Application Strategy of PLC Technology in Energy-Saving Control of Tunnel Lighting

In this study,we investigated on the application of planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology in energy-saving control of tunnel lighting.The application status of PLC in the field of energy saving followed by the necessity of energy saving in tunnel lighting was analyzed.Finally,the application of PLC in tunnel lighting energy-saving control around the three dimensions of system overall architecture design,control scheme,and program control process was investigated.The results showed that the system meets the requirements of control effect,robustness,and visual effect after trial operation,and is suitable for practical applications.

Parameters Optimization and Energy-Saving of Highway Tunnel Backlighting with LED

In order to acquire the most energy-saving luminairedistribution-parameters(LDPs)of highway tunnel interior zone backlighting,the parameters optimization model(POM)of backlighting for tunnel interior zone was established.Yanlieshan tunnel of Jiujing highway was taken as an example for the optimization.The optimal LDPs of the backlighting system of the tunnel interior zone were obtained by the POM,a comparison between the optimization results and those of Yanlieshan tunnel’s actual lighting system was performed,which showed that the optimized backlighting system with LED lamps installed according to the optimized LDPs could save energy remarkablely even under full capacity lighting condition.Illuminance and illuminance uniformity of the tunnel road surface still met the lighting demands even the LED lamp’s luminance decreased by 30%.A backlighting simulation experiment with the optimized backlighting LDPs for Yanlieshan tunnel was accomplished in the software Dialux.The simulation results basically agreed with the optimization calculated results from the POM which proved the correctness of the backlighting POM.

Standards for Tunnel and Road LED Lighting Application Technologies

The paper summarizes the research on the development of standards for tunnels and roads LED lighiing application in Shanghai. analyzes the existing problems on LED road lamps and lighting design, introduces the experiments and testing results, and summarizes current problems of LED street lighting, proposing that LED lighting energy conservation should he ＂systematic energy saving＂ throughout the full life cycle based on the integration of products and applications.

Energy-Saving and Control of General Indoor Lighting Elements Fed from a Micro-Controlled Hybrid Power Generation System

In this study, an off grid wind-solar hybrid power generation system was established at Afyon Kocatepe University to meet the energy need of lighting system of three different laboratories. It is planned to efficiently use the energy obtained from the designed hybrid power generation system. For this purpose, PIC 16F877 was used in controlling of lighting load of laboratories. The off-grid wind-solar hybrid power generation system consists of 570 W 24 V mono crystal solar panels, 600 W wind power generation system and accumulator groups. The load control circuit made with PIC 16F877 is designed in a manner that will control the lighting armature groups individually activate and deactivate the armature groups according to intensity of illumination in environment. Besides, separately from generation and storing units constituting the hybrid power generation system, data in kWh are recorded by means of software in 10 seconds intervals. With the obtained power generation and storing data, analyzing of power consumption data when the load control system in active or passive position is made. According to analysis results, with controlling of lighting load and using of energy obtained from off grid wind-solar hybrid power generation system, 20.6% energy saving has been ensured.

Obtaining 2D Soil Resistance Profiles from the Integration of Electrical Resistivity Data and Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Light Dynamic Penetrometer (DPL) Resistance Tests—Applications in Mass Movements Studies

In Brazil and various regions globally, the initiation of landslides is frequently associated with rainfall;yet the spatial arrangement of geological structures and stratification considerably influences landslide occurrences. The multifaceted nature of these influences makes the surveillance of mass movements a highly intricate task, requiring an understanding of numerous interdependent variables. Recent years have seen an emergence in scholarly research aimed at integrating geophysical and geotechnical methodologies. The conjoint examination of geophysical and geotechnical data offers an enhanced perspective into subsurface structures. Within this work, a methodology is proposed for the synchronous analysis of electrical resistivity geophysical data and geotechnical data, specifically those extracted from the Light Dynamic Penetrometer (DPL) and Standard Penetration Test (SPT). This study involved a linear fitting process to correlate resistivity with N10/SPT N-values from DPL/SPT soundings, culminating in a 2D profile of N10/SPT N-values predicated on electrical profiles. The findings of this research furnish invaluable insights into slope stability by allowing for a two-dimensional representation of penetration resistance properties. Through the synthesis of geophysical and geotechnical data, this project aims to augment the comprehension of subsurface conditions, with potential implications for refining landslide risk evaluations. This endeavor offers insight into the formulation of more effective and precise slope management protocols and disaster prevention strategies.

