Temperature Dependence of Raman Scattering in 4H-SiC Films under Different Growth Conditions

The microRaman scattering of 4H-SiC films, fabricated by low pressure chemical vapor deposition under different growth conditions, is investigated at temperatures ranging from 80 K to 550K. The effects of growth conditions on E2 （TO）, E1 （TO） and A1 （LO） phonon mode frequencies are negligible. The temperature dependences of phonon linewidth and lifetime of E2 （TO） modes are analyzed in terms of an anharmonic damping effect induced by thermal and growth conditions. The results show that the lifetime of E2 （TO） mode increases when the quality of the sample improves. Unlike other phone modes, Raman shift of A1 （longitudinal optical plasma coupling （LOPC）） mode does not decrease monotonously when the temperature increases, but tends to blueshift at low temperatures and to redshift at relatively high temperatures. Theoretical analyses are given for the abnormal phenomena of A1 （LOPC） mode in 4H-SiC.

Size Dependence of First-order Hyperpolarizability of CdS Nanoparticles Studied by Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering

The second-order optical nonlinearity of CdS nanoparticles with different diameters of 28.0, 30.0, 31.5, 50.0, and 91.0 A was studied by hyper-Rayleigh scattering technique. Results show that the first-order hyperpolarizability P value per CdS partiele decreases as size is reduced to diameter of 31.5 A; however, as CdS size further decreases, this trend is reversed and (J value increases. Substantially, the normalized P value per CdS formula unit, β0, exhibits systematic enhancement with decreasing size. This phenomenon is interpreted in terms of a so-called surfaee contribution mechanism.

Temperature dependences of Raman scattering in different types of GaN epilayers

First-order Raman scatterings of hexagonal GaN layers deposited by the hydride vapour phase epitaxy and by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition on SiC and sapphire substrates are studied in a temperature range between 303 K and 503 K. The temperature dependences of two GaN Raman modes （Al （LO） and E2 （high）） are obtained. We focus our attention on the temperature dependence of E2 （high） mode and find that for different types of GaN epilayers their temperature dependences are somewhat different. We compare their differences and give them an explanation. The simplified formulas we obtained are in good accordance with experiment data. The results can be used to determine the temperature of a GaN sample.

Dynamics of solitons in Bose-Einstein condensate with time-dependent atomic scattering length

The evolution of solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates （BECs） with time-dependent atomic scattering length in an expulsive parabolic potential is studied. Based on the extended hyperbolic function method, we successfully obtain the bright and dark soliton solutions. In addition, some new soliton solutions in this model are found. The results in this paper include some in the literature （Phys. Rev. Lett. 94（2005）050402 and Chin. Phys. Lett. 22（2005） 1855）.

Solitons in Bose-Einstein Condensates with Time-Dependent Atomic Scattering Length in a Harmonic Trap

We obtain the integrable relation for the one-dimensional nonlinear Sehrdinger equations which describesthe dynamics of a Bose-Einstein Condensates with time-dependent scattering length in a harmonic potential.The exactone-and two-soliton solutions are constructed analytically by using the Hirota method.Then we further discuss thedynamics of the one soliton and the interactions between two solitons in currently experimental conditions.

K^- Nucleus Elastic Scattering and Momentum-Dependent Optical Potentials

The K-nucleus differential elastic scattering cross section for 12C and 40 Ca at pκ = 800 Me V/c is calculated with three momentum-dependent optical potential models,which are density-dependent,relativistic mean field,and hybrid model,respectively.It is found that the forms of momentum-dependent optical potential models proposed by us are reasonable and gain success in the calculations and the momentum-dependent hybrid model is the best model for the K- nucleus elastic scattering.

Dynamics of Periodic Waves in Bose-Einstein Condensate with Time-Dependent Atomic Scattering Length

在有时间依赖者的 Bose 爱因斯坦冷凝物(BEC ) 的周期的波浪和独居的波浪的进化在一个逐出的抛物线的潜力的原子散布长度被学习。基于印射的变丑方法，我们成功地获得周期的波浪答案和独居的波浪答案，包括明亮、黑暗的 soliton 答案。在这篇论文的结果在文学包括一些[Phys。加快。Lett。94 (2005 ) 050402 并且下巴。Phys。Lett。22 (2005 ) 1855 ] 。

