Objective:The study was conducted with the aim of determining the spiritual well-being(SWB)of nursing students and its association with quality of life(QOL).Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional analytical study was...Objective:The study was conducted with the aim of determining the spiritual well-being(SWB)of nursing students and its association with quality of life(QOL).Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with a sample size of 504 nursing students collected from January 2023 to March 2023 in the nursing institutes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Pakistan,using convenient sampling techniques.A Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure(SHALOM)questionnaire for SWB and K-27 QOL(K-27 QOL)instrument were used for data collection that contains three parts.Results:The number of female participants was in the majority(50.4%)compared to male nurses(49.6%).The overall mean score of SWB of the students was 3.79±0.48,while the mean K-27 QOL score was 3.73±0.57.There were significant differences between the groups of gender(P=0.001),while no significant difference within the groups of semester(P=0.061)and college status(0.285).In QOL,there were significant differences within the groups of semester(P=0.000)and college status(P=0.036)while no significant difference in gender category(P=0.480).SHALOM score is positively and moderately correlated with QOL score(r=0.597,P<0.05).Conclusion:Spiritual practices are one of the important factors that are associated positively with QOL,therefore to enhance the QOL,it will require spiritual practices.展开更多
This study reviewed scholarly articles on the relationship between Christian spirituality and mental health published in academic journals from 1980 to 2022.The review analyzed findings from 44 studies that likely use...This study reviewed scholarly articles on the relationship between Christian spirituality and mental health published in academic journals from 1980 to 2022.The review analyzed findings from 44 studies that likely used various research methods like surveys,interviews,and experiments.The results reveal a consistent link between Christian beliefs,such as faith,hope,and love,and positive mental health outcomes.Most studies focused on the therapeutic effects of Christian spirituality in alleviating mental disturbances and improving well-being.However,the review also identified gaps in the literature,including a lack of research on the relationship between Christian spirituality and mental illness,small sample sizes,and a lack of cross-cultural and cross-religious investigations.The article emphasizes the importance of addressing these limitations to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between mental health and spirituality.展开更多
This paper explores the intersection of spirituality and religion,focusing on how transcendence,secularism,and personal beliefs shape contemporary spiritual practices.It examines the philosophical foundations of trans...This paper explores the intersection of spirituality and religion,focusing on how transcendence,secularism,and personal beliefs shape contemporary spiritual practices.It examines the philosophical foundations of transcendence,the rise of existentialism,and the distinction between spirituality and religion.Secularism's role in fostering personal spirituality and reducing religious authority is discussed,alongside the psychological and societal impacts of spiritual transcendence.The paper also critiques the limitations of spirituality,emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that integrates cognitive development and mental health perspectives.展开更多
This paper explores the evolution of religious experience from ancient nature worship and ancestor reverence to modern individualized spirituality.It examines how early spiritual practices were deeply intertwined with...This paper explores the evolution of religious experience from ancient nature worship and ancestor reverence to modern individualized spirituality.It examines how early spiritual practices were deeply intertwined with daily life,later becoming institutionalized through formalized religions with complex rituals and doctrines.The rise of mysticism,emphasizing personal connections with the divine,persisted alongside institutional religions.In contemporary society,the shift towards"spiritual but not religious"reflects a return to personalized spiritual paths,driven by individualism and the desire for direct,meaningful spiritual experiences.This trend's implications for both individuals and society are also discussed.展开更多
This paper aims to analyze and evaluate a model of forest conservation and management of ethnic minority (or indigenous) people in central Vietnam, often referred to as the spiritual forest. These forests, called sacr...This paper aims to analyze and evaluate a model of forest conservation and management of ethnic minority (or indigenous) people in central Vietnam, often referred to as the spiritual forest. These forests, called sacred forest or ghost forests by the ethnic minority people in Thua Thien Hue province, have existed for a long time among forest residents. However, they have recently declined, both in quality and quantity, due to various factors, including changes in society, economy, environment, and perception, among other reasons. Based on research conducted in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province with household interviews, group discussions, and field surveys, we find that spiritual forest retains religious and human significance. They are also often among the last remaining natural forests left due to deforestation by human activities. The research results indicate challenges that conservation of spiritual forest may face, while giving recommendations derived from communities for sustainable forest development and conservation in the region.展开更多