Metamerism Appreciation of Jadeite-Jade Green under the Standard Light Sources D_(65),A and CWF

We tested 288 pieces of the polished cabochon jadeite-jade with high quality green and smooth surfaces using the colorimeter Color i5 based on the CIE 1976 L＊a＊b＊ uniform color space. The color changes after alternating three CIE standard light sources D65, A and CWF were compared, and the degree of metamerism was evaluated. The results show that the CIE standard light sources D65, A and CWF increase the chroma of green and turn bluish green into vivid green, which are similar or to nearly colorless and transparent glass-like samples with fine textures. When the three light sources were individually alternated, the lightness of the jadeite-jades showed little change, but the tone changed significantly. Metamerism occurred only in 3 pairs among the 16 samples that were selected by cluster analysis for quality, and the metamerism colors were highly consistent of L＊D65∈（43.47, 46.75）, C＊D65∈（65.20, 68.80） and ho＊D65∈（138.10, 140.23）. We can conclude that the jadeite-jade green gradually turns to blue when the color temperature of the light source increases. But when considering both the light sources and the samples, D65 is more suitable to be the light source of jadeite-jade green when compared with the light sources CWF and A. Compared with the CIE standard green and high chroma green, high-quality jadeite-jade green has a slight yellow tone, low lightness and high chroma. The special metamerism index decreased to 1 when the light source alternated among D65, A and CWF. Therefore, the color of jadeite-jade green might be slightly influenced by alternating of the light sources.

Simplified prediction model for lighting energy consumption in office building scheme design

At the scheme design stage,the potential of daylighting is significant due to the saving for electric lighting use. There are few simple tools for architects to optimize the daylighting design. Therefore,it is useful to develop a design guideline related to the evaluation of lighting energy saving potential and sunlight design strategies. This paper analyzes the impacts of different artificial lighting control methods and design parameters on daylighting. A direct correlation between lighting energy consumption and parameters such as orientations,window to wall ratio (WWR) and perimeter depth is established. A simplified prediction model is proposed to estimate lighting energy consumption with the given perimeter depth,WWR,and window transparency. Validation of the model is carried out compared with detailed lighting simulation software for an office building. After the variation analysis for these parameters,design advises for the daylighting design at scheme design phase are summarized.

Research of Quality Standards for Stachydrine Hydrochloride in Chinese Medicine TJF Granule

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was applied to the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride concentration in TJF granule (Chinese name: Tiao-Jing-Fang), using a mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile (50:50, v/v) by the Agilent Kromasi NH2 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, S/N: 22N25110). Detection wavelength was 201 nm. The result revealed good linearity of stachydrine hydrochloride and was obtained within the range of 0.20 - 1.98 μg/mL (R = 0.9995). The average recovery was 97.01%;the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.19%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report dedicated to the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride by the evaporative light scattering detector-high-performance liquid chromatographic (ELSD-HPLC) method.

Operation strategy and energy-saving of the solar lighting/heating system through spectral splitting

The performance of a solar lighting and heating system(SLHS)based on the spectral splitting effect of nanofluids is presented in this paper.SLHS through nanofluids would split the sunlight spectrum into different wavelength,and then introduce the visible light into the offices for lighting and absorb infrared energy to generate hot water.The Energy Plus software was used to analyze the energy consumption of typical office building located in the city of Harbin in China coupled with SLHS.Based on the simulation results two lighting zones were identified in the offices and the optimal lighting control strategy was developed for a full year.The performance models of SLHS with different light-receiving areas of 10 m^(2)and 40 m^(2)were simulated and validated using the existing experimental data.The overall energy-saving of the offices over a full year were analyzed using the validated model.Results demonstrated that for SLHS with the area of 40 m^(2),the rate of the energy saving in the offices due to lighting and hot water systems were 58.9%,and 19.3%,respectively.The system also had the additional benefit of reducing the cooling load of the air conditioning system during summer period together with improving the quality of the indoor environment resulting in better health and productivity of the occupants.

模拟与临床相结合的光棒诱导气管插管教学效果的探讨

目的探讨模拟与临床相结合的光棒诱导气管插管教学在麻醉学住院医师规范化培训(以下简称“住培”)中的教学效果。方法随机选取2021年9月—2023年1月南京医科大学附属肿瘤医院麻醉学专业住培基地住培生20名,采用随机数字表法将住培生分为模拟组和非模拟组,每组10名。比较2组住培生气管插管的时间和成功率。结果非模拟组气管插管时间为(37.6±8.3)s,模拟组气管插管时间为(27.4±4.9)s,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);模拟组气管插管成功率高于非模拟组(90%vs.60%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在住培生临床技能培训中,采取模拟与临床相结合的光棒诱导气管插管教学可有效减少插管时间,提高插管成功率,教学效果良好。

动态光散射测量仪粒度标准物质的研制

【目的】解决国内尚缺动态光散射测量法专用粒度标准物质的问题。【方法】采用微乳液聚合法合成标称粒径为40、80 nm的态光散射粒度标准物质,标准物质编号分别是QBW12001和GBW12011b;采用动态光散射多家定值法测定2种粒度标准物质的散射光强调和平均粒径,定值结果溯源至动态光散射法(ISO 22412:2017)。【结果】合成的2种粒度标准物质均匀且稳定,散射光强调和平均粒径分别为(40.0±0.5)、(80±2)nm。【结论】不同厂家生产的激光粒度仪测的散射光强度调和平均粒径一致性最好;散射光强度平均粒径一致性较好;体积平均粒径一致性较差;颗粒数目平均粒径一致性最差。

