EFFECTS OF SPLITTER BLADES ON THE LAW OF INNER FLOW WITHIN CENTRIFUGAL PUMP IMPELLER

Analysis on the inner flow field of a centrifugal pump impeller with splitter blades is carfled out by numerical simulation. Based on this analysis, the principle of increasing pump head and efficiency are discussed. New results are obtained from the analysis of turbulence kinetic energy and relative velocity distribution： Firstly, unreasonable length or deviation design of the splitter blades may cause great turbulent fluctuation in impeller channel, which has a great effect on the stability of impeller outlet flow; Secondly, it is found that the occurrence of flow separation can be decreased or delayed with splitter blades from the analysis of blade loading; Thirdly, the effect of splitter blades on reforming the structure of ＂jet-wake＂ is explained from the relative velocity distribution at different flow cross-sections, which shows the flow process in the impeller. The inner flow analysis verifies the results of performance tests results and the PIV test.

Numerical simulation of cavitation turbulence in Francis turbine runner with splitter blades

Cavitation will reduce the turbine performance and even damage the turbine components.To verify the effects of splitter blades on improving the cavitation performance,the cavitation flow inside a Francis turbine runner with splitter blades was numerically simulated by using the Singhal cavitation model and the standard k-ε turbulence model.The distributions of static pressure and gas volume fractions on the surface of the runner blades were predicated under different conditions,and the cavitation in the flow field of the runner was analyzed.The results show that the static pressure and gas volume fractions are more uniformly distributed on the short blades than those on the long blades in Francis turbines with splitter blades,and there is almost no cavitation on the short blades;their distributions are more uniform under small flow conditions than those under large flow conditions;and large gas volume fractions are concentrated at the outlet tip near the band on the suction side of the long blade.The installation of splitter blades can improve the cavitation performance of conventional Francis turbines.

Effects of circumferential configuration concerning splitter blade on the aerodynamic performance in a transonic axial fan

For a certain type of transonic axial fan, the flow field of a fan rotor with splitter blade was computed by numerical simulation, and the shape of the rotor was modified. The effects of different circumferential distributions concerning the splitter cascades upon the aerodynamic performance were investigated. The studies show that the optimum splitter cascade is not very close to the suction side of main blade. The load between the main blade and the splitter blade can be soundly distributed in terms of the adjustment of circumferential position of the splitter blade. The best aerodynamic performance can be successfully obtained according to the optimum shape of the expanding fluid channel reasonably formed by the splitter blade and the main blade.

Numerical Study on Internal Flow of Small Axial Flow Fan with Splitter Blades

The splitter blades are widely used in axial compressors and play an active role in the improvement of the overall performance of compressors. However, little research on the application of splitter blades to small axial flow fans is conducted. This paper designs a splitter blade small axial flow fan (model B) with a small axial flow fan as the prototype fan (model A) by adding short blades at the second half part of the passageway among long blades of model A. The steady simulation for the two models was conducted with the help of RNG k-ε turbulence model provided by software Fluent, and static characteristics and internal flow characteristics of the two models were compared and analyzed. Results show that splitter blades can improve the unsteady flow in the small flow rate region and also have a positive role to increase static pressure rise and efficiency in the higher flow rate region. The variation of static pressure gradient on the meridian plane in model B is well-distributed. The static pressure on the blade surface of model B distributes more uniformly. Splitter blades can suppress the secondary flow from pressure side to suction side in the leading edge because the pressure difference between suction side and pressure side in model B is generally lower than that of model A. And it also can restrain the vortex shedding and flow separation, and further it may be able to get the aerodynamic noise lower because static pressure gradient on the blade surface is well-distributed and the vortex shedding is not developed. Therefore, the performance of the fan with splitter blades is better than that of the prototype fan. The findings of this paper can be a basis for the design of high performance small axial flow fans.

