The Synthesis of Isotactic Polypropylene with Spherical Morphology via Supported Metallocene Catalyst

Polymerization of propylene was carried out under bulk process at 70 degrees C using the supported metallocene catalyst with four kinds of SiO2 as carrier with triethylaluminum used as cocatalyst. The morphology of the products was studied by SEM. It was found the property of the carriers gave great effect on the fine structure of the products as well as the apperance.

Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)phenylamines as Internal Donors for Ziegler-Natta Polymerization Catalysts

Several bis（trifluoromethylsulfonyl）phenylamines have been synthesized and used as internal donors for the preparation of heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts for propylene polymerization. These new cata- lysts are highly active and stereospecific in combination with an external donor for the polymerization of propylene. The activity of these catalysts is dramatically influenced by the electronic capability of the phenyl substituents on the sulfonyl phenylamines. Therefore, the performances of the catalysts can be modified by adjusting the electronic property of the phenyl substituents of the sulfonyl phenylamines.

COPOLYMERIZATION OF PROPYLENE WITH HINDERED PIPERIDINE MONOMER OVER A HIGH ACTIVITY SUPPORTED ZIEGLER-NATTA CATALYST

Copolymerization of propylene and hindered piperidine monomers was carried out over a high activity supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst, using Al(C2H5)(3) as cocatalyst. Factors which affect the copolymerization were studied, The copolymers exhibited high light stability without adding extra light stabilizers. A self-stabilized polypropylene was prepared.

STUDY ON 1-HEXENE POLYMERIZATION BASED ON ZIEGLER-NATTA CATALYSTS WITH DOPED SUPPORT

A series of Ti/Mg supported catalysts are prepared by using ball-milled mixtures of MgCl2-ethanol adducts and NaCl as supports, and 1-hexene polymerizations catalyzed by the novel catalysts are studied. It is found that the molecular weight distribution of poly(1-hexene) becomes apparently narrower when catalysts with doped supports are used, indicating that changing the structure of the support is an effective way to regulate the active center distribution of heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalyst.

Study of a Novel Fourth-generation Supported Ziegler-Natta Catalyst for Propylene Polymerization: Relationship between Catalyst Structure and Polymerization Properties

This article presents a detailed structural study of a new spherical Mg Cl2-supported Ti Cl4 Ziegler-Natta catalyst for isotactic propylene polymerization, and researches on the relationship between catalyst structure and polymer properties. The spherical support with the chemical composition of CH3CH2 OMg OCH(CH2Cl)2 has been synthesized from a new dispersion system and is used as the supporting material to prepare Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The XRD analysis indicates that the catalyst is fully activated with δ-Mg Cl2 in the active catalyst. The far-IR spectrometric results confirm again the presence of δ-Mg Cl2 in the active catalyst. Textural property of the active catalyst exhibits high surface area coupled with high porosity. The high activity in propylene polymerization is mainly ascribed to the full activation and the porous structure of the catalyst. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometer mapping results indicate a uniform titanium distribution throughout the catalyst particles. Particle size analysis shows that the catalyst has a narrow particle size distribution. The perfect spherical shape, uniform titanium distribution and narrow particle size distribution of the catalyst confirm the advantage of polymer particles production with less fines. The solid state 13 C NMR and mid-IR spectroscopic analyses indicate that there exists strong complexation between diisobutyl phthalate and Mg Cl2, which leads to the high isotacticity of polypropylene.

