Following the successful conclusion of the 19thCommunist Party of China National Congress,there has been a nationwide upsurge in the study and implementation of the spirit of the Congress.It was therefore both necessa...Following the successful conclusion of the 19thCommunist Party of China National Congress,there has been a nationwide upsurge in the study and implementation of the spirit of the Congress.It was therefore both necessary and timely for the China Society for Human Rights Studies to organize a symposium on the study and implementation of the spirit of the Congress.I’d like to express my understanding of the study and implementation of the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress from three aspects:展开更多
At medium or long distance (〉 10 kin) underwater acoustic speech communication, information transfer rate is constrained by the complicated, time varying channel and limited bandwidth. The bit rate of speech coding...At medium or long distance (〉 10 kin) underwater acoustic speech communication, information transfer rate is constrained by the complicated, time varying channel and limited bandwidth. The bit rate of speech coding is required to be as low as possible. The time delay of underwater acoustic wave propagation can be used for low bit rate speech coding. After investigating the Mixed Excitation Linear Prediction (MELP) standard and taking account of the auditory perceptual features, a variable and adjustable bit rate speech codec algorithm has been proposed, whose average bit rate is about 600 bps. The average Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality Mean Opinion Score (PESQ MOS) of synthesized speeches is about 2.8. It has been proved by the computer simulation and sea trial that the performance of the proposed algorithm is well and robust when bit error rate is no more than 10-3. The synthesized speech is vivid and intelligible, and keeps main individual characteristics of speaker.展开更多
After pointed the unreasonableness of the three basic assumptions contained in HMM, we introduce the theory and the advantage of Stochastic najectory Models (STMs) that possibly resolve these problems caused by HMM as...After pointed the unreasonableness of the three basic assumptions contained in HMM, we introduce the theory and the advantage of Stochastic najectory Models (STMs) that possibly resolve these problems caused by HMM assumptions. In STM, the acoustic observations of an acoustic unit are represented as clusters of trajectories in a parameter space.The trajectories are modelled by mixture of probability density functions of random sequence of states. After analyzing the characteristics of Chinese speech, the acoustic units for continuous Chinese speech recognition based on STM are discussed and phone-like units are suggested. The performance of continuous Chinese speech recognition based on STM is studied on VINICS system. The experimental results prove the efficiency of STM and the consistency of phone-like units.展开更多
The published studies on the issues in the teaching and leaming of ESL (English as a Second Language)/EFL (English as a Foreign Language) oral English shed lights on many of the unresolved problems in ESL/EFL teac...The published studies on the issues in the teaching and leaming of ESL (English as a Second Language)/EFL (English as a Foreign Language) oral English shed lights on many of the unresolved problems in ESL/EFL teaching and learning. The writer's findings through literature review of the issues in the teaching and learning of ESL/EFL oral English indicate that further studies in this area may provide more valuable experiences to aid ESL/EFL speakers in producing fluent and accurate speech.展开更多
文摘Following the successful conclusion of the 19thCommunist Party of China National Congress,there has been a nationwide upsurge in the study and implementation of the spirit of the Congress.It was therefore both necessary and timely for the China Society for Human Rights Studies to organize a symposium on the study and implementation of the spirit of the Congress.I’d like to express my understanding of the study and implementation of the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress from three aspects:
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61102152)
文摘At medium or long distance (〉 10 kin) underwater acoustic speech communication, information transfer rate is constrained by the complicated, time varying channel and limited bandwidth. The bit rate of speech coding is required to be as low as possible. The time delay of underwater acoustic wave propagation can be used for low bit rate speech coding. After investigating the Mixed Excitation Linear Prediction (MELP) standard and taking account of the auditory perceptual features, a variable and adjustable bit rate speech codec algorithm has been proposed, whose average bit rate is about 600 bps. The average Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality Mean Opinion Score (PESQ MOS) of synthesized speeches is about 2.8. It has been proved by the computer simulation and sea trial that the performance of the proposed algorithm is well and robust when bit error rate is no more than 10-3. The synthesized speech is vivid and intelligible, and keeps main individual characteristics of speaker.
文摘After pointed the unreasonableness of the three basic assumptions contained in HMM, we introduce the theory and the advantage of Stochastic najectory Models (STMs) that possibly resolve these problems caused by HMM assumptions. In STM, the acoustic observations of an acoustic unit are represented as clusters of trajectories in a parameter space.The trajectories are modelled by mixture of probability density functions of random sequence of states. After analyzing the characteristics of Chinese speech, the acoustic units for continuous Chinese speech recognition based on STM are discussed and phone-like units are suggested. The performance of continuous Chinese speech recognition based on STM is studied on VINICS system. The experimental results prove the efficiency of STM and the consistency of phone-like units.
文摘The published studies on the issues in the teaching and leaming of ESL (English as a Second Language)/EFL (English as a Foreign Language) oral English shed lights on many of the unresolved problems in ESL/EFL teaching and learning. The writer's findings through literature review of the issues in the teaching and learning of ESL/EFL oral English indicate that further studies in this area may provide more valuable experiences to aid ESL/EFL speakers in producing fluent and accurate speech.