The Immediate Analgesic Effect and Impact on Gait Function of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Late-Stage Elderly Individuals with Knee Pain: Examination of Gait Function Using an IoT-Based Gait Analysis Device

Purpose: This study verified the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), which can be worn during walking and exercise, in elderly individuals with late-stage knee pain who exercise regularly. Methods: Thirty-two late-stage elderly individuals were evaluated for knee pain during rest, walking, and program exercises, with and without TENS. Gait analysis was performed using an IoT-based gait analysis device to examine the effects of TENS-induced analgesia on gait. Results: TENS significantly reduced knee pain during rest, walking, and programmed exercises, with the greatest analgesic effect observed during walking. The greater the knee pain without TENS, the more significant the analgesic effect of TENS. A comparison of gait parameters revealed a significant difference only in the gait cycle time, with a trend towards faster walking with TENS;however, the effect was limited. Conclusion: TENS effectively relieves knee pain in late-stage elderly individuals and can be safely applied during exercise. Pain management using TENS provides important insights into the implementation of exercise therapy in this age group.

Trajectory of Walking Function in Late-Stage Older Individuals Managed with a Regular Exercise Program: A 5-Year Longitudinal Tracking with an IoT Gait Analysis System Using Accelerometers

Purpose: This study focused on maintaining and improving the walking function of late-stage older individuals while longitudinally tracking the effects of regular exercise programs in a day-care service specialized for preventive care over 5 years, using detailed gait function measurements with an accelerometer-based system. Methods: Seventy individuals (17 male and 53 female) of a daycare service in Tokyo participated in a weekly exercise program, meeting 1 - 2 times. The average age of the participants at the start of the program was 81.4 years. Gait function, including gait speed, stride length, root mean square (RMS) of acceleration, gait cycle time and its standard deviation, and left-right difference in stance time, was evaluated every 6 months. Results: Gait speed and stride length improved considerably within six months of starting the exercise program, confirming an initial improvement in gait function. This suggests that regular exercise programs can maintain or improve gait function even age groups that predictably have a gradual decline in gait ability due to enhanced age. In the long term, many indicators tended to approach baseline values. However, the exercise program seemingly counteracts age-related changes in gait function and maintains a certain level of function. Conclusions: While a decline in gait ability with aging is inevitable, establishing appropriate exercise habits in late-stage older individuals may contribute to long-term maintenance of gait function.

Design of Task-Based Reading Activities in Reading Stages

In English reading, teachers should take students as the main body by creating situations, putting forward tasks,practicing interaction and evaluating teachers and students according to the corresponding classroom goals so as to improve students' English reading skills and the comprehensive use of language ability. Effective reading activities can help improve students' English level at different English reading stages,such as pre-reading stage,w hile-reading stage, post-reading stage.

基于改进三阶段松弛测量-数据包络模型的火电上市公司碳排放效率评估研究

【目的】计算火电上市公司的碳排放效率,对比分析效率排名居后的原因及排名前列的驱动因素,根据差异性条件对火电公司进行分组,探讨造成效率差异的影响因素。【方法】基于非期望产出的改进三阶段松弛值测量(slackbasedmeasure, SBM)-数据包络分析(data envelopment analysis,DEA)模型评估中国火电上市公司2016—2022年全要素碳排放效率。【结果】火电上市公司的碳排放效率逐年递增,并在剔除外部环境影响后整体下降。增加政府环保补贴可能会引发火电公司资本、人员和煤炭过度投入;增加地区研发投入对公司资产、人员和煤耗量具有积极作用;区域经济水平的提高会促进企业资产优化配置和人员有效管理,但会导致发电煤耗量的浪费。【结论】中央实控、低煤耗率和有碳排放交易的火电上市公司技术差距率更高,整体碳排放效率水平更优。

Inhibition of Notch 1 signaling in the subacute stage after stroke promotes striatal astrocyte-derived neurogenesis

Inhibition of Notch1 signaling has been shown to promote astrocyte-derived neurogenesis after stroke.To investigate the regulatory role of Notch1 signaling in this process,in this study,we used a rat model of stroke based on middle cerebral artery occlusion and assessed the behavior of reactive astrocytes post-stroke.We used theγ-secretase inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-diuorophenacetyl)-1-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butylester(DAPT)to block Notch1 signaling at 1,4,and 7 days after injury.Our results showed that only administration of DAPT at 4 days after stroke promoted astrocyte-derived neurogenesis,as manifested by recovery of white matter fiber bundle integrity on magnetic resonance imaging,which is consistent with recovery of neurologic function.These findings suggest that inhibition of Notch1 signaling at the subacute stage post-stroke mediates neural repair by promoting astrocyte-derived neurogenesis.