Preparation of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polypropylene Using Ziegler-Natta Catalyst via Combining Internal Electron Donor and Cocatalyst Loading

Due to the development of the new energy industry,polypropylene with ultra-high molecular weight plays a crucial role for battery isolation membrane.This work investigated the effect of internal electron donor of Ziegler-Natta catalyst system on the molecular weight of the obtained polypropylene.The scanning electron microscope(SEM)and Canon camera were used to characterize the surface morphologies of catalyst particles and polymer particles,respectively.Compared with the polypropylene particles featuring a spherical shape,these study results confirmed that the morphology duplication theory from the catalyst particle to the morphology of polymer particle was exhibited.The gel permeation chromatography(GPC)results revealed that the obtained polypropylene has a much higher average molecular weight than those prepared by conventional method.The Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FT-IR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)revealed that the carbonyl oxygen atom on ester group was preferentially bound to Mg and Ti,as compared to the ether oxygen atom.The XPS results showed that the ratio of Ti^(3+)/Ti^(4+)could be changed by internal electron donors.When Ti3+content was nearly 99%in the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system,isotactic polypropylene with an ultra-high molecular weight of up to 1.42×10^(6)g/mol was obtained by Cat.3.This result implied that internal electron donor ID3 could reduce theβ-hydride elimination reaction to further increase the molecular weight of the obtained polymer.

EFFECTS OF EXTERNAL DONOR ON ACTIVE CENTER DISTRIBUTION OF SUPPORTED ZIEGLER-NATTA CATALYST

The composition distribution (CD) and microisotacticity distribution (ID) of propene/1-hexene copolymer synthesized by MgCl2/DIBP/TiCl4 (DIBP: diisobutyl phthalate) were determined by fractionating the copolymers according to crystallinity and characterizing the fractions by (CNMR)-C-13. The effects of two alkoxysilane donors, triethoxyphenylsilane (PTES) and dimethoxydi-tert-butylsilane (TBMS), on CD and ID of the copolymers were compared. Three main parts in the CD diagram of each copolymer were distinguished, which were correlated to active center distribution (ACD) based on three groups of different active centers. By studying the changes in l-hexene content, microisotacticity and reactivity ratio product of three typical fractions, the effects of external donor on ACD were better elucidated. It was found that TBMS shows much stronger effects on ACD than PTES. In the former system, most fractions were produced on active centers with relatively lower r(1)r(2), higher reactivity to I-hexene, and higher stereospecificity as compared to the system without external donor. It is concluded that the observed very extensive changes in ACD are mainly resulted by the formation of new types of active centers, possibly by coordination of external donor to certain positions on the catalyst.

Study on the distribution of active centers in novel low Ti-loading MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst

Novel MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalysts prepared using a new one-pot ball milling method can effectively control the amounts of Ti-loading in the catalysts. Complex GPC data on polypropylene synthesized by these novel catalysts were analyzed using the method of fitting the molecular weight distribution (MWD) curves with a multiple Flory-Schulz function. It was found that multiple active centers exist in these novel catalysts. Detailed study of the effects of the Ti-loadings in the catalysts on the distribution of the active centers showed that the Ti-loadings in the novel MgCl2-supported Z-N catalysts might affect the proportion of each type of active centers; and might be the main factor responsible for the effect of the Ti-loadings on the microstructure, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution width of the resultant polymer, the catalytic activity and polymerization kinetics.

DEPENDENCE OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE CENTERS ON MONOMER IN SUPPORTED ZIEGLER-NATTA CATALYSTS

Distribution of active centers(ACD)of ethylene or 1-hexene homopolymerization and ethylene-1-hexene copolymerization with a MgCl_2/TiCl_4 type Z-N catalyst were studied by deconvolution of the polymer molecular weight distribution into multiple Flory components.Each Flory component is thought to be formed by a certain type of active center. ACD of ethylene-1-hexene copolymer with very low 1-hexene incorporation was compared with that of ethylene homopolymer to see the effect of introducingα-olefin on ethyle...

POISONING OF ACTIVE SITES ON ZIEGLER-NATTA CATALYST FOR PROPYLENE POLYMERIZATION

The effects of poisoning materials on catalytic activity and isospecificity of the supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst were investigated.A minor amount of simple structure of Lewis base,i.e.,methanol,acetone,ethyl acetate,was introduced into the catalyst slurry for partial poisoning catalytic active centers.It was found that the variations in deactivation power were in the order of methanol>acetone>ethyl acetate.The kinetic investigation via stopped-flow polymerization showed that poisoning compounds cau...