芪归养血颗粒质控标准研究

目的研究建立芪归养血颗粒质控的标准。方法采用薄层色谱法(TLC)对黄芪、淫羊藿、菟丝子进行定性鉴别,通过超高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器(UPLC-ELSD)测定制剂中黄芪甲苷含量:色谱柱:Acclaim RSLC 120 C_(18)(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.2µm),ELSD,流动相为乙腈-水(32∶68),流速为0.4 ml/min;柱温30℃;进样体积为1μl。结果TLC能特异性鉴别黄芪、淫羊藿、菟丝子。黄芪甲苷的注射量与峰面积具有良好的线性关系,线性范围为0.0826~0.8260µg,r=0.9996;平均回收率为99.19%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.74%。结论采用TLC法和UPLC-ELSD检测对芪归养血颗粒分别进行了定性鉴别和定量分析,所建立的方法专属性强,结果准确,可作为芪归养血颗粒的质控方法进行应用。

高水头可逆式水轮机空载工况流动稳定性分析

当水泵水轮机处于空载工况下转动时,其运行状态直接关乎机组的并网性能及安全稳定性。为探究抽水蓄能机组在特殊工况下运行稳定性问题,以国内某高水头可逆式水轮发电机组为研究对象,对三种不同开度下的水泵水轮机空载工况进行数值模拟计算,结合机组内部流场状态和压力脉动传播规律,研究分析影响机组稳定性的特殊流动现象。在与特性曲线对照验证的基础上,计算结果表明:空载工况下导叶开度从小至大变化过程中,转轮内部涡旋分布由叶片吸力面向压力面逐渐发展;由于流动对称性条件被破坏,大开度条件下的旋转失速现象更为明显,并与动静干涉共同作用后导致转轮内部压力脉动振幅在接近进口的下游流道处达到最大。因此,需避免机组长期在较大开度的空载工况下运行,并在维护检修过程中注意靠近转轮叶片进口下游侧的结构应力分布。

抽水蓄能电站现场标准化作业移动应用矩阵技术研究

随着数字化电站建设的稳步推进及抽水蓄能电站现场作业标准化要求的提高,现有的生产管理系统已不能完全满足功能多样化、管控精益化的现代生产管理模式的应用需求。使用移动互联网、云平台、图像边缘采集等技术,搭建一个界面友好、操作方便、功能强大的平台,实现移动终端功能自演化,终端应用数据融通,将实现电站现场作业程序和作业人员行为的实时可视和有效管控,保障现场工作全过程管理规范化、标准化和精细化,使现场管理由“事后分析”的被动管理模式向“事前管理”和“过程控制”为中心的主动管理模式的转变。

公共空间照明需求和产品性能标准结合研究

公共空间作为城市中的重要区域,是人们交往的重要场所。在夜间更是构成了人们休闲活动的重要组成部分。公共空间照明多为近人尺度的照明,与人距离较近,因此灯具产品的安全标准成为需要重点关注的问题。本文从临水空间、绿植空间、公园广场这三类覆盖面最广的公共空间照明出发,分析了各自空间需求和对产品标准的需求。并同时从人对产品的需求,以及可能对产品造成的损害等两个方向阐述产品性能标准需关注和解决的问题,包含防水防潮、防脱落、防触电、防烫伤等,也包含人员对灯具可能造成影响的防护,如防撞击等性能要求。空间需求和产品性能标准相结合,是做好公共空间照明的关键点。

面向健康照明的光品质标准进展评述——非光学篇

声、光、机、电、热是评价照明相关产品或系统的五个维度。除了光学性能(包括视觉和非视觉),健康照明的光品质还需考虑噪声、机械性能、电学性能、热学性能等非光学指标。本文梳理了与照明相关产品或系统的噪声、机械性能、电学性能、热学性能的标准最新进展,并对相应指标进行了解析和探讨。

世园会植物馆照明设计简析

根据园艺博览工程照明需求分析,结合照明设计原则,对成都世园会植物馆照明设计进行研究,借助DIALux软件进行节能策略仿真分析,总结园艺博览工程照明心得,并对建筑照明一体化方法进行概述与展望。

轻工业家具标准化设计与传统手工艺的融合创新分析

本文为探讨轻工业家具标准化设计与传统手工艺融合的创新策略,首先分析了融合的必要性,包括文化传承与创新、人文关怀与可持续发展以及艺术与工艺的结合,接着提出了技术与工艺结合、设计创新与文化融合以及文化故事与品牌塑造三个方面的创新策略,通过技术与工艺的结合,可以提高生产效率和产品的标准质量;标准化设计与文化融合则赋予产品更深层的内涵和市场竞争力;可持续发展与社会责任考虑则关乎产业的可持续发展和社会的共赢。

汽车照明和光信号系列强制性法规修订动向及与UN法规的差异性分析

本文对我国汽车照明和光信号装置系列强制性国家标准及其修订动向进行了分析,并结合UN系列法规进行了比较。分别对光信号投射功能、可变光强的前位灯、倒车灯路面照明、驾驶员辅助投射功能、发光车标、紧急制动信号、电力再生制动模式的制动灯、日间行车灯、顺序开启的转向灯、追尾警告信号等灯具的国标修订情况及其与UN法规的差异进行了详细的比较,对主机厂、零部件厂的灯具研发设计相关从业者及国内企业出口欧盟产品的研发认证人员具有一定的参考意义。