The standard Gibbs energies of transfer (Δ tr G 0) for potassium tetraphenylborate (KBPh 4) have been studied in the systems of water and water +1 propanol (PrOH) as well as water and water + t butyl alcohol (TBA) at...The standard Gibbs energies of transfer (Δ tr G 0) for potassium tetraphenylborate (KBPh 4) have been studied in the systems of water and water +1 propanol (PrOH) as well as water and water + t butyl alcohol (TBA) at 298.15?K. The results show that -Δ tr G 0 exhibits a complicated changing pattern with the mole fraction of TBA( x (TBA)) or PrOH ( x (PrOH)), and Δ tr G 0 has the a maximum value at x (TBA) = 0.2 or x (PrOH)=0.2. Especially, -Δ tr G 0 of KBPh 4 changes unusually with increasing x (TBA) when x (TBA) < 0.05. The reasons for these changes were analyzed and discussed.展开更多
Solubilities of ribidium tetraphenylborate in water, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol and l-octanol at 288.15, 298.15, 308.15, 318.15, 328.15 K have been determined by spectrophotometry....Solubilities of ribidium tetraphenylborate in water, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol and l-octanol at 288.15, 298.15, 308.15, 318.15, 328.15 K have been determined by spectrophotometry. The standard Gibbs energy of transfer of ribidium tetraphenylborate from water to straight-chain n-alkanols and the primary medium effect of rubidium tetraphenylborate from 288.15 to 328.15 K have been calculated. Furthermore, the contribution of microscopic interactions to the standard Gibbs energy of transfer of rubidium tetraphenylborate in calculated and discussed.展开更多
The standard transfer Gibbs energy(Δ trG ) of potassium tetraphenylborate (KBPh4) from water to water and 2-propanol solvent mixtures and from methanol to methanol and 2-propanol solvent mixtures within the whole c...The standard transfer Gibbs energy(Δ trG ) of potassium tetraphenylborate (KBPh4) from water to water and 2-propanol solvent mixtures and from methanol to methanol and 2-propanol solvent mixtures within the whole concentration range of the mixed solvents are studied at 298.15 K.TheΔ trG value of KBPh4 reaches an extreme value from water to water and 2-propanol solvent mixtures,while it increases monotonically with an increasing of 2-propanol content in methanol and 2-propanol solvent mixtures.This indicates the different interaction of KBPh4 with the two kind of solvent mixtures.展开更多
Standard Gibbs energies of transfer,△Gθt,of Tl(Ⅰ)from water to aqueous sucrose and aqueous glucose solutions(mass fractions of sucrose and glucose W=0,010,020,030,040 and 050)were determined by po...Standard Gibbs energies of transfer,△Gθt,of Tl(Ⅰ)from water to aqueous sucrose and aqueous glucose solutions(mass fractions of sucrose and glucose W=0,010,020,030,040 and 050)were determined by polarography at 298±1K.In aqueous sucrose and glucose solutions containing 50×10-2mol·L-1LiClO4,the reversible halfwave potential and the diffusion coefficients for Tl(Ⅰ)were determined,respectively.Values of △Gθt,obtained from the reversible halfwave potentials vs.the ferrocene electrode scale,are negative and these decrease with increasing concentration of sucrose and glucose,indicating increasing stability of Tl(Ⅰ)in sucrosewater and glucosewater solutions.The △Gθt values were split into electrostatic and chemical contributions.The decreased chemical contribution shows that the mixtures are more basic than pure water.The experimental results were discussed in terms of solutesolvent and solutesolute interactions in the ternary systems.展开更多
The electrochemical behavior of Cu(II)Cu(Hg)system in aqueous sucrose solutions was studied by polarography and cyclic squarewave voltammetry.The reversible halfwave potential and the diffusion coefficients for ...The electrochemical behavior of Cu(II)Cu(Hg)system in aqueous sucrose solutions was studied by polarography and cyclic squarewave voltammetry.The reversible halfwave potential and the diffusion coefficients for Cu(II) were polarographically determined.The standard Gibbs energies of transfer of Cu(II) from water to sucrosewater solutions,ΔGt,were obtained from the reversible halfwave potentials.The measured values are negative with increasing concentration of sucrose,indicating increasing stability of Cu(II) in sucrosewater solutions.The ΔGt values were split into electrostatic and chemical contributions.The decreased chemical contribution shows that the mixtures are more basic than pure water.展开更多
The standard transfer Gibbs energies (Δ trG° )of KBPh4 from reference solvent of water to water/ethanol, water/propanol, water/2- propanol,water/ethylene glycol, water/glycerol mixtures in different proportional...The standard transfer Gibbs energies (Δ trG° )of KBPh4 from reference solvent of water to water/ethanol, water/propanol, water/2- propanol,water/ethylene glycol, water/glycerol mixtures in different proportional ratio have been studied. The interactions of KBPh4 with the above mixed solvents were analyzed. The standard transfer Gibbs energy of cavity(Δ trG° cav) and the standard transfer Gibbs energy of interaction(Δ trG° int) from water to water/2- propanol mixtures at 298.15 K were calculated by the Scaled Particle Theory (SPT).展开更多
文摘The standard Gibbs energies of transfer (Δ tr G 0) for potassium tetraphenylborate (KBPh 4) have been studied in the systems of water and water +1 propanol (PrOH) as well as water and water + t butyl alcohol (TBA) at 298.15?K. The results show that -Δ tr G 0 exhibits a complicated changing pattern with the mole fraction of TBA( x (TBA)) or PrOH ( x (PrOH)), and Δ tr G 0 has the a maximum value at x (TBA) = 0.2 or x (PrOH)=0.2. Especially, -Δ tr G 0 of KBPh 4 changes unusually with increasing x (TBA) when x (TBA) < 0.05. The reasons for these changes were analyzed and discussed.
