Phase control in an open A-type system with spontaneously generated coherence

This paper investigates the control role of the relative phase between the probe and driving fields on the gain, dispersion and populations in an open A system with spontaneously generated coherence （SGC）. It shows that by adjusting the value of the relative phase, a change from lasing with inversion to lasing without inversion can be realized; the values and frequency spectrum regions of the inversionless gain and dispersion can be obviously varied; high refractive index with zero absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency can be achieved. It is also found that when the driving field is resonant, the shapes of the dispersion and the gain curves versus the probe detuning are very similar if the relative phase of the dispersion lags π/2 than that of the gain, however for the off-resonant driving field the similarity will disappear; the gain, dispersion and populations are periodical functions of the relative phase, the modulation period is always 2π; the contribution of SGC to the inversionless gain and dispersion is much larger than that of the dynamically induced coherence.

Effect of spontaneously generated coherence on inversionless lasing gain in an atomic system with Doppler broadening

We have studied the effect of the spontaneously generated coherence （SGC） on gain of lasing without inversion （LWI） in a closed three-level A-type atomic system with Doppler broadening. It is shown that, regardless of the driving and probe fields being co- or counter-propagating, at a suitable value of the Doppler width, we can obtain a much larger LWI gain with SGC than that without SGC; and the region of the LWI gain spectrum with SGC is obviously larger than that without SGC. When the Doppler width takes a constant value, the gain does not monotonically decrease or increase with increasing strength of SGC, the largest LWI gain can be obtained by adjusting strength of SGC. Generally speaking, the co-propagating probe and driving fields is favourable to obtain a larger LWI gain.

Influence of Doppler broadening and spontaneously generated coherence on propagation effect in a quasi lambda-type four-level system

In this paper we study influences of Doppler broadening, spontaneously generated coherence, and other system parameters on propagation effect in a quasi lambda-type four-level atomic system. It is shown that when the Doppler broadening is present, generally speaking, the values of gain and intensity of lasing without inversion （i.e. the probe field） in the co-propagating probe and driving fields case are much larger than those in the counter-propagating case; considerably larger gain and intensity of lasing without inversion than those without the Doppler broadening can be obtained by choosing appropriate values of the Doppler broadening width and spontaneously generated coherence strength. The gain and intensity of lasing without inversion increase with the increase of spontaneously generated coherence strength; when spontaneously generated coherence is present, much larger gain and intensity of lasing without inversion than those in the case without spontaneously generated coherence can be obtained. Choosing suitable values of the probe detuning, Rabi frequencies of the driving and pump fields at the entrance of the medium also can remarkably enhance the gain and intensity of lasing without inversion.

Observation of linewidth narrowing due to a spontaneously generated coherence effect

We investigate the resonance fluorescence spectrum of an atomic three-level ladder system driven by two laser fields. We show that such a system emulates to a large degree a V-type atom with parallel dipole moments-the latter being a system that exhibits spontaneously generated coherence and can display ultrasharp spectral lines. We find a suitable energy scheme in a SSRb atom and experimentally observe the narrowing of the central peak in a rubidium atomic beam. The corresponding spectrum can convindngiy demonstrate the existence of spontaneously generated coherence.

Phase control of light amplification in steady and transient processes in an inverted-Y atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence

We investigate the effects of spontaneously generated coherence （SGC） on both the steady and transient gain properties in a four-level inverted-Y-type atomic system in the presence of a weak probe, two strong coherent fields, and an incoherent pump. For the steady process, we find that the inversionless gain mainly origins from SGC. In particular, we can modulate the inversionless gain by changing the relative phase between the two fields. Moreover, the amplitude of the gain peak can be enhanced and the additional gain peak can appear by changing the detuning of the coupling field. As for the transient process, the transient gain properties can also be dramatically affected by the SGC. Compared to the case without SGC, the transient gain can be greatly enhanced with completely eliminated transient absorption by choosing the proper relative phase between the two fields. And the inverted-Y-type system with SGC can be simulated in both atomic and semiconductor quantum well systems avoiding the conditions of SGC.

Effects of Spontaneously Generated Coherence on Intensity-Intensity Correlation in a Driven Y-Type Atom

In this paper,we investigate the spontaneously generated coherence(SGC) effects on the fluorescence fields intensity-intensity correlation in a resonant driven four-level Y-type atomic system.By using a strong control field, in the absense of SGC effects,strong correlation and anticorrelation fluorescence photons can be produced from two ladder transitions in this system respectively.However,in the presence of SGC effects,the fluorescence fields correlation properties are reversed for the two transitions.The above phenomena can be traced to the quantum destructive or constructive interference in terms of dressed states.