A 330-500 GHz Zero-Biased Broadband Tripler Based on Terahertz Monolithic Integrated Circuits

A 330-500 GHz zero-biased broadband monolithic integrated tripler is reported. The measured results show that the maximum efficiency and the maximum output power are 2% and 194μW at 348 GHz. The saturation characteristic test shows that the output i dB compression point is about -8.5 dBm at 334 GHz and the maximum efficiency is obtained at the point, which is slightly below the 1 dB compression point. Compared with the conventional hybrid integrated circuit, a major advantage of the monolithic integrated circuit is the significant improvement of reliability and consistency. In this work, a terahertz monolithic frequency multiplier at this band is designed and fabricated.

Matched or nonmatched interventions based on the transtheoretical model to promote physical activity.A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine whether the efficacy of transtheoretical model(TTM)-based interventions on physical activity(PA)varied according to the following criteria:(1) interventions targeted the actual stages of change(SOCs) or did not;(2) participants were selected according to their SOC or were not; and(3) its theoretical constructs(decisional balance, temptation, self-efficacy, processes of change).Methods: Thirty-three randomized controlled trials assessing TTM-based interventions promoting PA in adults were systematically identified.Results: The between-group heterogeneity statistic(Qb) did not reveal any differential efficacy either in interventions targeting the actual SOC compared with those that did not(Qb = 1.48, p = 0.22) or in interventions selecting participants according to their SOC compared with those that did not(Qb = 0.01, p = 0.91). TTM-based interventions enhanced PA behavior whether they targeted the actual SOC(Cohen's d = 0.36; 95%confidence interval(CI): 0.22–0.49) or not(d = 0.23; 95%CI: 0.09–0.38) and whether they selected their participants according to their SOC(d = 0.33; 95%CI: 0.13–0.53) or not(d = 0.32; 95%CI: 0.19–0.44). The moderators of the efficacy of TTM-based interventions were the number of theoretical constructs used to tailor the intervention(Qb = 8.82, p = 0.003), the use of self-efficacy(Qb = 6.09, p = 0.01), and the processes of change(Qb = 3.51, p = 0.06).Conclusion: TTM-based interventions significantly improved PA behavior, and their efficacy was not moderated by SOC but by the TTM theoretical constructs.

Research on Staged Practice Teaching System Based on Systems Engineering

The practical teaching management system is an important factor to ensure the quality of teaching.The training of systematic thinking needs a systematic teaching system,and a systematic process is a gradual process and a standardized process.This paper discusses the process of establishing a standardized practice teaching system step by step through a progressive way.At the same time,taking test practice as an example,it describes how the practice teaching system enables students to gradually adapt to and benefit from the management of the system.Through project practice,students not only enhance their practical ability,but also learn the standardized practice process.These skills can help students adapt to the work pace of the enterprise faster,and make students’practical ability meet the requirements of the enterprise.

SELECTING CLUSTER MODEL IN Sn - BASED SOLDER ALLOY DESIGN WITH DV - X_α CALCULATION METHOD

Applying calculation method in alloy design should be an important tendency due to its characters of inexpensive cost, high efficiency and prediction. DOS calculations of AuSn, AsSn and SbSn Sn- based alloys have been investigated by employing DV - Xa method, in which different cluster models were adopted to calculate electron structure.It is proved that some regulations must be taken into ac- count in order to carry out alloy design calculation successfully,which are described in this paper in detail.

Preparation and the Pore Structure of Viscose-based Activated Carbon Fibers Treated with Pretreatment Reagents

The viscose rayon was pretreated with four different pre-treatment reagents respectively, and the preparation ofactivated carbon fibers (ACF) was performed undersame carbonizing and activating conditions. The poresize distribution, the specific surface area, and the porestructure parameter of these viscose - based ACF werestudied by using quartz spring balance BET- weightmethod. The experiment result indicates that the poresize distribution and the pore structure parameter ofACF is varied by using different pretreatment reagents.