A New Method for Dissolving MgCl_2 for Preparation of Ziegler-Natta Propylene Polymerization Catalysts

A new method for the activation of crystalline magnesium chloride by polyethylene glycol was described. Polyethylene glycol could solubilize crystalline magnesium chloride. The resulting solution was used for the preparation of Ziegler-Natta propylene polymerization catalysts. These catalysts are highly active and stereospecific. The relationship between the catalytic activity and the Al/Ti ratio was studied in detail.

EFFECTS OF REACTION AND PROCESSING PARAMETERS ON ETHYLENE POLYMERIZATION USING DIFFERENT ZIEGLER-NATTA CATALYSTS:EMPLOYMENT OF TAGUCHI EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AND RESPONSE SURFACE METHOD

Different Ziegler-Natta catalysts were employed to polymerize ethylene. To investigate the influences of reaction parameters, namely Al/Ti molar ratio, hydrogen and processing parameters, i.e. ethylene pressure and temperature, a Taguchi experimental design was worked out. An L27 orthogonal array was chosen to take the above-mentioned parameters and relevant interactions into account. Response surface method was the tool used to analyze the experimental design results. Al/Ti, ethylene pressure and temperature were selected as experimental design factors, and catalyst activity and polymerization yield were the response parameters. Increasing pressure, due to an increment in monomer accessibility, and rising Al/Ti, because of higher reduction in the catalysts, cause an increase in both polymerization yield and catalyst activity. Nonetheless, a higher temperature, thanks to reducing ethylene solubility in the slurry medium and partially catalyst destruction, lead to a reduction in both response parameters. A synergistic effect was also observed between temperature and pressure. All catalyst activities will reduce in the presence of hydrogen. Molecular weight also shows a decline in the presence of hydrogen as a transfer agent. However, the polydispersity index remains approximately intact. Using SEM, various morphologies, owing to different catalyst morphologies, were seen for the polyethylene.

Synthesis of PE with Broad MWD Catalyzed by Supported Ziegler-Natta Catalyst Consisting of Cycloalkoxy Silane as IED

Two kinds of cycloalkoxy silane compounds were synthesized and used as the internal electron donors （IEDs） of supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst for ethylene polymerization to produce polyethylene with broader molecular weight distribution （MWD）, The effect of the structure and the amount of these IEDs on the polymerization performance was in- vestigated. The results implied that the molecular weight distribution of the obtained polyethylene could be adjusted by the incorporation of IEDs. SEM result showed that the morphology of catalyst particle was spherical and uniform in size distribution. The titanium content of these catalysts was higher, the active TiCl4 species were easily anchored on the support than that without adding IED, which was determined by ICE The GPC result confirmed that the polyethylene with broader molecular weight distribution in the range of from 23.4 to 25.6 was obtained using triethoxy-（-cyclopentyloxy）-silane （ED1） and triethoxy-（-cyclohexyloxyl）- silane （ED2） as the internal electron donors.

球形Ziegler-Natta催化剂在中石化环管聚丙烯工艺装置的应用

在中国石化茂名分公司国产第二代环管聚丙烯工艺装置上,采用国产球形Ziegler-Natta催化剂(催化剂1)生产了PPH-T03、N-Z30S和PPR-M55-S三种牌号聚丙烯。研究了球形催化剂在生产三种牌号聚丙烯时的催化剂效率和氢调性,同时分析了各牌号聚丙烯的粉料粒径及产品质量,并将其与另一个国产球形催化剂(催化剂2)进行了对比分析。实验结果表明,与催化剂2相比,两种催化剂生产的聚丙烯在产品质量上相当,但催化剂1的氢调性更加优异,更有利于装置生产高熔融指数产品。