Numerical Investigation of the Transient Flow and Frequency Characteristic in a Centrifugal Pump with Splitter Blades

To analyze the internal flow characteristics of each subchannel in a low-specific-speed centrifugal pump with splitter blades,the time histories and frequency spectra of pressure fluctuations and the distributions of the corresponding flow states in one impeller channel were investigated through the numerical analysis.Performance experiments and particle image velocimetry (PIV) tests were carried out to verify the results of the numerical calculations.The results suggested that the simulation analysis agreed well with the test results.The time histories and frequency spectra of pressure fluctuations depending on its location (close to or away from the volute tongue) present different changes.The predominant frequency of each monitor point equals to five or ten times shaft frequency.The jet-wake flow pattern at each subchannel separated by splitter blade in one impeller channel is not circumferentially uniform.For the channel away from volute tongue,the magnitude of turbulence kinetic energy in pressure side subchannel is well larger than that in suction side subchannel.With the increase in flow rate,the region close to the elbow of the volute outlet emerges a large-scale vortex.

Unsteady Internal Flow Conditions of Mini-Centrifugal Pump with Splitter Blades

Mini centrifugal pumps having a diameter smaller than 100mm are employed in many fields. But the design method for the mini centrifugal pump is not established because the internal flow condition for these small-sized fluid machines is not clarified and conventional theory is not suitable for small-sized pumps. Therefore, mini centrifugal pumps with simple structure were investigated by this research. Splitter blades were adopted in this research to improve the performance and the internal flow condition of mini centrifugal pump which had large blade outlet angle. The original impeller without the splitter blades and the impeller with the splitter blades were prepared for experiment. The performance tests are conducted with these rotors in order to investigate the effect of the splitter blades on performance and internal flow condition of mini centrifugal pump. On the other hand, a three dimensional unsteady numerical flow analysis was conducted to investigate the change of the internal flow according to the rotor rotation. It is clarified from the experimental results that the performance of the mini centrifugal pump is improved by the splitter blades. The blade-to-blade low velocity region was suppressed in the case with the splitter blades. In addition to that, the unsteady flows near the volute casing tongue were suppressed due to the splitter blades. In the present paper, the performance of the mini centrifugal pump is shown and the unsteady flow condition is clarified with the results of the numerical flow analysis. Furthermore, the effects of the splitter blades on the performance and the unsteady internal flow condition are investigated.

Performance Analysis of Mini Centrifugal Pump with Splitter Blades

Design method for a mini centrifugal pump is not established because the internal flow condition for these small-sized fluid machines is not clarified and conventional theory is not suitable for small-sized pumps. Then, a semi-open impeller for the mini centrifugal pump with 55mm impeller diameter is adopted in this research to take simplicity and maintenance into consideration. Splitter blades are adopted in this research to improve the performance and internal flow condition of mini centrifugal pump having large blade outlet angle. The performance tests are conducted with these rotors in order to investigate the effect of the splitter blades on the performance and internal flow condition of the mini centrifugal pump. A three dimensional steady numerical flow analysis is conducted to analyze rotor, volute efficiency and loss caused by a vortex. It is clarified from the experimental results that the performance of the mini centrifugal pump is improved by the effect of the splitter blades. Flow condition at outlet of the rotor becomes uniform and back flow regions are suppressed in the case with the splitter blades.Further, the volute efficiency increases and the vortex loss decreases. In the present paper, the performance of the mini centrifugal pump is shown and the flow condition is clarified with the results of the experiment and the numerical flow analysis. Furthermore, the performance analyses of the mini centrifugal pumps with and without the splitter blades are conducted.

