Construction of Split-Plot Designs with General Minimum Lower Order Confounding

Fractional factorial split-plot design has been widely used in many fields due to its advantage of saving experimental cost. The general minimum lower order confounding criterion is usually used as one of the attractive design criterion for selecting fractional factorial split-plot design. In this paper, we are interested in the theoretical construction methods of the optimal fractional factorial split-plot designs under the general minimum lower order confounding criterion. We present the theoretical construction methods of optimal fractional factorial split-plot designs under general minimum lower order confounding criterion under several conditions.

裂-裂区设计及其方差分析

目的介绍裂-裂区设计及其方差分析。方法结合实例介绍裂-裂区设计中实验单位、实验因素级别的正确识别和合理安排,以便正确选择方差分析模型。结果只有正确识别裂-裂区设计中实验单位、实验因素的级别,才能获得正确的方差分析模型以及相应的分析结果。结论裂区及裂-裂区设计是采用区组化控制技术进行的多因素研究设计,是完全随机区组设计、拉丁方设计等的综合运用。

高阿丁枫人工中龄林生长对坡向和密度的响应

为了解高阿丁枫人工林的生长过程,2021年对林龄21 a的高阿丁枫人工林进行每木检尺,以胸径作为标准木选择的依据,西南坡不同密度中各选择1株,南坡不同密度中各选择3株高阿丁枫标准木作为解析木,分析不同坡向和造林密度组合的林木生长差异。结果表明:林龄21 a时,不同坡向和造林密度组合的高阿丁枫林木的平均胸径、树高和材积分别为17.60~20.78 cm、25.73~28.51 m和0.3186~0.4293 m3,林木尚处于旺盛的生长阶段;处理组合间以上生长量均呈现极显著的差异。林龄1~9、1~10、8~16 a期间分别是胸径、树高和材积的速生期,其连年生长量最高分别达2.19 cm/a、2.74 m/a和4.3966×10^(-2)m^(3)/a。坡向、密度及其交互作用显著或极显著地影响高阿丁枫林木的生长。高阿丁枫隶属热区长寿命大径材树种,速生期延续较长,其生长对立地和密度较为敏感。优质高效的高阿丁枫人工林培育应选择最适宜的立地和造林密度,并且适时开展密度的动态调控。综上所述,造林密度通过影响树高生长从而影响材积生长,南坡采用3 m×2 m×5 m非均匀密度造林的单株总材积最大。研究结果可应用于生产实践中高阿丁枫优质高效人工林培育的立地选择和密度控制。

Solar‑Driven Sustainability:Ⅲ–ⅤSemiconductor for Green Energy Production Technologies

Long-term societal prosperity depends on addressing the world’s energy and environmental problems,and photocatalysis has emerged as a viable remedy.Improving the efficiency of photocatalytic processes is fundamentally achieved by optimizing the effective utilization of solar energy and enhancing the efficient separation of photogenerated charges.It has been demonstrated that the fabrication ofⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductor-based photocatalysts is effective in increasing solar light absorption,long-term stability,large-scale production and promoting charge transfer.This focused review explores on the current developments inⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductor materials for solar-powered photocatalytic systems.The review explores on various subjects,including the advancement ofⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductors,photocatalytic mechanisms,and their uses in H2 conversion,CO_(2)reduction,environmental remediation,and photocatalytic oxidation and reduction reactions.In order to design heterostructures,the review delves into basic concepts including solar light absorption and effective charge separation.It also highlights significant advancements in green energy systems for water splitting,emphasizing the significance of establishing eco-friendly systems for CO_(2)reduction and hydrogen production.The main purpose is to produce hydrogen through sustainable and ecologically friendly energy conversion.The review intends to foster the development of greener and more sustainable energy source by encouraging researchers and developers to focus on practical applications and advancements in solar-powered photocatalysis.

应用不完全双列杂交及裂区-间比设计选育杂交水稻强优势组合

用 4个自选的新恢复系与 7个不育系 ,按不完全双列方式配组出 2 8个杂交组合 ,应用裂区 -间比设计进行品比试验分析 ,估算亲本 6个重要性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力。结果表明 :新选育的中九A/ Q0 2 6 85、K17A/ Q0 2 6 85、新香 A/ Q80 730等组合优势很强 ;新选育的恢复系 Q0 2 6 85、Q80 730一般配合力强。在优质育种上 ,以“同恢渗粳”方法选育的恢复系应选长粒、粒形长宽比大的不育系组配。

1,1-二氯乙烷萃取糠醛的模拟设计研究

文章采用Aspen Plus软件对萃取分离糠醛过程进行了模拟研究。结合Aspen Split软件,分别绘制了以氯仿、1,1-二氯乙烷、1,2-二氯乙烷为萃取剂的三元相图和剩余曲线图,并进行综合比较,最终选择1,1-二氯乙烷作为模拟萃取剂。根据相图和剩余曲线图,提出了两种可能的分离方案,并用Aspen Plus软件进行模拟分析。结果表明,两种分离方案均能得到合格的糠醛产品,但先萃取后精馏工艺(方案一)比先蒸馏后脱水工艺(方案二)节能95%。