Probe gain via four-wave mixing based on spontaneously generated coherence

We have studied the probe gain via a double-Λ atomic system with a pair of closely lying lower levels in the presence of two probe and two coherent pump fields. The inversionless gain can be realized by using nondegenerate four-wave mixing under the condition of spontaneously generated coherence（SGC） owing to near-degenerate lower levels. Note that by using SGC, two probe fields can be amplified with more remarkable amplitudes, and the gain spectra of an extremely narrow linewidth can be obtained. Last but not least, our results show that the probe gain is quite sensitive to relative phases due to the SGC presence which allows one to modulate the gain spectra periodically by phase modulation, and can also be influenced by all laser field intensities and frequencies, and the angles between dipole elements.

Comparative Study of Light Manipulation in Three-Level Systems Via Spontaneously Generated Coherence and Relative Phase of Laser Fields

We present a comparative study of the control of group velocity in three-level atomic systems including Λ-, Ladder-, and V-types via spontaneously generated coherence(SGC) and relative phase of laser fields.In the steady regime, expressions of group index are derived as an analytical function of controllable parameters related to SGC and relative phase.It is shown that the group velocity can be further slowed down or speeded up under SGC in which modifications of group velocity due to the SGC in Λ-and V-systems are stronger than that in Ladder-system.In particular, when interference strength of SGC p increases from 0.7 to 1.0, the light propagation is switched from superluminal to subluminal modes(for Λ-and Ladder-systems) or from subluminal to superluminal modes(for Vsystem).In the presence of relative phase, the group velocity changes between subluminal and superluminal modes with a period of 2π.In resonant region, the largest positive value of group index reaches at the relative phase φ=π while the largest negative value of group index reaches at φ= 0 and 2π for the Λ-and Ladder-systems, otherwise, for the V-system the largest positive group index occurs at φ= 0 and 2π, and the largest negative group index occurs at φ=π.

Storage and Retrieval of a Weak Optical Signal Improved by Spontaneously Generated Coherence in an Atomic Assemble

We investigate the reversible storage of a weak single-mode light signal in a A-type three-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence （SGC） and pumped by an incoherent field. The scheme is phase-dependent. If the phase of the controlling field is set oppositely to that of the signal field, the combination of SGC with weak pump overcomes the drawback of incompletely retrieval in the conventional scheme, leading to 100% retrieval fidelity or even to the amplification of the retrieved signal with respect to its initial one.

Control of Group Velocity via Spontaneous Generated Coherence and Kerr Nonlinearity

A four-level N-type atomic medium is considered to study the effect of spontaneous generated coherence(SGC) and Kerr nonlinearity on light pulse propagation. A light pulse is propagating inside the medium where each atom follows four-level N-type atom-field configuration of rubidium(85Rb) atom. The atom-field interaction leads to electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) process. The atom-field interaction is accompanied by normal dispersion and in the presence of SGC and Kerr nonlinearity the dispersion property of the proposed atomic medium is modified,which leads to enhancement of positive group index of the medium. The enhancement of positive group index then leads to slow group velocity inside the medium. A more slow group velocity is also investigated by incorporated the collective effect of SGC and Kerr nonlinearity. The control of group velocity inside a four-level N-type atomic medium via collective effect of SGC and Kerr nonlinearity is the major part of this work.

SGC Switching Between Subluminal to Superluminal Propagation in V-Type Atom

For a V-type three-level atomic system with two closely spaced upper levels, we investigate the light pulse propagation properties with only one laser field. Due to spontaneously generated coherence, the group velocity of the light pulse can be changed from subluminal to superluminal. The effects of the field intensity and the two-upper level splitting on the group velocity are also shown. At last, an analytical expression for the group velocity is given in the case of a weak field.

电磁感应透明与Kerr非线性效应的增强

从理论分析了N型四能级原子系统中自发产生相干及外加激光场的强度变化对电磁感应透明和Kerr非线性效应的影响.结果发现,自发产生相干的存在能够使得Kerr非线性显著增强,随着其增强,Kerr非线性的峰值逐渐增强且进入电磁感应透明窗口内.此外,在自发产生相干系数极大时与不存在时相比,Kerr非线性能够增强10倍.研究还发现,减小耦合场和控制场强度之间的比值也能够增强Kerr非线性.