Numerical and Experimental Study on Aerodynamic Performance of Small Axial Flow Fan with Splitter Blades

To improve the aerodynamic performance of small axial flow fan, in this paper the design of a small axial flow fan with splitter blades is studied. The RNG k-ε turbulence model and SIMPLE algorithm were applied to the steady simulation calculation of the flow field, and its result was used as the initial field of the large eddy simulation to calculate the unsteady pressure field. The FW-H noise model was adopted to predict aerodynamic noise in the six monitoring points. Fast Fourier transform algorithm was applied to process the pressure signal. Experiment of noise testing was done to further investigate the aerodynamic noise of fans. And then the results obtained from the numerical simulation and experiment were described and analyzed. The results show that the static characteristics of small axial fan with splitter blades are similar with the prototype fan, and the static characteristics are improved within a certain range of flux. The power spectral density at the six monitoring points of small axial flow fan with splitter blades have decreased to some extent. The experimental results show sound pressure level of new fan has reduced in most frequency bands by comparing with prototype fan. The research results will provide a proof for parameter optimization and noise prediction of small axial flow fans with high performance.

分流叶片长度及周向偏移量对ORC向心透平性能的影响

利用分流叶片能有效改善叶片通道内的流动阻塞问题,降低流动损失。针对某带分流叶片的有机朗肯循环(ORC)向心透平,研究了不同分流叶片长度和周向偏移量对透平性能的影响,对不同叶片布置方案进行数值模拟,分析了内部流动状况、叶片载荷和损失分布。结果表明:分流叶片能有效削弱通道中的涡流,改善流动状况,使通道内部的压力分布合理;同时在一定程度上分担了主叶片的载荷。与分流叶片长度系数相比,周向偏移量对熵产率的影响较为明显;随着长度系数和周向偏移量的增加,高熵产率范围和总压损失系数均呈现先减后增的趋势,等熵效率的变化则相反,当l=0.5、d=0.5时等熵效率最大,为91.26%,而功率与叶片长度大体呈正相关;将长度系数和周向偏移量分别控制在0.5~0.6时,能保持较为理想的流动状况及叶片载荷分布,高熵产率范围较小,有利于透平性能的提升。

分流叶片对混输泵水力性能影响的优化分析

混输泵作为输送海洋油气资源的关键设备,其输送性能直接影响油气开采效率和输送成本。因此,为探究分流叶片对混输泵流动特性的优化效果,本文采用ANSYS CFX软件对带分流叶片前后的混输泵在进口含气率为5%、10%和15%工况下进行数值模拟计算。结果表明:在含气率分别为5%、10%、15%时优化后混输泵单级扬程增加了18.9%、23.5%、24.2%,分流叶片的存在显著提升了混输泵的增压性能,改善了含气率对叶轮内液相速度分布规律的影响,抑制了叶轮内气相聚集现象的发生,使得叶轮内气相分布更为均匀。此研究结果为优化混输泵性能提供了参考。

离心压缩机分流叶片长度与周向位置优化设计

首先提出一种基于线性加权和法的压缩机性能综合评价方法并构建了评价函数;然后利用评价函数分别分析了分流叶片的长度与周向位置分布对压缩机性能的影响;最后兼顾分流叶片的长度和周向位置分布来寻找性能最优的压缩机模型。结果表明当分流叶片向主叶片吸力面偏转时有助于改善流道内流体的流动特性;适当的分流叶片长度能抑制流体的过度扩张,但当分流叶片长度系数超过0.8时,由于进口叶片稠度过大会导致压缩机的流量与效率均大幅下降。当分流叶片长度系数为0.6并向主叶片吸力面偏转时能使压缩机性能最佳。

分流叶片前缘安装角对离心压气机性能的影响

为探究分流叶片前缘安装角对离心压气机性能的影响,选取改型的Krain高压比离心压气机叶轮为研究对象,利用ANSYS CFX软件模拟单流道叶轮,主要剖析分流叶片前缘安装角的变化对离心压气机叶轮内部流动的影响。研究结果表明,当分流叶片前缘安装角靠近主叶片吸力面时,前缘激波减弱,弱化了激波与边界层的互相干扰作用,改善了离心压气机总体性能。与原型相比,改型的压气机等熵效率提升0.621%,总压比提高0.867%。

