For example,western China threat theory had a negative impact on Chinese scientific socialism building,their life and world view represent a certain type of individual public understanding of things,and this understan...For example,western China threat theory had a negative impact on Chinese scientific socialism building,their life and world view represent a certain type of individual public understanding of things,and this understanding goes against the spirit of the times in 21st century,is making things and ignoring the world dialectical law of development evolution.展开更多
In this research project,we focus on sports hospitality at the Rugby World Cup 2019 as a practical example of the qualitative pursuit of sports tourism in the Japanese tourism industry.STH Japan K.K.,Japan’s first co...In this research project,we focus on sports hospitality at the Rugby World Cup 2019 as a practical example of the qualitative pursuit of sports tourism in the Japanese tourism industry.STH Japan K.K.,Japan’s first company specializing in sports hospitality,hosted the first mega sports event held in Japan.A similar spectator service will next be implemented at the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics.Sports hospitality is a new way to enjoy watching sports by adding a meal and entertainment before and after the match to the event ticket.Positioning and using sports hospitality as a tourism experience product,we can use qualitatively designed creative and effective methods that professional human resources could provide to tourists.This research project provides an overview of tourism experience products,looks at their economic effects at the Rugby World Cup 2019,and the sales results of the sports hospitality at the event.I conducted an observation survey at the Rugby World Cup 2019 Scotland vs.Samoa match held at Misaki Park Stadium(Kobe,Hyogo)on September 30,2019 focusing only on tourism products in that framework.I also conducted a qualitative survey on March 18,2020 in a semi-structured interview format with STH Japan K.K.senior advisors.The research results revealed the possibility of eliminating overtourism in spectator sports and the lack of sports hospitality spaces in Japan.Usually,when watching a sports match where many spectators gather,the uniform start and end times cause crowding and overtourism.The conventional challenge has been to create tourism products that reduce congestion and provide an enjoyable tourism experience.Sports hospitality is effective for relieving the stress caused by overtourism in spectator sports.In order to solve the shortage of sports hospitality spaces,one issue to consider is the deregulation by the government.展开更多
When the human society steps into a new epoch, we, in cooperation with the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), hold the Sino-African Intellectual Property Forum, on which we may exchange experiences in de...When the human society steps into a new epoch, we, in cooperation with the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), hold the Sino-African Intellectual Property Forum, on which we may exchange experiences in developing intellectual property systems and discuss issues of common concern. The themes listed in the agenda not only mirror the emerging issues of the development of the international intellectual property system, but also carry significant weight to展开更多
It is common for two teams or two players to play a game in which the first one to win a majority of the initially determined number of matches wins the championship. We will explore the probabilistic conditions under...It is common for two teams or two players to play a game in which the first one to win a majority of the initially determined number of matches wins the championship. We will explore the probabilistic conditions under which a team (or player) that is considered weak may win the championship over a team (or player) that is considered strong, or a game may go all the way to the end, creating excitement among fans. It is unlikely to occur if the initially estimated probability remains constant when the weaker one wins each game against the stronger one. The purpose of this study is to identify probabilistically what conditions are necessary to increase the probability of such an outcome. We examine probabilistically by quantifying momentum gains to see if momentum gains by a weaker team (or player) winning a series of games would increase the likelihood of such an outcome occurring. If the weaker one gains momentum by winning a series of games and the probability of winning the next game is greater than the initial probability, we can see that such a result will occur in this study. Especially when the number of games is limited to seven, the initial probability that a weaker one will beat a stronger one in each game must be 0.35 or higher in order to win the championship and excite the fans by having the game go all the way to the end.展开更多