四能级Λ-型原子系统中自发诱导相干对无反转激光的效应

讨论了四能级Λ-型原子系统自发诱导相干(SGC)对原子系统产生无反转激光的影响。原子系统在与一个弱探测光场及强泵浦光场共振相互作用情况下,不论是否双光子共振,原子系统都有无反转激光(LWI)产生。在双光子共振条件下,SGC效应可强化LWI的产生;在非双光子共振时,改变SGC参量和上能级之间能级差可有效控制LWI的产生及其产生的强度。文中给出了产生LWI的相应条件。

Impact of Interacting Quantum Coherence via Decays and Incoherent Pumping on Transient and Steady-State Behaviors of Absorption

The effects from quantum coherence via decays and incoherent pumping on the lasing without inversion(LWI) are investigated in a four-level system.By analyzing the transient and steady-state behaviors of the absorption,we find that the gain occurs when both spontaneously generated coherence(SGC) and coherence induced by incoherent pumping(IPC) are considered.We attribute the occurrence of the gain to the interaction of quantum coherence via decays and incoherent pumping.

the phase-dependent gain without inversion in a Doppler broadened open four-level system

It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence （SGC）, the gain without inversion （GWI） is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase between the probe field and the driving field; the atomic exit rate （R0） and the ratio （S） of the atomic injection rates have a considerable modulation effect on the phase-dependent GWI. GWI first increases and then decreases with R0 increasing; in a certain value range of S, GWI increases monotonically with S increasing; by adjusting the values of R0 and S, in an open system a much larger GWI can be obtained than in the corresponding closed system [2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043805]. The modulation effects of R0 and S on the phase-dependent GWI in the case with the counter-propagating probe and driving fields are stronger than those in the co-propagating case, GWI in the co-propagating case is much larger than that in the counter-propagating case.

Three-Level Λ-Type Atomic System Localized by the Parameters of the Two Orthogonal Standing-Wave Fields

Localization of the three-level Λ-type atomic system interacting with two orthogonal standing-wave fields is proposed. Two equal and tunable peaks in the 2D plane are obtained by the detunings corresponding to the two orthogonal standing-wave fields when the decreasing intensities of spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) arise in the three-level Λ-type atomic system, while one circular ring with shrinking radii in the 2D plane is obtained by the adjusted phases and wave vectors of the standing-wave fields when the increasing intensities of SGC occur in the three-level Λ-type atomic system. 2D atom localization with the single ring with shrinking radii realized by the multiple parametric manipulations demonstrated the flexibility for our scheme.

Modulation of atomic exit and injection rates on the phase-dependent gain without inversion in a Doppler broadened open four-level system

It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC), the gain without inversion (GWI) is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase between the probe field and the driving field; the atomic exit rate (R0) and the ratio (S) of the atomic injection rates have a considerable modulation effect on the phase-dependent GWI. GWI first increases and then decreases with R0 increasing; in a certain value range of S, GWI increases monotonically with S increasing; by adjusting the values of R0 and S, in an open system a much larger GWI can be obtained than in the corresponding closed system [2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043805]. The modulation effects of R0 and S on the phase-dependent GWI in the case with the counter-propagating probe and driving fields are stronger than those in the co-propagating case, GWI in the co-propagating case is much larger than that in the counter-propagating case.

开放四能级系统中自发辐射诱导相干

首先提出了开放的准Λ型四能级原子系统模型,然后利用系统定态数值解从不同方面研究了自发辐射诱导相干(SGC)对无反转激光(LWI)增益的影响。研究结果表明:通过调节SGC的强弱可实现从吸收到LWI的转换,并显著提高LWI增益;表示SGC效应的2个因子p1和p2的变化对LWI增益的影响程度有较大的差别;开放系统可得到远大于相应封闭系统的LWI增益,在无泵浦场情况下的开放系统仍然可以得到探测场的无反转放大,而相应封闭系统只能呈现对探测场的吸收。

Phase-Controlled Transparent Superluminal Light Propagation in a Doppler-Broadened Four-Level N-Type System

The propagation of a weak probe field in a four-level N-type quantum system in the presence of spontaneously generated coherence(SGC) is theoretically investigated. The optical properties of the system are studied and it is shown that the group velocity of light pulse can be controlled by relative phase of applied fields. By changing the relative phase of applied fields, the group velocity of light pulse changes from transparent subluminal to the transparent superluminal light propagation. Thus, the phase-controlled absorption-free superluminal light propagation is obtained without applying an incoherent laser fields to the system. The propagation of a weak probe light pulse is studied by solving the Maxwell's wave equation on numerical grid in space and time. Moreover, we study the third order self- and cross-Kerr susceptibility of probe field and calculate the nonlinear cross-phase shift for different values of intensity of applied fields. In addition, we take into account the effect of Doppler broadening on the light pulse propagation and it is found that a suitable choice of laser propagation directions allows us to preserve our results even in the presence of Doppler effect. It is demonstrated that by increasing the Doppler width of distribution to the room temperature,the dispersion changes from transparent subluminal to transparent superluminal light propagation which is our major motivation for this work.