低比转速离心泵内部流场分析及试验

为了研究低比转速离心泵内部流动特性,对10种不同设计方案的低比转速离心泵进行了数值模拟和性能预测,讨论了叶轮和蜗壳的关键几何参数对内部流场和外特性的影响,分析了不同设计方案下泵内的静压、流线、速度和湍动能等分布,并针对复合式叶轮短叶片的分布位置和蜗壳喉部面积进行了对比试验。试验结果表明,该文优选的方案D,通过增加偏置短叶片后,扬程提高了5.5m,效率提高了3.23%;增大蜗壳内部和喉部面积后,5种设计方案的额定点扬程均提高了约10m,效率提高了约5%,且扩大了高效区范围。该研究将为低比转速离心泵的性能优化提供一定的科学依据。

不同叶轮形式下离心泵整机非定常流场的数值研究

针对无短叶片、有长短叶片和短短叶片三种叶轮的离心泵,采用非定常CFD方法数值分析了设计工况点的整机全三维流场,讨论了不同叶片形式对水泵扬程、进出口压力波动及叶片表面和中央回转面内参数分布的影响。其中,与无短叶片情况相比较,详细分析了短叶片的有无和短叶片尺寸对泵内流场的影响;并对一个压力波动周期内,由于叶片和蜗舌相对位置不同内部流场的变化给出了相应的分析结果。从动力学角度对降低水泵的振动和噪声提供了有益的分析结果。

分流叶片对离心泵流场和性能影响的数值预报

针对低比速离心泵IS50-32-160模型,给出不同叶片数下、不同分流叶片长度的设计方案,采用计算流体力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)方法,对多方案的全流场进行分析。对非设计流量工况计算采用了稳态N-S方程求解,对于叶轮和蜗壳、前后腔体的交界面采用滑移网格技术进行处理。通过叶轮叶片上扭矩分析,并结合以往试验和计算经验,给出适用于低比速离心泵分流叶片长度的设计公式;流场计算结果显示:分流叶片有利于叶轮出口和蜗壳入口的压力、速度分布均匀性,能有效提高叶轮出口压力,减小压力脉动;通过不同工况的计算模拟,预测各个设计方案离心泵的性能,结果表明:含分流叶片离心泵的效率向偏大流量处偏移,扬程提高较多,且功率曲线更加陡峭。最后总结了不同叶片数对水泵性能的影响,给出不同设计要求时叶片数取值参考。

长短叶片对液力透平性能的影响

为了研究长短叶片对液力透平性能的影响,制作了液力透平样机,搭建了开式液力透平实验台,对有、无长短叶片的叶轮分别进行了数值和实验研究。研究结果表明,长短叶片的增加可以提高液力透平的效率,增加最高效率点的流量,降低液力透平的扬程。内部流场分析表明,长短叶片的增加,可以改善叶轮内部流场分布,减小叶轮内部漩涡的区域和强度,改善液力透平内部流动规律。对液力透平内部功率损失分布分析表明,液力透平内部的功率损失主要集中在叶轮内部,长短叶片的增加,改善了叶轮内部流动,减小了叶轮内部的功率损失。叶片数的增加加剧了叶轮和蜗壳之间的相互作用,因此蜗壳内部的功率损失有所增加。

分流叶片对离心泵内部非定常流动特性的影响

采用Ansys-CFX软件对5个具有不同分流叶片进口直径、不同分流叶片周向偏置度的叶轮方案进行全流场非定常数值模拟,分析了有、无分流叶片以及不同分流叶片设计对叶轮进口、蜗壳出口及叶轮-蜗壳交界面处压力脉动特性的影响规律.结果表明:分流叶片有利于降低叶轮进口压力且提高蜗壳出口压力,从而提高泵的扬程,带分流叶片设计方案的扬程比没有分流叶片设计方案提高2%～12%,但不同分流叶片设计方案的扬程绝对值差异不大;分流叶片有利于减小叶轮进、出口处的压力脉动;有利于减小叶轮-蜗壳交界面处的压力脉动,从而改善叶轮出口的'射流-尾流'结构;不同分流叶片设计对扬程的影响趋势接近,但对非定常流动特性的影响不同,当分流叶片进口直径为106 mm且向长叶片背面偏置5°时,扬程最高,压力脉动最小;带偏置分流叶片设计方案的扬程略高于带不偏置分流叶片设计方案.

