Stability of Spatial Structure of Urban Agglomeration in China Based on Central Place Theory

This paper brings forward the concept of stability of the spatial structure of urban agglomeration(UA)based on Central Place Theory by introducing centrality index and fractal theory.Before assessment,K=4 is selected as parameter to calculate centrality index and fractal dimension(K represents the quantitive relationship between city and the counties in Central Place Theory),and then found the number of nodes,the type of spatial structure,the spatial al-location of nodes with different hierarchy affecting the stability of spatial structure.According to spatial contact direction and the level of stability,UAs in China are classified into five types.Finally,it is posed as a further question that how to use hierarchical relation K=6 and K=7 in central place system to coordinate with the assessment of stability of spatial structure is brought forward.

Eco-spatial Structure of Urban Agglomeration

In terms of ecological theory, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the mutualism and co- evolutionary mechanism between the eco-spatial structure and socio-economic development of the urban agglomeration, and maps out optimized modes of the eco-spatial structure of the urban agglomeration. The analysis is a case study of the urban agglomeration on different levels of global, national, provincial and local scales, on the basis of those conclusions are drawn: 1) Within the scope of the urban agglomeration, the cities should be reasonably sized and appropriately densified; the spatial combination of the urban agglomeration ought to be orderly, and its eco-spatial structure ought to be optimized and efficient; the relationship between the economic society and eco-spatial environment ought to be that of mutual benefit and co-evolution. 2) “The mode of corridor group network” is a certain trend evoked from the spatial structure of urban agglomeration. 3) The eco-spatial structure of urban agglomeration under “the mode of corridor group network” can further increase the environmental capacity of urban agglomeration, and is in favor of the harmonious relationship between man and nature.

Spatial Structure of Central Places in Jilin Central Urban Agglomeration, Jilin Province, China

Using the radius of gyration from fractal theory, this paper describes the calculation of fractal dimensions for the four tiers of central places in the Jilin Central Urban Agglomeration(JCUA), Jilin Province, China and the structural characteristics of each tier: 1) the 1st tier central place, Changchun Proper(not including Shuangyang District), provides the most service functions and has the most stable primate position; 2) the 2nd tier central places, Jilin Proper, Siping Proper, Liaoyuan Proper and Songyuan Proper have unclear statuses and do not provide certain functions; 3) the 3rd tier central places comprise 23 county-level cities, counties and urban districts(including Shuangyang District of Changchun), exhibiting a dense spatial structure that agrees with theory; 4) the 4th tier contains the largest number of central places(248 designated towns), but they are loosely distributed. In this study, a spatial image of the JCUA was created, based on vectorized data of the urban settlement distribution, which was then modified and abstracted to create a hexagonal network covering the JCUA. Compared to the traditional central place model, the modified spatial image conforms to the K = 3 principle. In reality, however, the growth of some 3rd tier central places should be increased with the cities being upgraded to the 2nd tier so as to overcome that tier′s functional deficiency. The loose distribution in the 4th tier should also be changed. This apparent anomaly can be explained by the fact that the classic hexagon model used to describe the way market areas layout does not exist in the real world. However, this should not be viewed as an obstacle to using central place theory. If its assumptions are properly applied, it can still assist research into the spatial structure of regions.

Tourism Spatial Structure in Urban Agglomeration of the Greater Bay Area and Its Optimization

With the rapid development of economy,China’s urbanization process is accelerated.As major urban cluster center,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is regarded as one of the most representative areas with the highest openness and the strongest economic vitality.Under the background of new era,main purpose of making development strategy of the Greater Bay Area is to build a world-class city cluster with great vitality,and establish a world-class science and technology innovation center with great influence.It also lays a good foundation for strengthening the construction of the belt and road initiative in China,and improves quality of life in the cooperation zone between the mainland and Hong Kong and Macao.Under the background,the tourism industry has new challenges,and the tourism spatial structure should be more closely linked.In this paper,tourism spatial structure of 9+2 urban agglomeration in the Greater Bay Area is taken as core research objective,and tourism resource of the urban agglomeration,and development of tourism economy and perfect transportation network in each city are analyzed.According to research results,the targeted suggestions and optimization methods are obtained.

