results showed that: 1) There were significant differences in the performance of point pattern analysis among different random quadrants. The paired t-test for variance mean ratio showed that the P values were 0.048, 0.004 and 0.301 respectively, indicating that the influence of quadrat shape on the performance of point pattern analysis was significant under the condition of the same optimal quadrat area. 2) The comparative analysis of square shapes shows that circular square is the best, square and regular hexagonal square are the second, and there is no significant difference between square and regular hexagonal square. 3) The number of samples plays a decisive role in spatial point pattern analysis. Insufficient sample size will lead to unstable results. With the increase of the number of samples to more than 120, the V value and P value curves will eventually stabilize. That is, stable spatial point pattern analysis results are closely related to the increase of the number of samples in random sample square analysis.展开更多
This article elaborated the characteristics of settlement shape in detail with examples. Aiming at the negative effects on settlement shape by construction, we put forward some measures, such as respect for ecological...This article elaborated the characteristics of settlement shape in detail with examples. Aiming at the negative effects on settlement shape by construction, we put forward some measures, such as respect for ecological environment, selection mode of space development, protection of historical features, and excavation of culture connotation, so as to realize the protection of settlement shape.展开更多
In allusion to the deficient feature of product information in conceptualdesign, a framework of deficient information modeling for conceptual shape design is put forward,which includes qualitative shape modeling (a qu...In allusion to the deficient feature of product information in conceptualdesign, a framework of deficient information modeling for conceptual shape design is put forward,which includes qualitative shape modeling (a qualitative solid model), uncertain shape modeling (anuncertain relation model) and imprecise shape modeling (an imprecise region model). In theframework, the qualitative solid model is the core, which represents qualitatively (using symbols)the conceptual shapes of mechanical products. The uncertain relation model regarding domainrelations as objects and the imprecise region model regarding domains as objects are used to dealwith the uncertain and imprecise issues respectively, which arise from qualitative shape modeling orexist in product information itself.展开更多
Today global warming has become one of the most important concerns of environmental science. The redundancy of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is known as a major factor in this phenomenon. These gases contain wate...Today global warming has become one of the most important concerns of environmental science. The redundancy of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is known as a major factor in this phenomenon. These gases contain water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. The CO2?gas is one of their most effective among these gases. According to scientific warnings, the amount of CO2?gases in the atmosphere has increased by 40% to 45% over the last 50 years. Reducing the abundant gas in the atmosphere requires a good knowledge of related factors involved, including sources that emit gases into the atmosphere and sinks that absorb the gas from the atmosphere. The amount of CO2?gas in the atmosphere has been accurately measured in previous years with great certainty. But the predicted values of emissions from sources and removals by sinks have large ambiguities. As studies show, even the computed residuals trends (which is obtained by subtracting the amounts of sinks from sources) strongly disagree with the trends of the existence of CO2?in the atmosphere. This study as a preliminary review, proposes a method to identify the locations of sources and sinks of carbon dioxide using global statistical information and adding spatial analysis approaches. By applying this method to the data observed from 2000 to 2011 and the extraction of likely sources and sinks, the region of the Black Sea, near Romania recognized as one of the strong points issued and Bukit Kototabang near Indonesia acknowledged as an Impressive CO2?absorption zone.展开更多
A new concept of characteristic scanning radial (CSR) is proposed for thesegmented image on the basis of two shape-specific points of its shape-objects. Subsequently, twocharacteristic attribute sequences (CAS) of rel...A new concept of characteristic scanning radial (CSR) is proposed for thesegmented image on the basis of two shape-specific points of its shape-objects. Subsequently, twocharacteristic attribute sequences (CAS) of relative distance and relative direction are derived torepresent the spatial orientation relationships among objects of the image. A novel image retrievalalgorithm is presented using these two CASs. The proposed retrieval approach not only satisfies thetransformational invariance, butalso attains the quantitative comparison of matching. Experimentsidentify the effectiveness and efficiency of the algorithm adequately.展开更多
文摘In this study, we investigated the natural growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forest in Moso Bay, southwest of Gurbantunggut Desert. Random sample analysis was used to analyze the spatial point pattern performance of Haloxylon ammodendron population. ArcGIS software was used to summarize and analyze the spatial point pattern response of Haloxylon ammodendron population. The results showed that: 1) There were significant differences in the performance of point pattern analysis among different random quadrants. The paired t-test for variance mean ratio showed that the P values were 0.048, 0.004 and 0.301 respectively, indicating that the influence of quadrat shape on the performance of point pattern analysis was significant under the condition of the same optimal quadrat area. 2) The comparative analysis of square shapes shows that circular square is the best, square and regular hexagonal square are the second, and there is no significant difference between square and regular hexagonal square. 3) The number of samples plays a decisive role in spatial point pattern analysis. Insufficient sample size will lead to unstable results. With the increase of the number of samples to more than 120, the V value and P value curves will eventually stabilize. That is, stable spatial point pattern analysis results are closely related to the increase of the number of samples in random sample square analysis.