Risk factors for occult metastasis detected by inflammation-based prognostic scores and tumor markers in biliary tract cancer

BACKGROUND Radiological detection of small liver metastasis or peritoneal metastasis is still difficult,and some patients with biliary tract cancer(BTC)are unresectable after laparotomy.Staging laparoscopy may help avoid unnecessary laparotomy.However,which category of BTC is amenable with staging laparoscopy remains unclear.AIM To clarify the risk factors for occult metastasis in patients with BTC.METHODS Medical records of patients with BTC who underwent surgery at our institution between January 2008 and June 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.The patients were divided into two groups,according to resection or exploratory laparotomy(EL).Preoperative laboratory data,including inflammation-based prognostic scores and tumor markers,were compared between the two groups.Prognostic importance of detected risk factors was also evaluated.RESULTS A total of 236 patients were enrolled in this study.Twenty-six(11%)patients underwent EL.Among the EL patients,there were 16 cases of occult metastasis(7 liver metastases and 9 abdominal disseminations).Serum carcinoembryonic antigen level,carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and modified Glasgow prognostic score were significantly higher in the EL group than in the resected group,and these factors were prognostic.Among these factors,carcinoembryonic antigen>7 ng/mL was the most useful to predict occult metastasis in BTC.When patients have more than three of these positive factors,the rate of occult metastasis increases.CONCLUSION Inflammation-based prognostic scores and tumor markers are useful in detecting occult metastasis in BTC;based on these factors,staging laparoscopy may reduce the rate of EL.

GRAPHICAL COMPUTING METHOD ON FOUR-BAR LINKAGE(1)——Inflexion Circle,Focal Axis,Ball's Point,Centering-point Curve and Circling-point Curve For Four ISPs,Coupler Curves Based on Ball's Points——

By means of programs GTMPAC based- on generalized triangle method,analysis and synthesis of mechanism design in accordance with absolutely graphicalmethod( absolutely germetrical method) are developed.In this paper,we make aspecial study about centering- point curve and circling- point curve and couplercurves based on Ball’s points.

我国政策性农业信贷担保体系运行效率评价——基于三阶段DEA-Malmquist指数模型

为加快构建财政金融协同支农机制,有效缓解农业融资难、融资贵问题,2015年以来我国通过财政资本金注入方式支持33个省(自治区、直辖市、计划单列市)建立省级农业信贷担保机构,推动形成覆盖全国的政策性农业信贷担保体系。本文运用三阶段DEA模型和Malmquist指数分析法,分别从静态和动态两个层面测度2019—2022年我国政策性农业信贷担保体系运行效率。结果表明:(1)随机误差因素与外部环境因素的影响会导致体系运行效率值偏低,其中农林牧渔业总产值的增加和财政农林水事务支出的降低对体系运行效率有促进作用。(2)调整后体系综合技术效率较高,但只有两省处于效率前沿面上,有15省低于体系均值0.902,最低的湖南省效率值只有0.65。(3)从全要素生产率指数来看,体系效率先升后降,技术和创新成为影响体系运行效率的主要因素。因此,推动区域协调发展、创新运作模式、防控业务风险是提高体系运行效率的重要途径。

面向Anchor-Based单阶段目标检测算法的精度提升研究

在基于深度学习的目标检测领域,借助图像特征提取技术的进步,可以使用锚框在图像的不同位置生成边框,通过提取边框区域特征进行边框位置回归。在实际训练过程中,发现基于anchor的单阶段检测方法存在精度不足的问题,经过分析总结将问题划分为3类:样本分类不均衡;目标检测多尺度;优化目标与推论不一致。经过研究近年来的相关论文,归纳上述问题的有效解决办法,并且对同一类问题的解决办法进行对比分析,梳理出不同场景下的有效处理策略,同时为优化模型提供一定的解决思路。

以PBL为启发式理念实施Teach-back健康教育对肝硬化失代偿期病人自我管理的影响

目的:探讨以问题导向理念(PBL)为启发式理念实施Teach-back健康教育对肝硬化失代偿期病人自我管理的影响。方法:选取2020年1月-2021年12月医院收治的102例肝硬化失代偿期病人为研究对象,按照抽签法将病人分为对照组与观察组各51例。对照组实施常规健康教育,观察组以PBL为启发式理念实施Teach-back健康教育,观察比较两组病人自我管理能力、心理状态、肝功能指标改善情况。结果:观察组病人自我管理能力各维度评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病人焦虑、抑郁、压力得分明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病人肝功能指标改善情况均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:以PBL为启发式理念实施Teach-back健康教育能更有效地改善肝硬化失代偿期病人自我管理能力,增强病人健康信念与健康行为动机,维持心理状态的平衡并促进肝功能指标改善。

Stress redistribution in multi-stage hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells in shales