Capital market is one of the drivers of the economy through the formation of capital investor excess as well as an indicator of a country＇s economy. Movement of stock price index is often influenced by many factors, ...Capital market is one of the drivers of the economy through the formation of capital investor excess as well as an indicator of a country＇s economy. Movement of stock price index is often influenced by many factors, derived from the company＇s performance, monetary factor, and changes in world oil prices. This study highlights the problem in world oil prices due to political turmoil in the Middle East. The samples are taken from the Jakarta Composite Stock Price Index （JCI）, oil prices, Indonesian inflation rate, Certificate of Bank Indonesia＇s （CBI） rate, and the reserve assets, during the period from January 2005 to December 2011 （84 months）. Using the data published by the Bank of Indonesia, reports of the Central Bureau of Statistics （Biro Pusat Statistik, BPS）, and other relevant sources, the data analyzed through the Eviews 7.1. The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of oil prices, foreign stock price index, and monetary variables （inflation rate, CBI rate, country＇s foreign reserves, and others） toward the JCI analyzed through the error correction model （ECM）. Hypothesis testing with the F-test for the 95% confidence level indicates that the oil price, exchange rate （Indonesian Rupiah （IDR）/United States Dollar （USD））, CBI rate, foreign exchange reserves, the Dow Jones Index, and the Taiwan stock index, both simultaneously as well as partially have a significant influence on the JCI.展开更多
Since ancient times, unethical athletes have attempted to gain an unfair competitive advantage through the use of doping substances. A list of doping substances and methods banned in sports is published yearly by the ...Since ancient times, unethical athletes have attempted to gain an unfair competitive advantage through the use of doping substances. A list of doping substances and methods banned in sports is published yearly by the World AntiDoping Agency （WADA）. A substance or method might be included in the List if it fulfills at least two of the following criteria： enhances sports performance; represents a risk to the athlete＇s health; or violates the spirit of sports. This list, constantly updated to reflect new developments in the pharmaceutical industry as well as doping trends, enumerates the drug types and methods prohibited in and out of competition. Among the substances included are steroidal and peptide hormones and their modulators, stimulants, glucocorticosteroids, β2-agonists, diuretics and masking agents, narcotics, and cannabinoids. Blood doping, tampering, infusions, and gene doping are examples of prohibited methods indicated on the List. From all these, hormones constitute by far the highest number of adverse analytical findings reported by antidoping laboratories. Although to date most are due to anabolic steroids, the advent of molecular biology techniques has made recombinant peptide hormones readily available. These substances are gradually changing the landscape of doping trends. Peptide hormones like erythropoietin （EPO）, human growth hormone （hGH）, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ （IGF-Ⅰ） are presumed to be widely abused for performance enhancement. Furthermore, as there is a paucity of techniques suitable for their detection, peptide hormones are all the more attractive to dishonest athletes. This article will overview the use of hormones as doping substances in sports, focusing mainly on peptide hormones as they represent a pressing challenge to the current fight against doping. Hormones and hormones modulators being developed by the pharmaceutical industry, which could emerge as new doping substances, are also discussed.展开更多
World Journal of Transplantation(WJT)was launched in December 2011.While we are celebrating WJT’s 10-year anniversary,we are very proud to share with you that since its first issue,WJT has published 312 articles,whic...World Journal of Transplantation(WJT)was launched in December 2011.While we are celebrating WJT’s 10-year anniversary,we are very proud to share with you that since its first issue,WJT has published 312 articles,which have been cited 2786 times(average cites per article of 9.0).Together with an excellent team effort by our authors,Editorial Board members,independent expert referees,and staff of the Editorial Office,WJT advanced in 2020.In this editorial,we summarize the journal’s bibliometrics,including its citation report,published articles in 2020,peer review rate and manuscript invitation metrics,as well as its Editorial Board members and existing problems of WJT.The overall aim of this editorial is to promote the development of WJT in 2021.We appreciate the continuous support and submissions from authors and the dedicated efforts and expertise by our invited reviewers.This collective support will allow us to be even more productive in 2021.In addition,we commit to working with you all to raise the academic influence of WJT over the upcoming year.Finally,on behalf of WJT,we wish you and your families the best for the New Year.展开更多
Journal of Sport and Health Science《运动与健康科学》(英文版),简称JSHS,是我国内地地区第一本英文体育学术期刊,深入分析和全面认识JSHS的期刊画像特征,对我国体育学术英文期刊国际化发展实践和建设世界一流期刊均具有重要现实意...Journal of Sport and Health Science《运动与健康科学》(英文版),简称JSHS,是我国内地地区第一本英文体育学术期刊,深入分析和全面认识JSHS的期刊画像特征,对我国体育学术英文期刊国际化发展实践和建设世界一流期刊均具有重要现实意义。采集Web of Science数据库中2012-2022年755篇JSHS论文,基于科学计量的方法,系统挖掘了JSHS在时间产出、作者合作、机构分布、刊文热点与趋势等特征,还从影响因子、即年指标、被引半衰期等指标,对标对表British Journal of Sports Medicine(简称BJSM,英国运动医学杂志)进行深入分析。研究发现:JSHS作为新创的体育科学期刊和我国建设世界一流期刊的代表,总体发展势头良好。年载文量稳步增长,期刊影响因子、论文影响力显著提升。论文高产机构来自上海体育学院、北卡罗莱纳大学、卡尔加里大学等,高产作者有Walter Herzog、刘宇、于冰、陈佩杰等,作者队伍越来越壮大,且呈团队合作趋势。JSHS在不断发展中形成6大主题群,包括儿童青少年运动与健康促进、老年人群运动与健康、运动表现分析、运动损伤、运动与疾病风险以及运动与认知功能。对标对表BJSM分析,JSHS在出版周期、年发文量、论文影响力等方面亟需提升。展开更多
