China has operated as a proactive destination of technology transfer and diffusion from the Western world since reform and opening-up in 1978.This enabled the country to seize strategic opportunities of global factor ...China has operated as a proactive destination of technology transfer and diffusion from the Western world since reform and opening-up in 1978.This enabled the country to seize strategic opportunities of global factor specialization and helped it achieve great industrial development and upgrade.Nevertheless,the traditional path of integration into the global system of factor specialization has also brought about problems of imbalance and incoordination such as an excessive consumption of natural resources and environmental damage,making it necessary for China's industrial development to increase sustainability.Deepening of global factor specialization,increased cross-border liquidity,and the strategy of "reverse integration" of multinational firms based on developing economies are tendencies highly consistent with the direction of China's industrial development and upgrade and present new strategic opportunities for integration into global factor specialization and industrial transformation.Rather than simply acting passively as a destination of foreign investment,a new round of opening-up is required for China to take a more efficient route in the global system of factor specialization.Therefore,in the area of industrial development,China must keep a down-to-earth attitude,effectively utilize the existing comparative advantages,and follow a gradual and science-based approach.Only by following this course will China be able to take advantage of the new opportunities,foster advanced indigenous and international factors,and increase its capabilities of innovation and global operation on the basis of global resources integration.展开更多
Literatures about the institutional arrangement of the Peasant Special Cooperative Organization are summarized.Based on the introduction of theoretical background,the overall level of annual earnings in the year 2008 ...Literatures about the institutional arrangement of the Peasant Special Cooperative Organization are summarized.Based on the introduction of theoretical background,the overall level of annual earnings in the year 2008 is selected as a dependent variable to evaluate the economic performance of cooperative organizations,according to the investigation on 54 Peasant Special Cooperative Organizations in Cuiping District,Sichuan Province,China.A total of 13 institutional indices passing the correlation test are chosen as independent variables.Relationship between the development level and the institutional factors affecting the economic performance of cooperative organizations is studied by using factor analysis method.Result shows that there is relatively high consistency between the score of institutional factor and the development level of cooperative organization.Both macroscopic support system and internal benefit distribution system have greater impacts on the Peasant Special Cooperative Organization;the internal supervision factor and the interest factor of core members have insignificant impacts on the economic performance;and the production management factor has little effect on economic performance.Based on this,several suggestions are put forward,including standardizing and reforming the system,improving the countermeasures for economic performance,strengthening the support and policy guidance for Peasant Special Cooperative Organization,improving and standardizing the distribution of benefit system,the security system and monitoring system for core members' interests,and fully reflecting the interests of core members.展开更多
This study investigates the seismic design factors for three reinforced concrete （RC） framed buildings with 4, 16 and 32-stories in Dubai, UAE utilizing nonlinear analysis. The buildings are designed according to th...This study investigates the seismic design factors for three reinforced concrete （RC） framed buildings with 4, 16 and 32-stories in Dubai, UAE utilizing nonlinear analysis. The buildings are designed according to the response spectrum procedure defined in the 2009 International Building Code （IBC＇09）. Two ensembles of ground motion records with 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years （10/50 and 2/50, respectively） are used. The nonlinear dynamic resPonses to the earthquake records are computed using IDARC-2D. Key seismic design parameters are evaluated; namely, response modification factor （R）, deflection amplification factor （Cd）, system overstrength factor （Ωo）, and response modification factor for ductility （Rd） in addition to inelastic interstory drift. The evaluated seismic design factors are found to significantly depend on the considered ground motion （10/50 versus 2/50）. Consequently, resolution to the controversy of Dubai seismicity is urged. The seismic design factors for the 2/50 records show an increase over their counterparts for the 10/50 records in the range of 200%-400%, except for the D~ factor, which shows a mere 30% increase. Based on the observed trends, perioddependent R and Cd factors are recommended if consistent collapse probability （or collapse prevention performance） in moment frames with varying heights is to be expected.展开更多
目的了解厦门市三级甲等医院护士造口护理管理自我效能的现状以及影响因素,为今后教学计划的制订提供依据。方法2021年10—11月以方便抽样的方法采用中文版造口护理管理自我效能量表(self-efficacy measuring scale for ostomy care nur...目的了解厦门市三级甲等医院护士造口护理管理自我效能的现状以及影响因素,为今后教学计划的制订提供依据。方法2021年10—11月以方便抽样的方法采用中文版造口护理管理自我效能量表(self-efficacy measuring scale for ostomy care nursing management,SE-OCNM)对厦门市2家三甲医院的150名临床护士进行调查。量表采用Likert 5级评分法,1分=“完全不能够”,5分=“完全能够”。总分为24~120分,得分越高,护士造口护理管理自我效能水平越高。结果护士造口护理管理自我效能总得分(96.65±16.71)分,其中通过3个维度:临床评估(10个条目)、关系和教育(12个条目)、团队合作(2个条目)得分的对比,得出临床评估得分最高,为(4.06±0.74)分,关系和教育得分最低,为(4.03±0.70)分;条目中最高得分(4.17±0.84)分,最低得分(3.77±0.87)分;经多重线性回归分析,科室、职称和婚姻状况是影响护士造口护理管理自我效能水平的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论护士造口护理管理自我效能处于较高水平,照护频率低的科室、初级职称护士和未婚人群均是护士造口护理管理自我效能水平的独立影响因素,今后可通过改进培训方式、加强专科护士指导及建立医护合作机制来重点提升低年资护士及接收造口患者频率较低科室护士的造口护理管理自我效能水平。展开更多