文摘Solubilities of ribidium tetraphenylborate in water, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol and l-octanol at 288.15, 298.15, 308.15, 318.15, 328.15 K have been determined by spectrophotometry. The standard Gibbs energy of transfer of ribidium tetraphenylborate from water to straight-chain n-alkanols and the primary medium effect of rubidium tetraphenylborate from 288.15 to 328.15 K have been calculated. Furthermore, the contribution of microscopic interactions to the standard Gibbs energy of transfer of rubidium tetraphenylborate in calculated and discussed.
文摘The standard transfer Gibbs energy(Δ trG ) of potassium tetraphenylborate (KBPh4) from water to water and 2-propanol solvent mixtures and from methanol to methanol and 2-propanol solvent mixtures within the whole concentration range of the mixed solvents are studied at 298.15 K.TheΔ trG value of KBPh4 reaches an extreme value from water to water and 2-propanol solvent mixtures,while it increases monotonically with an increasing of 2-propanol content in methanol and 2-propanol solvent mixtures.This indicates the different interaction of KBPh4 with the two kind of solvent mixtures.
文摘Standard Gibbs energies of transfer,△Gθt,of Tl(Ⅰ)from water to aqueous sucrose and aqueous glucose solutions(mass fractions of sucrose and glucose W=0,010,020,030,040 and 050)were determined by polarography at 298±1K.In aqueous sucrose and glucose solutions containing 50×10-2mol·L-1LiClO4,the reversible halfwave potential and the diffusion coefficients for Tl(Ⅰ)were determined,respectively.Values of △Gθt,obtained from the reversible halfwave potentials vs.the ferrocene electrode scale,are negative and these decrease with increasing concentration of sucrose and glucose,indicating increasing stability of Tl(Ⅰ)in sucrosewater and glucosewater solutions.The △Gθt values were split into electrostatic and chemical contributions.The decreased chemical contribution shows that the mixtures are more basic than pure water.The experimental results were discussed in terms of solutesolvent and solutesolute interactions in the ternary systems.
文摘The electrochemical behavior of Cu(II)Cu(Hg)system in aqueous sucrose solutions was studied by polarography and cyclic squarewave voltammetry.The reversible halfwave potential and the diffusion coefficients for Cu(II) were polarographically determined.The standard Gibbs energies of transfer of Cu(II) from water to sucrosewater solutions,ΔGt,were obtained from the reversible halfwave potentials.The measured values are negative with increasing concentration of sucrose,indicating increasing stability of Cu(II) in sucrosewater solutions.The ΔGt values were split into electrostatic and chemical contributions.The decreased chemical contribution shows that the mixtures are more basic than pure water.
文摘The standard transfer Gibbs energies (Δ trG° )of KBPh4 from reference solvent of water to water/ethanol, water/propanol, water/2- propanol,water/ethylene glycol, water/glycerol mixtures in different proportional ratio have been studied. The interactions of KBPh4 with the above mixed solvents were analyzed. The standard transfer Gibbs energy of cavity(Δ trG° cav) and the standard transfer Gibbs energy of interaction(Δ trG° int) from water to water/2- propanol mixtures at 298.15 K were calculated by the Scaled Particle Theory (SPT).