This paper recalls the 1942 Rose Bowl game,which was relocated from its traditional site at Pasadena,California,to Duke University in Durham,North Carolina.The Tournament of Roses nearly cancelled the game after a gov...This paper recalls the 1942 Rose Bowl game,which was relocated from its traditional site at Pasadena,California,to Duke University in Durham,North Carolina.The Tournament of Roses nearly cancelled the game after a government request to avoid large crowds on the West Coast,in light of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.Duke,originally selected as the visiting team to play Pacific Coast Conference champion Oregon State University,resolved the dilemma by offering to stage the game at its campus stadium.Duke Stadium had a capacity of only 35,000,much smaller than the Rose Bowl stadium,and 20,000 temporary seats from nearby University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University were added to accommodate fans.On the strength of a 13-point third quarter,Oregon State upset undefeated Duke,20-16,in the 28th Rose Bowl game.The game returned to Pasadena the following year.With Allied victory at the Battle of Midway and stabilization of the Pacific Theater of war,the West Coast was considered secure enough to host large events.The move of the 1942 Rose Bowl was the first of many impacts on sport generally and college football in particular caused by World War II.With male enrollment reduced drastically,many colleges and universities did not field a football team for one or more seasons during the war.Prominent players were killed in action,including some who competed in the 1942 Rose Bowl.Coaches likewise joined the war effort,notably Wallace Wade of Duke.Following the war,the readjustment of servicemen extended to the gridiron,as football rosters included many veterans.Yet the 1942 Rose Bowl has new relevance beyond its 75th anniversary.The 2008 Southeastern Conference men’s basketball tournament was moved when a tornado struck Atlanta.In 2015 terrorists attacked a soccer stadium in Paris,raising new consciousness of the global threat of terrorism.Sport managers strive to make events safe,not only at the venue,but within an expanding perimeter.展开更多
Drugs are dangerous,and they are being abused more than ever these days.Decades ago,cigarettes(the main delivery system of nicotine,one of the world’s most powerful and commonly used addictive drugs)used to be consid...Drugs are dangerous,and they are being abused more than ever these days.Decades ago,cigarettes(the main delivery system of nicotine,one of the world’s most powerful and commonly used addictive drugs)used to be considered healthy and chic.They were often shown being smoked by beautiful women in films.展开更多
文摘For example,western China threat theory had a negative impact on Chinese scientific socialism building,their life and world view represent a certain type of individual public understanding of things,and this understanding goes against the spirit of the times in 21st century,is making things and ignoring the world dialectical law of development evolution.
基金This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP19K12568 and was supported by the 2019 Joint Research Fund from Osaka University of Economics.
文摘In this research project,we focus on sports hospitality at the Rugby World Cup 2019 as a practical example of the qualitative pursuit of sports tourism in the Japanese tourism industry.STH Japan K.K.,Japan’s first company specializing in sports hospitality,hosted the first mega sports event held in Japan.A similar spectator service will next be implemented at the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics.Sports hospitality is a new way to enjoy watching sports by adding a meal and entertainment before and after the match to the event ticket.Positioning and using sports hospitality as a tourism experience product,we can use qualitatively designed creative and effective methods that professional human resources could provide to tourists.This research project provides an overview of tourism experience products,looks at their economic effects at the Rugby World Cup 2019,and the sales results of the sports hospitality at the event.I conducted an observation survey at the Rugby World Cup 2019 Scotland vs.Samoa match held at Misaki Park Stadium(Kobe,Hyogo)on September 30,2019 focusing only on tourism products in that framework.I also conducted a qualitative survey on March 18,2020 in a semi-structured interview format with STH Japan K.K.senior advisors.The research results revealed the possibility of eliminating overtourism in spectator sports and the lack of sports hospitality spaces in Japan.Usually,when watching a sports match where many spectators gather,the uniform start and end times cause crowding and overtourism.The conventional challenge has been to create tourism products that reduce congestion and provide an enjoyable tourism experience.Sports hospitality is effective for relieving the stress caused by overtourism in spectator sports.In order to solve the shortage of sports hospitality spaces,one issue to consider is the deregulation by the government.