By studying close links between classical Chinese gardens and traditional Chinese cultures,it was stressed that spiritual characteristics pursued by classical Chinese gardens were inevitable components of their expres...By studying close links between classical Chinese gardens and traditional Chinese cultures,it was stressed that spiritual characteristics pursued by classical Chinese gardens were inevitable components of their expression forms,which were also closely related to classical Chinese philosophy,social system and other cultural phenomena.Characteristics of classical Chinese gardens in terms of psychology were analyzed,and it was proposed that they had particular cultural connotations in the spiritual expression and appeal,that is,natural view of "human-nature oneness",etiquette culture of "coordinating with the nature by etiquette",seclusion view of "living in seclusion and pursuing a peaceful life".Concrete expressions of spiritual cultures in classical Chinese gardens were discussed,specifically,the expression of natural views was demonstrated as "respecting the nature,all creatures having its own course(Tao,way of evolution),adopting measures suiting local conditions,skillfully borrowing from other landscapes,simulating natural landscapes";as for the expression of seclusion view,it was demonstrated as the expression of seclusion cultures by inscriptions and steles,the expression of "seclusion" by implicit garden settings;etiquette and hierarchy of classical Chinese gardens were discussed from the perspective of private garden layout and residence construction.On this basis,spiritual world of ancient Chinese were further stu-died,mental patterns of Chinese were believed as the source of classical gardens,and what those hills,water,plants,architecture as well as their combinations expressed were spiritual pursuits of Chinese people.展开更多
This paper mainly analyzes the spiritual salvation of the protagonist Adela in the novel. In the early 20 thcentury, India is under the British colonial rule and Indians suffer a lot from it. India lacks autonomy and ...This paper mainly analyzes the spiritual salvation of the protagonist Adela in the novel. In the early 20 thcentury, India is under the British colonial rule and Indians suffer a lot from it. India lacks autonomy and there is a wide racial gap between the British and Indians. In this context, Adela has deeply-rooted prejudice against Indians at first, whose discrimination makes her falsely accuse Aziz of attempting to rape her. However, merging into the Indian society gives Adela a chance to see the goodness of Indians, and finally her racial prejudice is eliminated.展开更多
Enoch Arden is a narrative poem by Alfred Tennyson,which turns out to be the record of the process of its hero's spiritual journey and can be interpreted from the perspectives of the description of natural landscape.
Rip Van Winkle is one of the most enduring stories of Washington Irving. It is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow "stepped outside of the mainstream of life" (Chang Yao-xin, 1991: 62). Rip Van Winkle liv...Rip Van Winkle is one of the most enduring stories of Washington Irving. It is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow "stepped outside of the mainstream of life" (Chang Yao-xin, 1991: 62). Rip Van Winkle lived in a village near the Hudson River north of New York City. He was a simple, good-natured man; he was, moreover, a kind neighbor and an obedient hen-pecked husband. Yet Rip was lazy and this kept him in constant trouble with his wife. His two favorite past-times were sitting in front of the inn, chatting with his friends, and wandering through the mountains with his dog, Wolf. On one of these trips he met a strange dwarf who invited him to join him and other strange-looking dwarfs in a drinking party and a game called nine-pins, in a remote valley. Rip drank too much of beverage and fell asleep. When he woke up, he found that during just one night, twenty years had vanished and strangers were everywhere. His scolding wife had died, and his son, every bit his counterpart in appearance and personality had grown up to replace him. At last he was reunited with a married daughter and began to live a life the same as before.展开更多
The rapid development of science and technology brought about fundamental doubts about the traditional values and ethics which inevitably led to a spiritual crisis.Salinger had realized that with the deepening of the ...The rapid development of science and technology brought about fundamental doubts about the traditional values and ethics which inevitably led to a spiritual crisis.Salinger had realized that with the deepening of the industrialization and mechanization in the capitalist society,the rationality and the materialistic civilization that highly advocated by westerners have come to an extreme.Salinger turned to the east culture and hoped to seek for a way to save the west from the spiritual crisis.展开更多
文摘Objective:The study was conducted with the aim of determining the spiritual well-being(SWB)of nursing students and its association with quality of life(QOL).Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with a sample size of 504 nursing students collected from January 2023 to March 2023 in the nursing institutes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Pakistan,using convenient sampling techniques.A Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure(SHALOM)questionnaire for SWB and K-27 QOL(K-27 QOL)instrument were used for data collection that contains three parts.Results:The number of female participants was in the majority(50.4%)compared to male nurses(49.6%).The overall mean score of SWB of the students was 3.79±0.48,while the mean K-27 QOL score was 3.73±0.57.There were significant differences between the groups of gender(P=0.001),while no significant difference within the groups of semester(P=0.061)and college status(0.285).In QOL,there were significant differences within the groups of semester(P=0.000)and college status(P=0.036)while no significant difference in gender category(P=0.480).SHALOM score is positively and moderately correlated with QOL score(r=0.597,P<0.05).Conclusion:Spiritual practices are one of the important factors that are associated positively with QOL,therefore to enhance the QOL,it will require spiritual practices.
文摘This study reviewed scholarly articles on the relationship between Christian spirituality and mental health published in academic journals from 1980 to 2022.The review analyzed findings from 44 studies that likely used various research methods like surveys,interviews,and experiments.The results reveal a consistent link between Christian beliefs,such as faith,hope,and love,and positive mental health outcomes.Most studies focused on the therapeutic effects of Christian spirituality in alleviating mental disturbances and improving well-being.However,the review also identified gaps in the literature,including a lack of research on the relationship between Christian spirituality and mental illness,small sample sizes,and a lack of cross-cultural and cross-religious investigations.The article emphasizes the importance of addressing these limitations to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between mental health and spirituality.