用球形Ziegler-Natta催化剂制备PE/PP原位合金的相态结构研究

通过偏光显微镜、扫描电镜观察了用球形Ziegler-Natta催化剂制备的PE/PP原位合金的结晶形貌和相态结构,随着无规乙丙共聚物和多嵌段乙丙共聚物含量的减少,合金中的球晶的粒径逐渐变大,合金中的两相之间的界面也更加清晰。随着合金中无规乙丙共聚物和多嵌段乙丙共聚物含量的增加,其屈服断裂程度越来越明显,抗冲强度也越好。

球形MgCl_2负载Ziegler-Natta催化剂的制备及内给电子体作用机理的研究

应用低速搅拌法制备了球形MgCl2·nEtOH载体,Ticl4处理两次,氩气鼓泡法较好地控制了催化剂的颗粒形态,将所制得的球形催化剂催化丙烯聚合得到颗粒形态较好的球形聚丙烯颗粒。研究表明,内给电子体参与活性中心的形成,影响聚合物的规整性,并提出了可能的作用机理。

丙烯聚合用高效球形Ziegler-Natta催化剂制备工艺研究进展

综述了丙烯聚合用高效球形Ziegler-Natta催化剂的两种通用制备方法及其研究进展。采用负载法制备球形催化剂主要包括球形载体的制备和用Ti Cl4处理。乙醇含量不同,球形载体的结构不同,从而会影响催化剂的性能;Ti Cl4的处理温度、处理次数和内给电子体的加入情况等直接影响所制催化剂的性能。采用沉淀析出法制备球形催化剂是通过反应析出法直接得到球形催化剂,所制催化剂的性能主要由催化剂制备工艺决定。催化剂的性能可以通过制备路线和工艺进行有效调控,从而满足不同场合的需求。

合成等规聚丙烯用球形MgCl_2负载Ziegler-Natta催化剂的研究进展

负载型球形Ziegler Natta催化剂是球形等规聚丙烯合成的关键环节。综述了球形MgCl2 载体制备、TiCl4负载。

聚丙烯用Ziegler-Natta催化剂载体的制备

采用自行设计的搅拌反应釜,通过细管挤出法制备了球形Mg Cl2载体,用粒径分析仪、SEM、TG等方法对试样进行了表征,并考察了反应釜和成型釜的转速、分散剂总量及其配比、反应釜压力和Mg Cl2与乙醇的摩尔比(醇镁比)对球形Mg Cl2载体性能的影响。实验结果表明,优选的制备条件为:反应釜转速2 000 r/min、成型釜转速600 r/min、分散剂总量12 m L(基于1 g Mg Cl2)、V(甲基硅油)∶V(液体石蜡)=1∶2、反应釜压力0.3 MPa、醇镁比为3∶1。在此条件下制得的球形Mg Cl2载体的形态和流动性好。利用该载体制备的聚丙烯催化剂的表面光滑密实,在用于丙烯本体聚合时1 g催化剂可生成4.2×104g球形聚丙烯,所得聚丙烯颗粒呈均匀球形,基本实现了从载体到催化剂、再到聚合物的完美复制。

Novel MgCl2-supported Catalysts Containing Succinate Donors for Propylene Polymerization

A novel MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst containing diethyl diisopropylsuccinate donor was prepared and propylene polymerizations with the combination of such catalyst and four external donors were investigated in detail. The catalyst was compared with a commercial one with phthalate as internal donor in terms of catalytic activity, hydrogen sensitivity and stereospecificity in propylene polymerization. The molecular weight,molecular weight distribution and microstructure of the produced polypropylenes were compared also. It was found that the novel catalyst containing succinate internal donor showed higher activity and higher stereospecificity than those with phthalate as internal donor. Consequently, polypropylenes obtained by the succinate-based catalyst showed high molecular weight, high melting temperature, high isotactic index and broad molecular weight distribution than those obtained with the commercial catalyst.