Objective: This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of clinical nurse specialist (CNS) interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD significantly affects p...Objective: This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of clinical nurse specialist (CNS) interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD significantly affects people's health worldwide. With the development in nursing, CNSs are playing increasingly important roles in different departments. However, the studies on the effectiveness of CNSs in COPD are not as well organized as the studies on the effectiveness of CNSs in bronchiectasis and asthma. Therefore, this review aims to find some updated evidence on the CNS interventions for patients with COPD and on whether these interventions are effective.Methods: A narrative analysis of the data was performed for the eligible studies. Four databases were chosen: CINAHL, MEDLINE, British Nursing Index, and Cochrane Library. Other websites such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, National Health Service Evidence, Association of Respiratory Nurse Specialists, and National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialist were searched as well. Two reviewers performed study identification independently, and all the retrieved articles were stored using the EndNote X7 software. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. Results: A total of nine studies were included in this review. There were five current interventions by CNSs for patients with COPD. These interventions were home nursing support, CNS]s supported discharge, multidisciplinary cooperation programs, nurse-led care programs, and self-care management education. The effectiveness of these five interventions was evaluated individually. There is low- to moderate-quality evidence indicating that home nursing support interventions may have a positive effect on mortality and quality of life. No significant difference in quality of life has been found between the CNS-supported discharge intervention and the usual service. The multidisciplinary cooperation program probably had a positive effect on quality ot life in patients with COPD. Both nurse-led care and self-care management education intervention had a positive effect on mortality of patients with COPD.Conclusions: The findings of this review provide updated evidence on the effectiveness of CNS interventions for patients with COPD. Although nine trials were included and five types of interventions were identified, there is still lack of high-quality evidence.展开更多
背景应对当前健康挑战需要为患者提供整合和连续性服务,初级卫生保健人员与全科医生外其他专科医务人员协作是最常见的实现途径,不同学科人员之间协作的模式及效果直接影响整合服务的提供质量,并对患者的健康结局改善至关重要。目的采...背景应对当前健康挑战需要为患者提供整合和连续性服务,初级卫生保健人员与全科医生外其他专科医务人员协作是最常见的实现途径,不同学科人员之间协作的模式及效果直接影响整合服务的提供质量,并对患者的健康结局改善至关重要。目的采用概况性评价的方法,对初级卫生保健人员与专科医务人员协作模式相关研究特征、协作模式内容、作者报告的协作模式效果进行系统梳理。方法于2022-09-03,系统检索PubMed、EmBase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台中与初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作相关的文献,检索时限设定为建库至检索当日。提取纳入文献的基本特征、协作模式特征及效果。基于Mulave齿轮模型对团队协作模式进行元素分解,结合内容分析法对文献中的协作模式内容进行整合和展示。结果最终纳入与主题相关的文献420篇,其中214篇(51.0%)的研究目的为评价协作模式效果,但仅82篇(19.5%)能够提取出具体的协作方式内容。提取有限的协作模式细节信息发现,初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作模式的突出特点是共同工作方式明确且正规、协作服务内容有循证指南/规范支持、在两类人员协作中有信息系统和专职协调人员的支持。82篇文献中,54篇(65.9%)文献报告了明确的效果指标,其中90.7%(49/54)的结论为协作对服务提供过程、服务利用和健康结果相关指标的改善有影响,但较高比例(90.7%,49/54)的研究报告正面效果不能排除发表偏倚的存在。结论整合型服务使用初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作模式时,需要确保两类人员合作方式、工作内容的明确化,同时注重信息和协调人员的支持作用;卫生体系与政策相关干预研究应重视对干预设计细节和执行过程的描述,未来有必要对该主题研究开展方法学质量评价和Meta分析。展开更多
文摘Objective: This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of clinical nurse specialist (CNS) interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD significantly affects people's health worldwide. With the development in nursing, CNSs are playing increasingly important roles in different departments. However, the studies on the effectiveness of CNSs in COPD are not as well organized as the studies on the effectiveness of CNSs in bronchiectasis and asthma. Therefore, this review aims to find some updated evidence on the CNS interventions for patients with COPD and on whether these interventions are effective.Methods: A narrative analysis of the data was performed for the eligible studies. Four databases were chosen: CINAHL, MEDLINE, British Nursing Index, and Cochrane Library. Other websites such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, National Health Service Evidence, Association of Respiratory Nurse Specialists, and National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialist were searched as well. Two reviewers performed study identification independently, and all the retrieved articles were stored using the EndNote X7 software. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. Results: A total of nine studies were included in this review. There were five current interventions by CNSs for patients with COPD. These interventions were home nursing support, CNS]s supported discharge, multidisciplinary cooperation programs, nurse-led care programs, and self-care management education. The effectiveness of these five interventions was evaluated individually. There is low- to moderate-quality evidence indicating that home nursing support interventions may have a positive effect on mortality and quality of life. No significant difference in quality of life has been found between the CNS-supported discharge intervention and the usual service. The multidisciplinary cooperation program probably had a positive effect on quality ot life in patients with COPD. Both nurse-led care and self-care management education intervention had a positive effect on mortality of patients with COPD.Conclusions: The findings of this review provide updated evidence on the effectiveness of CNS interventions for patients with COPD. Although nine trials were included and five types of interventions were identified, there is still lack of high-quality evidence.
文摘背景应对当前健康挑战需要为患者提供整合和连续性服务,初级卫生保健人员与全科医生外其他专科医务人员协作是最常见的实现途径,不同学科人员之间协作的模式及效果直接影响整合服务的提供质量,并对患者的健康结局改善至关重要。目的采用概况性评价的方法,对初级卫生保健人员与专科医务人员协作模式相关研究特征、协作模式内容、作者报告的协作模式效果进行系统梳理。方法于2022-09-03,系统检索PubMed、EmBase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台中与初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作相关的文献,检索时限设定为建库至检索当日。提取纳入文献的基本特征、协作模式特征及效果。基于Mulave齿轮模型对团队协作模式进行元素分解,结合内容分析法对文献中的协作模式内容进行整合和展示。结果最终纳入与主题相关的文献420篇,其中214篇(51.0%)的研究目的为评价协作模式效果,但仅82篇(19.5%)能够提取出具体的协作方式内容。提取有限的协作模式细节信息发现,初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作模式的突出特点是共同工作方式明确且正规、协作服务内容有循证指南/规范支持、在两类人员协作中有信息系统和专职协调人员的支持。82篇文献中,54篇(65.9%)文献报告了明确的效果指标,其中90.7%(49/54)的结论为协作对服务提供过程、服务利用和健康结果相关指标的改善有影响,但较高比例(90.7%,49/54)的研究报告正面效果不能排除发表偏倚的存在。结论整合型服务使用初级卫生保健人员和专科医务人员协作模式时,需要确保两类人员合作方式、工作内容的明确化,同时注重信息和协调人员的支持作用;卫生体系与政策相关干预研究应重视对干预设计细节和执行过程的描述,未来有必要对该主题研究开展方法学质量评价和Meta分析。