基金Supported by the 11th 5-year Scientific Supporting Project Fund of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2006BAJ01A12-06)the 11th 5-years Planning Philosophy and Social Science Project of Sichuan Province(SC06B014)~~
文摘This article elaborated the characteristics of settlement shape in detail with examples. Aiming at the negative effects on settlement shape by construction, we put forward some measures, such as respect for ecological environment, selection mode of space development, protection of historical features, and excavation of culture connotation, so as to realize the protection of settlement shape.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.59990470)
文摘In allusion to the deficient feature of product information in conceptualdesign, a framework of deficient information modeling for conceptual shape design is put forward,which includes qualitative shape modeling (a qualitative solid model), uncertain shape modeling (anuncertain relation model) and imprecise shape modeling (an imprecise region model). In theframework, the qualitative solid model is the core, which represents qualitatively (using symbols)the conceptual shapes of mechanical products. The uncertain relation model regarding domainrelations as objects and the imprecise region model regarding domains as objects are used to dealwith the uncertain and imprecise issues respectively, which arise from qualitative shape modeling orexist in product information itself.
文摘Today global warming has become one of the most important concerns of environmental science. The redundancy of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is known as a major factor in this phenomenon. These gases contain water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. The CO2?gas is one of their most effective among these gases. According to scientific warnings, the amount of CO2?gases in the atmosphere has increased by 40% to 45% over the last 50 years. Reducing the abundant gas in the atmosphere requires a good knowledge of related factors involved, including sources that emit gases into the atmosphere and sinks that absorb the gas from the atmosphere. The amount of CO2?gas in the atmosphere has been accurately measured in previous years with great certainty. But the predicted values of emissions from sources and removals by sinks have large ambiguities. As studies show, even the computed residuals trends (which is obtained by subtracting the amounts of sinks from sources) strongly disagree with the trends of the existence of CO2?in the atmosphere. This study as a preliminary review, proposes a method to identify the locations of sources and sinks of carbon dioxide using global statistical information and adding spatial analysis approaches. By applying this method to the data observed from 2000 to 2011 and the extraction of likely sources and sinks, the region of the Black Sea, near Romania recognized as one of the strong points issued and Bukit Kototabang near Indonesia acknowledged as an Impressive CO2?absorption zone.
文摘A new concept of characteristic scanning radial (CSR) is proposed for thesegmented image on the basis of two shape-specific points of its shape-objects. Subsequently, twocharacteristic attribute sequences (CAS) of relative distance and relative direction are derived torepresent the spatial orientation relationships among objects of the image. A novel image retrievalalgorithm is presented using these two CASs. The proposed retrieval approach not only satisfies thetransformational invariance, butalso attains the quantitative comparison of matching. Experimentsidentify the effectiveness and efficiency of the algorithm adequately.