Sea-surface acoustic backscattering measurement at 6–25 kHz in the Yellow Sea

Sea-surface acoustic backscattering measurements at moderate to high frequencies were performed in the shallow water of the south Yellow Sea, using omnidirectional spherical sources and omnidirectional hydrophones. Sea-surface backscattering data for frequencies in the 6–25 k Hz range and wind speeds of(3.0±0.5)and(4.5±1.0) m/s were obtained from two adjacent experimental sites, respectively. Computation of sea-surface backscattering strength using bistatic transducer is described. Finally, we calculated sea-surface backscattering strengths at grazing angles in the range of 16°–85°. We find that the measured backscattering strengths agree reasonably well with those predicted by using second order small-roughness perturbation approximation method with "PM" roughness spectrum for all frequencies at grazing angles ranged from 40° to 80°. The backscattering strengths varied slightly at grazing angles of 16°–40°, and were much stronger than roughness scattering. It is speculated that scattering from bubbles dominates the backscattering strengths at high wind speeds and small grazing angles. At the same frequencies and moderate to high grazing angles, the results show that the backscattering strengths at a wind speed of(4.5±1.0) m/s were approximately 5 d B higher than those at a wind speed of(3.0±0.5) m/s. However, the discrepancies of backscattering strength at low grazing angles were more than 10 d B. Furthermore the backscattering strengths exhibited no significant frequency dependence at 3 m/s wind speed. At a wind speed of 4.5 m/s, the scattering strengths increased at low grazing angles but decreased at high grazing angles with increasing grazing angle.

STUDY ON THE CONCENTRATION DEPENDENCE OF ORIENTATION OF POLYSTYRENE ON SILVER BY THE SERS TECHNIQUE

Polystyrene films were adsorbed onto a silver surface from dichloromethane solutions with concentrations of 0.1 to 12 wt%, and then studied by the surface enhanced Raman technique. A critical concentration for coil interpenetration was observed.

Effect of 6H-SiC (1120) substrate on epitaxial graphene revealed by Raman scattering

A nonpolar SiC（1120） substrate has been used to fabricate epitaxial graphene （EG）. Two EGs with layer numbers of 8-10 （referred to as MLG） and 2-3 （referred to as FLG） were used as representative to study the substrate effect on EG through temperature-dependent Raman scattering. It is found that Raman lineshifts of G and 2D peaks of the MLG with temperature are consistent with that of free graphene, as predicted by theory calculation, indicating that the substrate influence on the MLG is undetectable. While Raman G peak lineshifts of the FLG to that of the free graphene are obvious, however, its lineshift rate （-0.016 cm-1/K） is almost one third of that （-0.043 cm-1/K） of an EG on 6H-SiC （0001） in the temperature range from 300 K to 400 K, indicating a weak substrate effect from SiC （1120） on the FLG. This renders the FLG with a high mobility around 1812 cm2.V-1 .s -1 at room temperature even with a very high carrier concentration about 2.95 × 10 ^13 cm-2 （p-type）. These suggest SiC （1120） is more suitable for fabricating EG with high performance.

Surface Corrugation in Rotational and Diffractive Scattering of O_2 from LiF(001)

A quantum dynamic calculation on a five-dimensional O2/LiF （001） model system is performed using themulti-configuration time-dependent Hartree method.The obtained results show that the mechanism of rotational anddiffractive excitation in details: Comparison with the rotational excited state, the initially non-rotational state is seento favor the inelastic scattering in the rotational excitation process.The surface corrugation can damp the quantuminterferences and produce a greater amount of rotational inelastic scattering at the expense of the elastic process inthe rotational excitation process.The diffraction process and the average energy transferred into the rotational anddiffractive mode are also discussed.

Comparison of Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering Spectra of Two Kinds of Silver Nanoplate Films

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering（SERS） spectra of different silver nanoplate selt-assembled tllmS at different excitation wavelengths were fairly compared. Shape conversion from silver nanoprisms to nanodisks on slides was in situ carried out. The SERS spectra of 4-mercaptopyridine（4-MPY） on these anisotropic silver nanopar- ticle self-assembled films present that strong enhancement appeared when the excitation line and the surface plasmon resonance（SPR） band of silver substrate overlapped. In this model, the influence of the crystal planes of silver na- noplates on SERS enhancement could be ignored because the basal planes were nearly unchanged in two kinds of silver nanoplate self-assembled films.