文摘This paper explores the intersection of spirituality and religion,focusing on how transcendence,secularism,and personal beliefs shape contemporary spiritual practices.It examines the philosophical foundations of transcendence,the rise of existentialism,and the distinction between spirituality and religion.Secularism's role in fostering personal spirituality and reducing religious authority is discussed,alongside the psychological and societal impacts of spiritual transcendence.The paper also critiques the limitations of spirituality,emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that integrates cognitive development and mental health perspectives.
文摘This paper explores the evolution of religious experience from ancient nature worship and ancestor reverence to modern individualized spirituality.It examines how early spiritual practices were deeply intertwined with daily life,later becoming institutionalized through formalized religions with complex rituals and doctrines.The rise of mysticism,emphasizing personal connections with the divine,persisted alongside institutional religions.In contemporary society,the shift towards"spiritual but not religious"reflects a return to personalized spiritual paths,driven by individualism and the desire for direct,meaningful spiritual experiences.This trend's implications for both individuals and society are also discussed.
文摘This paper aims to analyze and evaluate a model of forest conservation and management of ethnic minority (or indigenous) people in central Vietnam, often referred to as the spiritual forest. These forests, called sacred forest or ghost forests by the ethnic minority people in Thua Thien Hue province, have existed for a long time among forest residents. However, they have recently declined, both in quality and quantity, due to various factors, including changes in society, economy, environment, and perception, among other reasons. Based on research conducted in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province with household interviews, group discussions, and field surveys, we find that spiritual forest retains religious and human significance. They are also often among the last remaining natural forests left due to deforestation by human activities. The research results indicate challenges that conservation of spiritual forest may face, while giving recommendations derived from communities for sustainable forest development and conservation in the region.
文摘By studying close links between classical Chinese gardens and traditional Chinese cultures,it was stressed that spiritual characteristics pursued by classical Chinese gardens were inevitable components of their expression forms,which were also closely related to classical Chinese philosophy,social system and other cultural phenomena.Characteristics of classical Chinese gardens in terms of psychology were analyzed,and it was proposed that they had particular cultural connotations in the spiritual expression and appeal,that is,natural view of "human-nature oneness",etiquette culture of "coordinating with the nature by etiquette",seclusion view of "living in seclusion and pursuing a peaceful life".Concrete expressions of spiritual cultures in classical Chinese gardens were discussed,specifically,the expression of natural views was demonstrated as "respecting the nature,all creatures having its own course(Tao,way of evolution),adopting measures suiting local conditions,skillfully borrowing from other landscapes,simulating natural landscapes";as for the expression of seclusion view,it was demonstrated as the expression of seclusion cultures by inscriptions and steles,the expression of "seclusion" by implicit garden settings;etiquette and hierarchy of classical Chinese gardens were discussed from the perspective of private garden layout and residence construction.On this basis,spiritual world of ancient Chinese were further stu-died,mental patterns of Chinese were believed as the source of classical gardens,and what those hills,water,plants,architecture as well as their combinations expressed were spiritual pursuits of Chinese people.
文摘This paper mainly analyzes the spiritual salvation of the protagonist Adela in the novel. In the early 20 thcentury, India is under the British colonial rule and Indians suffer a lot from it. India lacks autonomy and there is a wide racial gap between the British and Indians. In this context, Adela has deeply-rooted prejudice against Indians at first, whose discrimination makes her falsely accuse Aziz of attempting to rape her. However, merging into the Indian society gives Adela a chance to see the goodness of Indians, and finally her racial prejudice is eliminated.
文摘Enoch Arden is a narrative poem by Alfred Tennyson,which turns out to be the record of the process of its hero's spiritual journey and can be interpreted from the perspectives of the description of natural landscape.
文摘Rip Van Winkle is one of the most enduring stories of Washington Irving. It is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow "stepped outside of the mainstream of life" (Chang Yao-xin, 1991: 62). Rip Van Winkle lived in a village near the Hudson River north of New York City. He was a simple, good-natured man; he was, moreover, a kind neighbor and an obedient hen-pecked husband. Yet Rip was lazy and this kept him in constant trouble with his wife. His two favorite past-times were sitting in front of the inn, chatting with his friends, and wandering through the mountains with his dog, Wolf. On one of these trips he met a strange dwarf who invited him to join him and other strange-looking dwarfs in a drinking party and a game called nine-pins, in a remote valley. Rip drank too much of beverage and fell asleep. When he woke up, he found that during just one night, twenty years had vanished and strangers were everywhere. His scolding wife had died, and his son, every bit his counterpart in appearance and personality had grown up to replace him. At last he was reunited with a married daughter and began to live a life the same as before.
文摘The rapid development of science and technology brought about fundamental doubts about the traditional values and ethics which inevitably led to a spiritual crisis.Salinger had realized that with the deepening of the industrialization and mechanization in the capitalist society,the rationality and the materialistic civilization that highly advocated by westerners have come to an extreme.Salinger turned to the east culture and hoped to seek for a way to save the west from the spiritual crisis.