The Structure and Pattern of Urban Network in the Lanzhou-Xining Urban Agglomeration

In this paper,we use factor analysis to evaluate the urban comprehensive quality of each city in the Lanzhou-Xining(Lan-Xi)urban agglomeration.The time distance was obtained by using GIS spatial analysis,and the structure and pattern of the spatial network were analyzed by using the gravity model and social network analysis method.The results show that:1)The scale effect of the Lan-Xi urban agglomeration is gradually emerging,and it is gradually forming the urban agglomeration with Lanzhou and Xining as the core,the Lan-Xi high-speed railway as the axis,and a high-dense connection.2)Lanzhou and Xining are at the core of the Lan-Xi urban agglomeration,which has a strong attraction and spreads to neighboring cities.3)In the network structure of the Lan-Xi urban agglomeration,Lanzhou,Baiyin,Gaolan,Yuzhong,Yongdeng,Dingxi,Lintao,Xining,Ledu,Huangzhong,Ping’an,Minhe and Datong are located in the network core position,which have the superiority position and lead to the entire regional communication enhancement and the regional integration development.4)This urban agglomeration has significant subgroups,eight tertiary subgroups and four secondary subgroup;the tertiary subgroups which compose secondary subgroup have a close connection and mutually influence each other.5)The Lanzhou Metropolitan Area and the Xining Metropolitan Area have an important impact on the surrounding cities,and the peripheral cities are basically controlled by the central city.The Dingxi subgroup,Lintao-Linxia subgroup,Gonghe subgroup have more structural holes than the subgroups within the Lanzhou Metropolitan Area and the Xining Metropolitan Area,so the peripheral cities of these subgroups have relatively less connection with surrounding cities.

FORMATION MECHANISM AND SPATIAL PATTERN OF URBAN AGGLOMERATION IN CENTRAL JILIN OF CHINA

Urban agglomeration is made up of cities with different sizes to be linked by traffic network in a given area, and it is an inevitable result when urbanization reaches a certain level. Taking urban agglomeration in central Jilin (UACJ) as an example, this article analyzes the formation mechanism and spatial pattern of urban agglomeration in the less-developed area. First, the dynamics of UACJ has been analyzed from the aspects of geographical condition, economic foundation, policy background, and traffic condition. Then the development process is divided into three stages-single city, city group and city cluster. Secondly, the central cities are identified from the aspects of city cen- trality, and the development axes are classified based on economic communication capacity. Finally, the urban agglo- meration is divided into five urban economic regions in order to establish the reasonable distribution of industries.

STUDY ON ECOLOGICAL SPACE OF URBAN AGGLOMERATION-Taking Wuxi City as an Example

From the angle of ecology,urban agg lomeration presents relevant types of landscape structure,which in-clude Patch,Corridor and Matrix.There are different landscape feature s and different problems in differen t development phases.This paper has put forward fi ve basic conditions for security pattern of landscape ecology of urban agglomeration,described quantitatively the featu res for landscape ecology in Wuxi,an d analyzed ecological background of spatial expan-sion and spatial organization of urb an development in Wuxi.From the angle of ecological land use and non-ecological land use,the paper has analyzed the featu res of land use and ecological distribution of land in the urban area.The s patial mod-el of cities and towns in Wuxi is composed of one metropolis,two urban zones and three development axes.This th esis has planned preliminarily ecologic al protection network at four levels in the urban region according to four layers.At last,combining landscape ecology with ur ban space,a tentative security pattern of landscape ecology has been pla nned in Wux-i,namely Source-Buffer Zone and Metropolis,Radiating Routes and Expan sion Direction of City,Strategic Point and Interac-tion between Cities and Towns,Inter-Source Linkage-Corridor of a Stabl e Landscape Structure.

Dynamic changes in urban land spatial inequality under the core-periphery structure in urban agglomerations

Relatively coordinated development among cities can typically promote the integration of the whole urban agglomeration,while urbanization of land has been found important to economic development in developing countries.Numerous studies have measured the urban land expansion in urban agglomerations.However,urban land spatial inequality under a specific spatial structure remains poorly understood.Here,we combined theβ-convergence model and the core-periphery structure to explore the dynamic changes in urban land spatial inequality in urban agglomerations.The Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration(YRDUA)in China was selected as the study area.Indicators of urban land have been applied in conjunction with a modified conditionalβ-convergence model,while the existence of the core-periphery structure was tested by analyzing coefficients of the control variable.The results show that although the spatial inequality of urban land area had decreased during 2000–2020,the whole YRDUA had still shown an obvious core-periphery structure.Compared with urban land area,the spatial inequality of urban land economic density and population density had decreased more rapidly,and the core-periphery structure was less obvious.Our findings can help to improve our current understanding of urban agglomeration and serve as a scientific reference for the coordinated development of urban agglomerations.