Atomic mass dependence of hadron production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic lepton-nucleus scattering

Hadron production in lepton-nucleus deep inelastic scattering is studied in a quark energy loss model. The leading-order computations for hadron multiplicity ratios are presented and compared with the selected HERMES pions production data with the quark hadronization occurring outside the nucleus by means of the hadron formation time. It is found that the obtained energy loss per unit length is 0.440±0.013 GeV/fm for an outgoing quark by the global fit. It is confirmed that the atomic mass number dependence of hadron attenuation is theoretically and experimentally in good agreement with the A2/3 power law for quark hadronization occurring outside the nucleus,

基于非线性相关源雪崩管模型的恒虚警激光测距电路仿真试验研究

依据雪崩光电二极管(APD)产品数据手册中雪崩增益、噪声(温度)与偏压的相关关系通过曲线拟合建立了APD输入、输出和偏压控制的函数模型,并基于非线性相关源控件构建了APD的电路仿真模型。设计了具有恒虚警APD偏压自动控制以及防近程散射时间增益控制的测距电路,引入自动增益控制信号,完成了恒虚警激光测距电路的全闭环动态仿真试验研究。仿真结果表明,恒虚警测距电路可根据虚警率设计值自动捕捉APD最佳雪崩增益工作偏压,虚警率每百毫秒60~70次时最小可探测光功率达到25 nW,与实际值接近,验证了恒虚警全闭环仿真模型的可行性。

银纳米线表面增强拉曼散射的偏振依赖性研究

近年来,一系列新型低维金属纳米材料相继涌现,展现出优异的性能。这些材料与表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)技术相结合,显示出巨大的应用潜力。形貌与取向调控是低维金属纳米材料SERS应用的重要策略。主要采用多元醇还原法制备了高质量、各向异性的银纳米线结构,进一步以罗丹明6G分子作为探针,来研究入射光偏振方向对银纳米线拉曼信号的影响。结果表明,由于纳米线具有各向异性,所以当入射光方向与纳米线长轴近乎垂直时,获得的SERS信号最强。反之,当入射光方向与纳米线长轴成0°夹角时,得到的SERS信号最弱。通过对基于各向异性基底SERS光谱的偏振依赖性研究,有利于更深入地理解SERS机理,同时也有利于人们在不利用任何外部装置的情况下更好的调控SERS强度。

Wavelength dependence of light propagation in a water suspension of anisotropic scatterers

We experimentally study the wavelength dependence of light propagation in a water suspension of lithium niobate microcrystalline particles.First,the ballistic transmission in the visible range of the suspension is measured.The nonlinear relationship is observed between the transport mean free path and the wavelength of the incident light.Secondly,we measure the coherent backscattering (CBS) of the sample at different wavelengths.The full width at half maximum of the CBS cone at 532 nm is about 1.24 times as large as that at 671 nm.The results indicate that the light with a long wavelength propagates further than the short wavelength light and the localization state of the short one is stronger.Finally,we investigate the light-controllable CBS experiments in the disordered materials of anisotropic scatterers,which show that the configuration of pump light with the longer wavelength and the probe light with the shorter wavelength performs better.

High Performance Algorithms Based on a New Wavelet Expansion for Time Dependent Acoustic Obstacle Scattering

This paper presents a highly parallelizable numerical method to solve time dependent acoustic obstacle scattering problems.The method proposed is a generalization of the“operator expansion method”developed by Recchioni and Zirilli[SIAM J.Sci.Comput.,25(2003),1158-1186].The numerical method proposed reduces,via a perturbative approach,the solution of the scattering problem to the solution of a sequence of systems of first kind integral equations.The numerical solution of these systems of integral equations is challenging when scattering problems involving realistic obstacles and small wavelengths are solved.A computational method has been developed to solve these challenging problems with affordable computing resources.To this aim a new way of using the wavelet transform and new bases of wavelets are introduced,and a version of the operator expansion method is developed that constructs directly element by element in a fully parallelizable way.Several numerical experiments involving realistic obstacles and“small”wavelengths are proposed and high dimensional vector spaces are used in the numerical experiments.To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm on parallel computing facilities,appropriate speed up factors are introduced and evaluated.

La_(0.67)Ba_(0.33)MnO_3中Bi掺杂产生的低场磁电阻增强效应

将Bi2 O3掺杂到溶胶 凝胶法制备的La0 .6 7Ba0 .33MnO3(LBMO)微粉中 ,结果发现随着Bi的掺杂 ,材料的磁化强度和居里温度基本不变 ,但电阻率发生明显变化 ,在 0～ 10 % (摩尔分数 )的掺杂范围内 ,电阻率先急速上升后缓慢降低。掺Bi可以使低温下的低场磁电阻得到显著增强 ,但并不改变与双交换作用有关的本征磁电阻 ;掺Bi也使室温下的磁电阻得到明显增强。

金属颗粒膜巨磁电阻效应的机制和影响因素

由于巨磁电阻效应在磁记录设备和传感器的潜在应用,具有该效应的材料得到了广泛地研究。特别是继金属多层膜之后的金属磁性颗粒膜,由于其制备简单,巨磁电阻效应的机理较为复杂,受到人们的青睐。本文综述了金属磁性颗粒膜中巨磁电阻效应的自旋相关散射机制和影响因素。在此基础上,指出了当前值得注意的研究方向。