Bounds on the maximum numbers of clear two-factor interactions for 2^((n1+n2)-(k1+k2)) fractional factorial split-plot designs

Fractional factorial split-plot (FFSP) designs have an important value of investigation for their special structures.There are two types of factors in an FFSP design: the whole-plot (WP) factors and sub-plot (SP) factors,which can form three types of two-factor interactions:WP2fi,WS2fi and SP2fi.This paper considers FFSP designs with resolution Ⅲ or Ⅳ under the clear effects criterion.It derives the upper and lower bounds on the maximum numbers of clear WP2fis and WS2fis for FFSP designs,and gives some methods for constructing the desired FFSP designs.It further examines the performance of the construction methods.

Split-plot designs with general minimum lower-order confounding

Split-plot designs have been widely used in industrial experiments.Up to now,most methods for choosing this kind of designs are based on the minimum aberration (MA) criterion.Recently,by introducing a new pattern,called aliased effect-number pattern (AENP),Zhang et al.proposed a general minimum lowerorder confounding (denoted by GMC for short) criterion and established a general minimum confounding (also denoted by GMC for saving notations) theory.It is proved that,the GMC criterion selects optimal designs in a more elaborate manner than the existing ones,and when an experimenter has a prior about the importance ordering of factors in experiments the GMC designs are better than other optimal designs.In this paper we extend the GMC criterion to the split-plot design case and give a GMC-FFSP criterion for ranking split-plot designs.Some comparisons of the new criterion with the MA-MSA-FFSP criterion are given,and the optimal 32-run split-plot designs up to 14 factors under the two criteria are tabulated for comparison and application.

Minimum secondary aberration fractional factorial split-plot designs in terms of consulting designs

It is very powerful for constructing nearly saturated factorial designs to characterize fractional factorial (FF) designs through their consulting designs when the consulting designs are small. Mukerjee and Fang employed the projective geometry theory to find the secondary wordlength pattern of a regular symmetrical fractional factorial split-plot (FFSP) design in terms of its complementary subset, but not in a unified form. In this paper, based on the connection between factorial design theory and coding theory, we obtain some general and unified combinatorial identities that relate the secondary wordlength pattern of a regular symmetrical or mixed-level FFSP design to that of its consulting design. According to these identities, we further establish some general and unified rules for identifying minimum secondary aberration, symmetrical or mixed-level, FFSP designs through their consulting designs.

Theory of optimal blocking for fractional factorial split-plot designs

The issue of optimal blocking for fractional factorial split-plot (FFSP) designs is considered under the two criteria of minimum aberration and maximum estimation capacity. The criteria of minimum secondary aberration (MSA) and maximum secondary estimation capacity (MSEC) are developed for discriminating among rival nonisomorphic blcoked FFSP designs. A general rule for identifying MSA or MSEC blocked FFSP designs through their blocked consulting designs is established.

Mixed Two-and Eight-level Fractional Factorial Split-plot Designs Containing Clear Effects

Fractional factorial split-plot （FFSP） designs are useful in practical experiments. When the num- bers of levels of the factors are not all equal in an experiment, mixed-level design is selected. This paper investigates the conditions of a resolution III or IV FFSP design with both two-level and eight-level factors to have various clear effects, including two types of main effects and three types of two-factor interaction compo- nents.

一种距离多普勒平面的二维点迹凝聚方法

本文提出了一种距离多普勒平面的二维点迹凝聚方法,该方法通过先对目标检测后点按一定顺序排列,接着在相同多普勒通道进行距离维归并,然后再进行多普勒维归并,接着将二维归并完的目标点根据目标判决条件剔除虚假点,最后将剩余的目标点按一定准则凝聚形成最终结果。通过二维归并凝聚可以避免目标分裂现象。

整区因子更重要时一般最小低阶混杂裂区设计

考虑当整区因子比子区因子更重要时一般水平的裂区设计,提出了这种情况下的一般最小低阶混杂准则.用有限投影几何作为工具,建立了裂区设计与其补设计字长型之间的关系.这对构造该准则下的最优设计是有帮助的.

磷钾肥和多效唑对高羊茅越夏性的影响研究 Ⅲ·高温对高羊茅叶片中N、P、K含量的影响

采用三因素三水平裂裂区试验设计,2004年夏季在草坪试验基地研究磷钾肥和多效唑对高羊茅Fes-tuca arundinacea越夏性的影响。结果表明:叶片中N、P、K含量的变化均达到了极显著差异。在A2B3C2(磷:60 kg/hm2,钾:140 kg/hm2,多效唑:250 mg/L)处理下,高羊茅叶片细胞中N、P、K含量相对较高,说明肥料和化控的较优搭配能促进N、P、K素营养在高羊茅草坪草中的大量积累,为高羊茅顺利越夏提供营养基础。