文摘When the human society steps into a new epoch, we, in cooperation with the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), hold the Sino-African Intellectual Property Forum, on which we may exchange experiences in developing intellectual property systems and discuss issues of common concern. The themes listed in the agenda not only mirror the emerging issues of the development of the international intellectual property system, but also carry significant weight to
文摘It is common for two teams or two players to play a game in which the first one to win a majority of the initially determined number of matches wins the championship. We will explore the probabilistic conditions under which a team (or player) that is considered weak may win the championship over a team (or player) that is considered strong, or a game may go all the way to the end, creating excitement among fans. It is unlikely to occur if the initially estimated probability remains constant when the weaker one wins each game against the stronger one. The purpose of this study is to identify probabilistically what conditions are necessary to increase the probability of such an outcome. We examine probabilistically by quantifying momentum gains to see if momentum gains by a weaker team (or player) winning a series of games would increase the likelihood of such an outcome occurring. If the weaker one gains momentum by winning a series of games and the probability of winning the next game is greater than the initial probability, we can see that such a result will occur in this study. Especially when the number of games is limited to seven, the initial probability that a weaker one will beat a stronger one in each game must be 0.35 or higher in order to win the championship and excite the fans by having the game go all the way to the end.
文摘Capital market is one of the drivers of the economy through the formation of capital investor excess as well as an indicator of a country＇s economy. Movement of stock price index is often influenced by many factors, derived from the company＇s performance, monetary factor, and changes in world oil prices. This study highlights the problem in world oil prices due to political turmoil in the Middle East. The samples are taken from the Jakarta Composite Stock Price Index （JCI）, oil prices, Indonesian inflation rate, Certificate of Bank Indonesia＇s （CBI） rate, and the reserve assets, during the period from January 2005 to December 2011 （84 months）. Using the data published by the Bank of Indonesia, reports of the Central Bureau of Statistics （Biro Pusat Statistik, BPS）, and other relevant sources, the data analyzed through the Eviews 7.1. The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of oil prices, foreign stock price index, and monetary variables （inflation rate, CBI rate, country＇s foreign reserves, and others） toward the JCI analyzed through the error correction model （ECM）. Hypothesis testing with the F-test for the 95% confidence level indicates that the oil price, exchange rate （Indonesian Rupiah （IDR）/United States Dollar （USD））, CBI rate, foreign exchange reserves, the Dow Jones Index, and the Taiwan stock index, both simultaneously as well as partially have a significant influence on the JCI.
文摘Since ancient times, unethical athletes have attempted to gain an unfair competitive advantage through the use of doping substances. A list of doping substances and methods banned in sports is published yearly by the World AntiDoping Agency （WADA）. A substance or method might be included in the List if it fulfills at least two of the following criteria： enhances sports performance; represents a risk to the athlete＇s health; or violates the spirit of sports. This list, constantly updated to reflect new developments in the pharmaceutical industry as well as doping trends, enumerates the drug types and methods prohibited in and out of competition. Among the substances included are steroidal and peptide hormones and their modulators, stimulants, glucocorticosteroids, β2-agonists, diuretics and masking agents, narcotics, and cannabinoids. Blood doping, tampering, infusions, and gene doping are examples of prohibited methods indicated on the List. From all these, hormones constitute by far the highest number of adverse analytical findings reported by antidoping laboratories. Although to date most are due to anabolic steroids, the advent of molecular biology techniques has made recombinant peptide hormones readily available. These substances are gradually changing the landscape of doping trends. Peptide hormones like erythropoietin （EPO）, human growth hormone （hGH）, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ （IGF-Ⅰ） are presumed to be widely abused for performance enhancement. Furthermore, as there is a paucity of techniques suitable for their detection, peptide hormones are all the more attractive to dishonest athletes. This article will overview the use of hormones as doping substances in sports, focusing mainly on peptide hormones as they represent a pressing challenge to the current fight against doping. Hormones and hormones modulators being developed by the pharmaceutical industry, which could emerge as new doping substances, are also discussed.