Multi-stage hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells is the main stimulation method in recovering gas from tight shale gas reservoirs, and stage spacing deter- mination is one of the key issues in fracturing design. The initiation and propagation of hydraulic fractures will cause stress redistribution and may activate natural fractures in the reservoir. Due to the limitation of the analytical method in calculation of induced stresses, we propose a numerical method, which incorporates the interaction of hydraulic fractures and the wellbore, and analyzes the stress distri- bution in the reservoir under different stage spacing. Simulation results indicate the following： （1） The induced stress was overestimated from the analytical method because it did not take into account the interaction between hydraulic fractures and the horizontal wellbore. （2） The hydraulic fracture had a considerable effect on the redis- tribution of stresses in the direction of the horizontal wellbore in the reservoir. The stress in the direction per- pendicular to the horizontal wellbore after hydraulic frac- turing had a minor change compared with the original in situ stress. （3） Stress interferences among fractures were greatly connected with the stage spacing and the distance from the wellbore. When the fracture length was 200 m, and the stage spacing was 50 m, the stress redistribution due to stage fracturing may divert the original stress pat- tern, which might activate natural fractures so as to generate a complex fracture network.

Different strategies of treatment for uterine cervical carcinoma stage ⅠB2-ⅡB

Uterine cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological malignancy. It is estimated that over 35% of tumors are diagnosed at locally advanced disease, stage ⅠB2-ⅡB with an estimated 5-year overall survival of 60%. During the last decades, the initial treatment for these women has been debated and largely varies through different countries. Thus, radical concurrent chemoradiation is the standard of care in United Sated and Canada, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery is the first line of treatment in some institutions of Europe, Asia and Latin America. Until today, there is no evidence of which strategy is better over the other. This article describe the evidence as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the main strategies of treatment for women affected by uterine cervical cancer stage ⅠB2-ⅡB.

玉米秸秆化学链热解过程铁基复合载氧体的载氧-催化性能

生物质化学链热解利用载氧体将生物质热解-气化反应解耦为不同温度下进行的两级反应,能够同时得到高品质生物油/化学品和清洁合成气。本研究采用溶胶-凝胶法,分别选择碱土金属(Ca、Sr、Ba)和过渡金属(Co、Ni、Cu)制备了六种铁基复合载氧体,并研究了它们在玉米秸秆生物质化学链热解过程中的载氧-催化性能。研究表明:六种还原态铁基复合载氧体对生物质热解液体产物具有良好的催化裂解、酮基化反应和加氢脱氧能力,显著减少生物油中含氧化合物的含量,增加烃类化合物的生成,在气化阶段将热解焦氧化成以CO为主要组成的合成气。其中,Ca-Fe复合载氧体使生物油中酸类化合物的含量从无载氧体时的29.4%降低到0.3%,合成气中CO产率达到330 L/kg生物质。在650℃、生物质-载氧体质量比为3∶6的优化条件下,对Ca-Fe复合载氧体的10次热解-气化循环进行了研究,结果表明,10次循环过程中Ca-Fe复合载氧体具有优异的催化、脱氧和氧化性能,但多次循环后存在铁相分离和团聚现象。因此,高效稳定铁基复合载氧体仍是未来生物质化学链热解的研究重点。

Effect of TCM Combined with Chemotherapy on Immune Function and Quality of Life of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer inStage Ⅲ-Ⅳ

Objective: To observe and compare the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with chemotherapy (CT) on immune function and quality of life (QOL)of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ. Methods: One hundred cases with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ NSCLC were randomly divided into two groups. The treated group (n=50) received CT combined with TCM, and the control group received CT alone. The percentage of T lymphocyte subset in peripheral blood and the change of natural killer (NK) cell count were observed after treatment. The QOL and tolerance of CT were also compared between the two groups after treatment. Results: In the treated group, CD3 cell count, CD4 cell count, CD4/ CDg ratio and NK cell activity were higher than those in control group, while CD8 cell count in the treated group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and QOL and tolerance of CT in the treated group were also better (P<0.05). Conclusion: TCM combined with CT could raise the patients' ability in tolerating CT in stage Ⅲ-ⅣNSCLC.

NEW SOLID BASE DERIVED FROM AIPO4-5 SUPPORTED KF

Dispersion of KF on AlPO4-5 molecular sieve created basic sites and caused 1654 cm- band of bidentate carbonate in CO2 adsorption.After pre-treated above 823K. 5%KF/AlPO4-5exhibited basic catalytic activity in the isomerization of butenes at 273K. and the activity increasedwith the pre-treatment temperature up to 923K.