分流叶片对离心泵空化性能影响的数值分析

为了研究分流叶片对离心泵空化性能的影响规律,以模型泵IS50-32-160为研究对象,设计了1种不带分流叶片与3种带分流叶片不同短叶片进口直径的叶轮,利用CFD对此离心泵的全流道进行了数值模拟,并对分流叶片离心泵在不同空化余量时泵的空化性能和叶轮内部流场分布进行分析研究.分析结果表明:添置分流叶片后,泵的扬程和效率均显著提高,但短叶片的长短对扬程和效率的影响不大;添置分流叶片后,泵的抗空化性能均有提高,且当离心泵短叶片进口直径为0.725D2时,离心泵的抗空化性能相对较好,必需空化余量比其他2个带分流叶片方案减小了0.5 m;空化发生以后,叶轮出口射流速度会增加损失,同时叶轮内部速度的减小又会减少叶轮产生的动能,因而扬程会发生突降;带分流叶片的方案气泡分布情况比无分流叶片方案均有一定的改善,添置分流叶片后,气泡发展较为缓慢.

分流叶片离心泵非定常流动及动力学特性分析

为了研究在流固耦合作用下分流叶片对低比转数离心泵内部非定流动及结构动力特性的影响,以高温熔盐泵为研究对象,采用计算流体力学软件ANSYS CFX12.1和有限元软件ANSYS Workbench对有/无分流叶片的两种方案高温熔盐泵,进行了考虑泵内部流场和结构场的相互作用的双向流固耦合求解。对比分析了两种方案对泵非定常流动及结构动力特性的影响,结果表明:流固耦合作用使得各监测点的压力脉动和径向力脉动规律和幅值均发生了明显变化,说明在该类泵的流场模拟中,流固耦合作用较明显,不可忽视;分流叶片的添置减小了流场内压力脉动及径向力脉动幅值;带分流叶片转子的变形量变化梯度、等效应力变化梯度、最大变形量及最大应力值均小于不带分流叶片转子,且带分流叶片转子等效应力随时间的变化也明显小于不带分流叶片转子。即分流叶片的添置不仅有利于提高转子的承载能力,而且还有利于改善转子的变形和受力,从而提高转子的抗疲劳能力。

分流叶片对螺旋离心泵径向力的影响

为了改善单叶片螺旋离心泵叶轮径向力过大的问题,对单叶片叶轮设计分流叶片,并采用Navier-Stokes方程和标准的k-ε湍流模型对带分流叶片和不带分流叶片的螺旋离心泵的内部流场进行非定常数值模拟。通过模拟分别获得了带分流叶片和不带分流叶片的螺旋离心泵的蜗壳出口压力脉动特性以及作用在蜗壳和叶轮上的径向力特性,并对其进行分析比较。结果表明:各个工况下,带分流叶片和不带分流叶片的螺旋离心泵的蜗壳出口压力脉动特性、作用在蜗壳和叶轮上的径向力均呈周期性变化,且主频均为各自叶片通过频率;采用分流叶片后周期变为原模型周期的一半,蜗壳出口压力脉动幅值明显减小,作用在叶轮上的径向力明显减小,作用在叶轮上的径向力的变化趋势关于坐标轴对称性加强,且基本呈椭圆形分布;作用在蜗壳上的径向力虽有小幅提升,但是其脉动幅值减弱,且高频脉动减少。表明单叶片螺旋离心泵叶轮分流叶片的添加不仅可以有效减小叶轮上的径向力,而且对降低蜗壳上的振动特性有一定的积极作用。