高速铁路网络协同发展对城市群空间重构的分形研究

高速铁路的建设发展,带动了城市群的协同发展与空间格局转变。为探索高速铁路网络协同发展对城市群空间结构的影响,基于分形理论,运用盒子维数和长度-半径维数描述高速铁路网络的覆盖均匀度与复杂程度,将豪斯多夫维数与齐夫定律相结合分析城市群规模序列结构,通过关联维数和集聚维数分析城市群空间结构相关性和集聚性。以高速铁路网络发展较为完善的5个城市群为例,比较分析高速铁路开通前后其空间结构的演变。结果表明,高速铁路网络覆盖均匀度不高,部分地区通达性良好,高速铁路建成后,辽中南等城市群的可达性明显得到改善,城市之间联络更加紧密,高速铁路的经济效应促进了城市群协同发展;关中平原等城市群呈现出集聚分布的趋势,因此应加强以高速铁路为基础、城际铁路为辅的快速交通系统建设。

多维要素流视角下成渝城市群空间结构特征研究

随着交通、通讯设施的日益完善与经济的快速发展,城市间各类要素流动更为频繁并形成城市网络,促进城市动态“流”数据的分析成为区域空间结构研究新范式。相比单一要素流,多维要素流可以从更加综合的视角刻画城市群内部网络联系,识别城市群空间结构特征。本文通过集成百度迁徙、快递物流线路、百度指数、企业总部—分支、科技论文合作等多元地理流数据建立成渝城市群人流、物流、信息流、资金流、技术流及综合流网络,借助社会网络分析方法识别网络节点特征并结合位序—规模法则评估城市体系规模结构,利用核密度分析法识别多维要素流动主要廊道,结合优势流和DBSCAN聚类分析成渝城市群空间组团特征。结果表明:第一,在多维要素流网络中,各节点层级分化明显,成都市、重庆市是成渝城市群的两大核心,对多维要素流的集聚扩散能力突出,而其他城市普遍发育不足。第二,重庆市—成都市关联区间联系强度最高,成都市、重庆市与14个地级市组成的关联区间次之,14个地级市之间组成的关联区间最低,成渝发展主轴、成德绵乐城市带是要素流动的主要廊道。第三,在优势流约束下,成渝城市群内部形成成都—德阳—眉山、重庆—广安、南充—遂宁、内江—自贡—宜宾—泸州、乐山—雅安共5个空间聚类,其中南充—遂宁、内江—自贡—宜宾—泸州具备培育都市圈的潜力。结合本文分析结果和现有规划,建议将多维要素流网络中心度相对较高的绵阳、南充、宜宾作为次级中心城市培育,在重点发展成都都市圈、重庆都市圈的同时着力培育南充—遂宁、内自宜泸两大都市圈,促进绵阳市、雅安市、乐山市、达州市等圈群空隙城市差异化、特色化发展,强化宜宾—泸州—重庆沿江发展轴,逐步优化成渝城市群空间结构,形成区域协调发展新格局。

基于人口流动的中国城市群多中心结构演化

利用2015—2018年腾讯人口迁徙大数据和社会经济统计数据,采用多中心结构测度等方法,对中国19个城市群的人口规模、流动特征和空间结构演化进行分析.结果表明:(1)从整体上看,中国城市群的形态多中心结构指数差异明显,且有微弱向单中心空间结构发展的态势,而功能多中心结构指数大多较低,但表现出不断上升趋势.(2)在多中心结构类型匹配方面,优化提升类城市群的功能多中心结构指数较高但形态多中心结构指数普遍偏低,发展壮大类城市群的形态多中心结构指数较高但功能多中心结构指数大多偏低,而培育发展类城市群内部存在不同匹配类型.(3)在多中心结构类型演替方面,优化提升类和发展壮大类城市群多中心化发展的趋势较为明显,而培育发展类城市群大多呈现单中心化发展趋势.

西部地区城市群空间结构调整的经济增长效应:基于动态空间计量模型的检验

城市群已成为中国西部地区经济发展的重要增长极与核心区,其合理有序的空间结构是经济增长的重要源泉。文章基于西部地区八大城市群2004—2020年面板数据,利用动态空间杜宾模型检验西部地区城市群空间结构调整对经济增长的作用效果与作用机制。研究发现:西部地区城市群的人口、产业和土地利用空间结构调整主要表现为空间集聚并显著促进了城市群经济增长;进一步的检验发现,这三类空间结构集聚对经济增长的促进作用在不断增强,且由短期促进演变为短期促进与长期促进并存。在影响机制方面,西部地区城市群人口空间集聚因加重环境污染而抑制了经济增长,但抑制作用明显弱于正向促进作用;产业空间集聚通过促进技术进步推动了经济增长;土地利用空间集聚通过加快产业结构升级促进了经济增长。最后,文章提出了提升城市群中心城市人口承载能力、提高城市群第二产业和第三产业空间集聚度、提高建设用地空间集聚度等政策建议。