基金National Social Sciences Fund Program Research of Accelerating the Transformation of Economic Development Pattern in the Yangtze River Delta with the Support of Strategic Emerging Industries(Approval No.12 BJL 080)Major Program of Humanities and Social Sciences Research of Anhui Province Research on Developing New Advantages of Anhui's Open Economy(Approval No.SK 2013 ZD 01)China Postdoctoral Scientific Research Fund Program Research on the Effect of Trade in Services on the Promotion of the Position of the Yangtze River Delta in International Division of Labor(Approval No.2013 M530809)
文摘China has operated as a proactive destination of technology transfer and diffusion from the Western world since reform and opening-up in 1978.This enabled the country to seize strategic opportunities of global factor specialization and helped it achieve great industrial development and upgrade.Nevertheless,the traditional path of integration into the global system of factor specialization has also brought about problems of imbalance and incoordination such as an excessive consumption of natural resources and environmental damage,making it necessary for China's industrial development to increase sustainability.Deepening of global factor specialization,increased cross-border liquidity,and the strategy of "reverse integration" of multinational firms based on developing economies are tendencies highly consistent with the direction of China's industrial development and upgrade and present new strategic opportunities for integration into global factor specialization and industrial transformation.Rather than simply acting passively as a destination of foreign investment,a new round of opening-up is required for China to take a more efficient route in the global system of factor specialization.Therefore,in the area of industrial development,China must keep a down-to-earth attitude,effectively utilize the existing comparative advantages,and follow a gradual and science-based approach.Only by following this course will China be able to take advantage of the new opportunities,foster advanced indigenous and international factors,and increase its capabilities of innovation and global operation on the basis of global resources integration.
文摘Literatures about the institutional arrangement of the Peasant Special Cooperative Organization are summarized.Based on the introduction of theoretical background,the overall level of annual earnings in the year 2008 is selected as a dependent variable to evaluate the economic performance of cooperative organizations,according to the investigation on 54 Peasant Special Cooperative Organizations in Cuiping District,Sichuan Province,China.A total of 13 institutional indices passing the correlation test are chosen as independent variables.Relationship between the development level and the institutional factors affecting the economic performance of cooperative organizations is studied by using factor analysis method.Result shows that there is relatively high consistency between the score of institutional factor and the development level of cooperative organization.Both macroscopic support system and internal benefit distribution system have greater impacts on the Peasant Special Cooperative Organization;the internal supervision factor and the interest factor of core members have insignificant impacts on the economic performance;and the production management factor has little effect on economic performance.Based on this,several suggestions are put forward,including standardizing and reforming the system,improving the countermeasures for economic performance,strengthening the support and policy guidance for Peasant Special Cooperative Organization,improving and standardizing the distribution of benefit system,the security system and monitoring system for core members' interests,and fully reflecting the interests of core members.
文摘This study investigates the seismic design factors for three reinforced concrete （RC） framed buildings with 4, 16 and 32-stories in Dubai, UAE utilizing nonlinear analysis. The buildings are designed according to the response spectrum procedure defined in the 2009 International Building Code （IBC＇09）. Two ensembles of ground motion records with 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years （10/50 and 2/50, respectively） are used. The nonlinear dynamic resPonses to the earthquake records are computed using IDARC-2D. Key seismic design parameters are evaluated; namely, response modification factor （R）, deflection amplification factor （Cd）, system overstrength factor （Ωo）, and response modification factor for ductility （Rd） in addition to inelastic interstory drift. The evaluated seismic design factors are found to significantly depend on the considered ground motion （10/50 versus 2/50）. Consequently, resolution to the controversy of Dubai seismicity is urged. The seismic design factors for the 2/50 records show an increase over their counterparts for the 10/50 records in the range of 200%-400%, except for the D~ factor, which shows a mere 30% increase. Based on the observed trends, perioddependent R and Cd factors are recommended if consistent collapse probability （or collapse prevention performance） in moment frames with varying heights is to be expected.
文摘目的了解厦门市三级甲等医院护士造口护理管理自我效能的现状以及影响因素,为今后教学计划的制订提供依据。方法2021年10—11月以方便抽样的方法采用中文版造口护理管理自我效能量表(self-efficacy measuring scale for ostomy care nursing management,SE-OCNM)对厦门市2家三甲医院的150名临床护士进行调查。量表采用Likert 5级评分法,1分=“完全不能够”,5分=“完全能够”。总分为24~120分,得分越高,护士造口护理管理自我效能水平越高。结果护士造口护理管理自我效能总得分(96.65±16.71)分,其中通过3个维度:临床评估(10个条目)、关系和教育(12个条目)、团队合作(2个条目)得分的对比,得出临床评估得分最高,为(4.06±0.74)分,关系和教育得分最低,为(4.03±0.70)分;条目中最高得分(4.17±0.84)分,最低得分(3.77±0.87)分;经多重线性回归分析,科室、职称和婚姻状况是影响护士造口护理管理自我效能水平的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论护士造口护理管理自我效能处于较高水平,照护频率低的科室、初级职称护士和未婚人群均是护士造口护理管理自我效能水平的独立影响因素,今后可通过改进培训方式、加强专科护士指导及建立医护合作机制来重点提升低年资护士及接收造口患者频率较低科室护士的造口护理管理自我效能水平。
