We tested 288 pieces of the polished cabochon jadeite-jade with high quality green and smooth surfaces using the colorimeter Color i5 based on the CIE 1976 L＊a＊b＊ uniform color space. The color changes after altern...We tested 288 pieces of the polished cabochon jadeite-jade with high quality green and smooth surfaces using the colorimeter Color i5 based on the CIE 1976 L＊a＊b＊ uniform color space. The color changes after alternating three CIE standard light sources D65, A and CWF were compared, and the degree of metamerism was evaluated. The results show that the CIE standard light sources D65, A and CWF increase the chroma of green and turn bluish green into vivid green, which are similar or to nearly colorless and transparent glass-like samples with fine textures. When the three light sources were individually alternated, the lightness of the jadeite-jades showed little change, but the tone changed significantly. Metamerism occurred only in 3 pairs among the 16 samples that were selected by cluster analysis for quality, and the metamerism colors were highly consistent of L＊D65∈（43.47, 46.75）, C＊D65∈（65.20, 68.80） and ho＊D65∈（138.10, 140.23）. We can conclude that the jadeite-jade green gradually turns to blue when the color temperature of the light source increases. But when considering both the light sources and the samples, D65 is more suitable to be the light source of jadeite-jade green when compared with the light sources CWF and A. Compared with the CIE standard green and high chroma green, high-quality jadeite-jade green has a slight yellow tone, low lightness and high chroma. The special metamerism index decreased to 1 when the light source alternated among D65, A and CWF. Therefore, the color of jadeite-jade green might be slightly influenced by alternating of the light sources.展开更多
This paper analyzes the characteristics of BRICS＇s agricultural trading in four ways： export market competition, revealed comparative advantage, trade specialization index, and export similarity index. It shows that...This paper analyzes the characteristics of BRICS＇s agricultural trading in four ways： export market competition, revealed comparative advantage, trade specialization index, and export similarity index. It shows that BRICS countries export different agricultural goods in the same market, so they do not have real competition in agricultural trading markets. BRICS countries have a comparative advantage in different products; especially Brazil with having total different RCA products. In BRICS countries, China and Brazil are the closest trading partners. Compared with other BRICS countries, China and India have a higher similarity in agricultural trading.展开更多
In this paper, we study the property of continuous mappings from a sphere to the Euclidean space. By using the theory of the periodic transformation in algebraic topology, we obtain a generalized Borsuk-Ulam theorem a...In this paper, we study the property of continuous mappings from a sphere to the Euclidean space. By using the theory of the periodic transformation in algebraic topology, we obtain a generalized Borsuk-Ulam theorem and then give some applications of the theorem.展开更多
基金financial support by "the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"
文摘We tested 288 pieces of the polished cabochon jadeite-jade with high quality green and smooth surfaces using the colorimeter Color i5 based on the CIE 1976 L＊a＊b＊ uniform color space. The color changes after alternating three CIE standard light sources D65, A and CWF were compared, and the degree of metamerism was evaluated. The results show that the CIE standard light sources D65, A and CWF increase the chroma of green and turn bluish green into vivid green, which are similar or to nearly colorless and transparent glass-like samples with fine textures. When the three light sources were individually alternated, the lightness of the jadeite-jades showed little change, but the tone changed significantly. Metamerism occurred only in 3 pairs among the 16 samples that were selected by cluster analysis for quality, and the metamerism colors were highly consistent of L＊D65∈（43.47, 46.75）, C＊D65∈（65.20, 68.80） and ho＊D65∈（138.10, 140.23）. We can conclude that the jadeite-jade green gradually turns to blue when the color temperature of the light source increases. But when considering both the light sources and the samples, D65 is more suitable to be the light source of jadeite-jade green when compared with the light sources CWF and A. Compared with the CIE standard green and high chroma green, high-quality jadeite-jade green has a slight yellow tone, low lightness and high chroma. The special metamerism index decreased to 1 when the light source alternated among D65, A and CWF. Therefore, the color of jadeite-jade green might be slightly influenced by alternating of the light sources.
文摘This paper analyzes the characteristics of BRICS＇s agricultural trading in four ways： export market competition, revealed comparative advantage, trade specialization index, and export similarity index. It shows that BRICS countries export different agricultural goods in the same market, so they do not have real competition in agricultural trading markets. BRICS countries have a comparative advantage in different products; especially Brazil with having total different RCA products. In BRICS countries, China and Brazil are the closest trading partners. Compared with other BRICS countries, China and India have a higher similarity in agricultural trading.
文摘In this paper, we study the property of continuous mappings from a sphere to the Euclidean space. By using the theory of the periodic transformation in algebraic topology, we obtain a generalized Borsuk-Ulam theorem and then give some applications of the theorem.