中国城市空间结构演化特征和路径——基于290个地级及以上城市的实证

基于2001—2019年LandScan全球人口地理栅格数据库,采用探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)方法识别城市市域和主城区,综合考虑次中心人口、面积、距主中心的距离以及城市的尺度效应,从市域和主城区两个层面探讨中国290个地级及以上城市的集聚程度与多中心程度的演化特征。结果表明:2001—2019年中国城市空间结构总体呈现市域、主城区及主城区中心之间三重集聚而市域中心之间分散的演化特征,但不同规模城市呈现出不同的空间结构演化趋势,大部分人口在100万以内的规模较小城市仍处于市域、主城区和主城区中心人口三重集聚阶段,而人口在100万以上的规模较大城市已出现人口空间分布分散化趋势;研究期内中国约2/3城市表现为从较低集聚程度或多中心程度向较高集聚程度和多中心程度演化,尤其是人口规模发生显著跃迁的城市具有强烈的该类型演化倾向;在城市规划和建设实践中,应尊重不同城市人口的空间集聚与分散规律,规模较小城市资源配置应更集中高效,而规模较大城市应考虑多中心化的资源配置模式。

高铁网络对城市群空间结构的影响机理——基于要素转移与共享的视角

高铁网络对城市群空间结构造成了复杂的影响。一方面,高铁的开通带来的时空压缩效应降低了区域要素流动的成本,带来区域整体经济效率的提高;另一方面,高铁的网络效应会强化中心城镇的区位优势,形成对周边中小城市的“虹吸效应”,扩大城镇发展的不均衡。传统基于地点可达性测度的“土地利用-交通交互作用”理论难以解释高铁网络对城市群空间结构的复杂网络效应。本文从要素流动的视角,基于“转移型”(具备时空排他性,例如资本与劳动力)与“共享型”(无时空排他性,例如信息与技术)两类要素流,解析“高铁网络–要素转移与共享–城市群空间结构”级联作用路径;以武汉城市群为研究案例区,利用互联网位置服务平台提供的人口迁徙等大数据资源识别并测度城镇间要素转移与共享空间特征,综合应用空间交互模型、空间面板回归等方法实证高铁网络对要素转移与共享,以及对城市群空间结构的影响。研究结果表明,高速铁路的发展对武汉城市群经济发展具有异质性影响,高铁的发展促进了劳动力从周边中小城镇向中心城市转移,从而对武汉市经济具有明显的极化作用,对武汉周边城市的经济发展造成了挑战;同时,高铁也促进了信息与技术从中心城市向周边扩散,给地区经济转型带来了机遇。本研究克服了长期以来相关研究多基于单一类型“流数据”造成过度简化城镇间交互作用的缺点,尝试用统一的分析框架来解释高铁网络对城市群空间结构产生的影响。研究结果将为优化城市群空间结构提供政策参考。

黄河下游城市群信息网络空间结构研究

基于2021年城市间信息关注度数据,利用社会网络分析法,从网络层级、城市节点、空间聚类、空间组织模式等方面研究黄河下游城市群信息网络空间结构特征,并提出黄河下游城市群高质量协同发展策略.研究表明:黄河下游城市群信息联系层级分布具有明显等级性和距离衰减性,形成以区域中心城市——郑州、济南、青岛为核心的“核-辐结构”;黄河下游城市群城市节点的程度中心度和接近中心度呈现梯度分异,中介中心度出现明显极化现象,郑州、济南、青岛始终处于中心位置,山西、河北、安徽省内大部分城市处于边缘位置;黄河下游城市群空间聚类的划分具有地域邻近性,且受省级行政边界的限制,形成“四大片区八个组群”;黄河下游城市群信息网络形成以郑州、济南、青岛为核心,临沂、潍坊、烟台、洛阳、邯郸、南阳、新乡等为次级核心的网络型组织模式.