高温对高羊茅叶片中渗透调节物质的影响

采用了裂裂区设计,以耐热较强的冷季型草坪草高羊茅(Festuca arundinecea Schreb. cv. Huntdog 5)为实验材料,比较了不同磷钾肥施肥量和多效唑喷施浓度对高羊茅渗透调节物质的影响。结果表明:在自然高温胁迫下,27个处理组合之间的渗透调节物质(可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸)的含量变化均达到了极显著水平,在A2B3C2(即P2O5:A=60 kg/hm2;K2O:B=140 kg/hm2,多效唑:C=0.25 kg/hm2)处理下,高羊茅的叶片细胞中渗透调节物质含量相对较高,说明肥料和化控的较优搭配能促进渗透调节物质在高羊茅草坪草中的大量积累,为高羊茅顺利越夏提供保障。

磷钾肥和多效唑对高羊茅越夏性的影响研究 Ⅰ.高温对高羊茅叶片中保护酶的影响

采用裂裂区设计探讨了磷肥、钾肥和多效唑3因素3水平对高羊茅Festuca arundineceacv.Huntdog 5越夏过程中保护酶活性的影响。研究结果表明:磷肥、钾肥、多效唑、磷肥×钾肥、磷肥×多效唑、钾肥×多效唑、磷肥×钾肥×多效唑互作均达极显著(P<0.01),综合得出A2B3C2(磷:60 kg/hm2,钾:140 kg/hm2,多效唑:250 mg/L)处理下,高羊茅的叶片细胞中保护酶活性相对较高,能显著增强高羊茅耐热性和延缓植株衰老,有利于其安全越夏。

磷钾肥和多效唑对高羊茅越夏性研究 Ⅳ.高温对高羊茅叶片中抗氧化物质的影响

采用了裂裂区设计,以耐热较强的冷季型草坪草高羊茅(Festuca arundineceaSchreb.cv.Huntdog 5)为实验材料,研究了冷季型草坪草高羊茅在不同磷钾肥施肥量和多效唑喷施浓度下叶片中叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、总酚和类黄酮含量的变化及其与草坪草耐热性的关系,同时用综合评定法判定了它们的耐热性。研究结果表明:叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、总酚和类黄酮含量的变化均达到极显著,综合得出在A2B3C2(AP2O5=60 kg/hm2,B140 kg/hm2,C多效唑=250 mg/L)处理下,高羊茅的叶片细胞中抗氧化物质含量相对较高,能显著增强高羊茅耐热性和延缓植株衰老,有利于其安全越夏。

云南松胚根与胚轴伸长对遮荫、微波和IBA处理的响应

全光照和75%遮荫作为裂区,微波辐射和IBA浸种采用L9(34)正交设计进行裂区下的正交试验,了解以上3因素对云南松苗木胚根和胚轴伸长的影响。结果表明,胚根和胚轴在全光照时的理论优水平组合分别为A2B1和A1B2;在75%遮荫时分别为A1B1和A2B2,仅胚轴在全光照时的理论优水平组合与实际试验结果相一致。全光照下微波辐射促进胚根伸长,而75%遮荫下其促进胚轴伸长。0.1 g/L的IBA浸种促进胚根和胚轴的伸长。

沼肥对保护地番茄生长发育及其产量的影响

采用二裂式区组设计的方法,以番茄为供试作物,以沼肥(沼液、沼渣)、猪粪和化肥为肥料,研究了不同施肥措施对番茄生长发育及其产量的影响。结果表明:与施用化肥相比,施用沼液的番茄植株平均株高及根系体积有所增加,番茄产量略有降低;与施用猪粪相比,施用沼渣可促进植株茎秆的健壮生长及根系发育,番茄产量提高20.8%;与沼渣和化肥配合施用相比,沼渣与沼液配合施用促进了番茄植株的生长发育,其植株生长稳健,根系发达,而且番茄产量增加;与猪粪和化肥配合施用相比,猪粪与沼液配合施用促进了番茄植株的生长发育,其株高较高、茎秆粗壮、根系发达,但番茄产量下降。

施肥对保护地番茄果实品质及其产量的影响

采用二裂式区组设计的方法,以番茄为供试作物,以沼肥(沼液、沼渣)、猪粪和化肥为肥料,研究了不同施肥措施对番茄果实品质及其产量的影响。结果表明:与施用化肥相比,施用沼液番茄果实硝酸盐及Vc含量降低,总糖、总酸含量提高,糖/酸比均较适宜,番茄产量略有降低;与施用猪粪相比,施用沼渣降低了番茄果实硝酸盐及总酸含量,提高了Vc及总糖含量,糖/酸比值增大,番茄产量提高20.8%;与沼渣和化肥配合施用相比,沼渣与沼液配合施用改善了番茄果实的品质,其番茄果实硝酸盐含量降低,Vc、总糖、总酸含量和糖/酸比值均提高,而且番茄产量增加;和猪粪与沼液配合施用相比,猪粪与化肥配合施用番茄果实硝酸盐、Vc、总糖、总酸含量和糖/酸比值均提高,番茄产量增加。