文摘World Journal of Transplantation(WJT)was launched in December 2011.While we are celebrating WJT’s 10-year anniversary,we are very proud to share with you that since its first issue,WJT has published 312 articles,which have been cited 2786 times(average cites per article of 9.0).Together with an excellent team effort by our authors,Editorial Board members,independent expert referees,and staff of the Editorial Office,WJT advanced in 2020.In this editorial,we summarize the journal’s bibliometrics,including its citation report,published articles in 2020,peer review rate and manuscript invitation metrics,as well as its Editorial Board members and existing problems of WJT.The overall aim of this editorial is to promote the development of WJT in 2021.We appreciate the continuous support and submissions from authors and the dedicated efforts and expertise by our invited reviewers.This collective support will allow us to be even more productive in 2021.In addition,we commit to working with you all to raise the academic influence of WJT over the upcoming year.Finally,on behalf of WJT,we wish you and your families the best for the New Year.
文摘Journal of Sport and Health Science《运动与健康科学》(英文版),简称JSHS,是我国内地地区第一本英文体育学术期刊,深入分析和全面认识JSHS的期刊画像特征,对我国体育学术英文期刊国际化发展实践和建设世界一流期刊均具有重要现实意义。采集Web of Science数据库中2012-2022年755篇JSHS论文,基于科学计量的方法,系统挖掘了JSHS在时间产出、作者合作、机构分布、刊文热点与趋势等特征,还从影响因子、即年指标、被引半衰期等指标,对标对表British Journal of Sports Medicine(简称BJSM,英国运动医学杂志)进行深入分析。研究发现:JSHS作为新创的体育科学期刊和我国建设世界一流期刊的代表,总体发展势头良好。年载文量稳步增长,期刊影响因子、论文影响力显著提升。论文高产机构来自上海体育学院、北卡罗莱纳大学、卡尔加里大学等,高产作者有Walter Herzog、刘宇、于冰、陈佩杰等,作者队伍越来越壮大,且呈团队合作趋势。JSHS在不断发展中形成6大主题群,包括儿童青少年运动与健康促进、老年人群运动与健康、运动表现分析、运动损伤、运动与疾病风险以及运动与认知功能。对标对表BJSM分析,JSHS在出版周期、年发文量、论文影响力等方面亟需提升。
文摘This paper recalls the 1942 Rose Bowl game,which was relocated from its traditional site at Pasadena,California,to Duke University in Durham,North Carolina.The Tournament of Roses nearly cancelled the game after a government request to avoid large crowds on the West Coast,in light of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.Duke,originally selected as the visiting team to play Pacific Coast Conference champion Oregon State University,resolved the dilemma by offering to stage the game at its campus stadium.Duke Stadium had a capacity of only 35,000,much smaller than the Rose Bowl stadium,and 20,000 temporary seats from nearby University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University were added to accommodate fans.On the strength of a 13-point third quarter,Oregon State upset undefeated Duke,20-16,in the 28th Rose Bowl game.The game returned to Pasadena the following year.With Allied victory at the Battle of Midway and stabilization of the Pacific Theater of war,the West Coast was considered secure enough to host large events.The move of the 1942 Rose Bowl was the first of many impacts on sport generally and college football in particular caused by World War II.With male enrollment reduced drastically,many colleges and universities did not field a football team for one or more seasons during the war.Prominent players were killed in action,including some who competed in the 1942 Rose Bowl.Coaches likewise joined the war effort,notably Wallace Wade of Duke.Following the war,the readjustment of servicemen extended to the gridiron,as football rosters included many veterans.Yet the 1942 Rose Bowl has new relevance beyond its 75th anniversary.The 2008 Southeastern Conference men’s basketball tournament was moved when a tornado struck Atlanta.In 2015 terrorists attacked a soccer stadium in Paris,raising new consciousness of the global threat of terrorism.Sport managers strive to make events safe,not only at the venue,but within an expanding perimeter.
文摘Drugs are dangerous,and they are being abused more than ever these days.Decades ago,cigarettes(the main delivery system of nicotine,one of the world’s most powerful and commonly used addictive drugs)used to be considered healthy and chic.They were often shown being smoked by beautiful women in films.