京津冀城市群体育产业空间结构特征及其影响因素

冬奥会促使体育产业成为京津冀城市群的优势产业之一,如何用体育产业撬动京津冀城市群协同发展是值得深入研究的问题。以京津冀13个城市为研究对象,选取2015与2020年数据建立体育产业城市吸引力的引力模型。运用社会网络分析方法,从网络密度、节点中心性、凝聚子群、核心边缘等指标,对京津冀城市群体育产业时空特征进行定量分析,利用Ucinet软件对京津冀城市群体育空间结构特征进行可视化解析。结果表明:①京津冀城市群体育产业网络空间分布主要呈现中心集聚、空间分布不平衡的特征,尚未形成多中心、网络化一体化发展的格局;②2015—2021年京津冀城市群中心城市由2个增加到4个,北京、天津、廊坊形成了紧密联系的核心群体,张家口、唐山与北京的联系逐步加深;③配套设施、城市环境、互联网发展水平和人口因素对京津冀城市群体育产业吸引力的影响逐渐增大;④体育产业时空分布受政策导向、经济基础、交通区位、自然资源、消费市场和社会文化环境等多种因素影响。建议强化政策协同与资源优化,全面增强体育产业协同发展动能;强化中心引领,合力打造京津冀城市群体育产业新高地;聚合优势,培育品牌提升京津冀城市群综合发展实力。

我国城市群知识创新的空间结构演变趋势——来自Web of Science核心数据库的经验证据

为加强多中心城市群知识合作网络空间结构的建设,构建均衡的城市群发展格局,本文基于社会网络分析法(Ucinet),对我国八大国家级城市群内城际间合作发表论文的期刊数量的网络特征及其结构演变趋势进行实证研究,并就高等院校数量、经济发展水平、行政管制壁垒等因素对于知识合作网络的影响做进一步定量分析和说明。研究结论显示,我国八大国家级城市群知识合作网络主要表现为单中心的结构特征,但就发展趋势来看,多中心网络结构特征逐渐显现,这离不开城市群教育均等化、交通便捷化以及制度一体化发展的助力推动。

长三角城市群文化创意产业空间关联及网络结构特征研究

明晰文化创意产业空间关联及网络结构特征是优化资源配置和规划区域文化创意产业发展的基础。本文运用修正的空间引力模型及社会网络分析法,结合2011—2019年相关数据,对长三角城市群文化创意产业空间关联及网络结构特征进行实证分析。结果表明:1)长三角城市群文化创意产业空间关联强度逐年增加;2)长三角城市群文化创意产业网络结构越发稳固,上海、南京、杭州是整个网络的中心结点和通道控制者;3)长三角东翼城市处于整个网络的核心区域,核心区内部联系紧密但对边缘区城市的“涓滴效应”有限,边缘区向核心区集聚势能较小;4)长三角城市群文化创意产业主要围绕上海、南京、杭州、合肥等中心城市进行空间集聚,并形成了内部密切相关的凝聚子群。

城市群空间结构视角下中国式城镇化的内涵、机制与路径

城镇化和城市群发展模式的历史经验表明,“以城市群为依托”的新型城镇化战略是实现中国式现代化的必然选择。中国式现代化的内涵为高质量城镇化提出新的要求。从“人的城镇化”出发,迈向建设现代化国家新征程,必须把握城市群空间结构的发展规律及阶段性要求,以新发展理念科学地建设城市规模体系并改善人口空间分布,构建区域经济发展新格局。动态地破除现阶段城镇化过程中粗放城市蔓延、规模体系失调、劣质空间形态、激进土地出让等问题,在协调发展过程中优化空间布局,在规模增长过程中优化资源配置,在城乡融合过程中实现共同富裕。深入推进中国式新型城镇发展模式,改善城市群结构,稳步提升城镇化质量,可以为全面建设社会主义现代化国家提供坚实有力的支撑。

基于交通流和辐射模型的城市群网络结构及驱动因素分析——以长江中游城市群为例

城市群是承载区域发展要素的主要空间载体,研究城市群内部的联系网络结构及空间分异特征对推进区域一体化、促进城市群高质量发展具有重要的科学意义。从经济发展、文化创新、绿色发展和宜居环境4个维度综合评判城市的竞争力水平,构建基于多模式交通流和辐射模型的城市群网络结构模型,以长江中游城市群为例科学测度城市群的网络空间结构特征,并采用空间计量模型探讨影响城市网络中心性的驱动机制。主要结论如下:①城市之间的平均交通流强度为高铁>普铁>动车>客运汽车,且高铁交通网络呈现较大的空间非均衡性;②基于多模式交通流和辐射模型构建城市群网络空间结构,依据要素净流出值将城市划分为对外辐射型、对外依赖型和辐射依赖均衡型,长江中游城市群中仅武汉、长沙两大核心城市为对外辐射型城市;③城市群网络结构的中心性与城市的行政等级密切相关,城市中心性的出度和入度呈现出较强的相似性,城市行政等级、经济水平和全球化是影响城市群网络出度中心性的关键因素,而经济水平和市场化是影响城市入度中心性的主要驱动因素。