Adhesive capacity of quaternary ammonium starch and starch phosphate to the polyester / cotton fibers was studied by means roving method for the purpose of improving the sizing performance and decreasing the cost. By ...Adhesive capacity of quaternary ammonium starch and starch phosphate to the polyester / cotton fibers was studied by means roving method for the purpose of improving the sizing performance and decreasing the cost. By introducing different amount of quaternary ammonium or phosphate groups onto starch molecules, the modified starch with a series of defferent degree of substitution was prepared. Therefore the regularity of adhesive capacity, extended property and size-absorbing ability with the change in degree of substitution (DS) was obtained through the researches. The experiments demonstrate that the DS of the two modified starches show a marked influence upon the properties mentioned above. The starch phosphate is superior to quaternary ammonium starch as warp size for polyester / cotton yarns from the viewpoint of adhesive capacity and cost, although both of them are better than natural one. To improve the adhesive capacity to polyester / cotton fibers, DS≥0.027 is necessary for quaternary ammonium展开更多
Paddy rice samples were parboiled by soaking at 65℃ for 180 min and steaming at 96℃ for 2–10 min,and then dried to achieve the final moisture content of 11% ± 1%. The degree of starch gelatinization （DSG） an...Paddy rice samples were parboiled by soaking at 65℃ for 180 min and steaming at 96℃ for 2–10 min,and then dried to achieve the final moisture content of 11% ± 1%. The degree of starch gelatinization （DSG） andseveral quality attributes （head rice yield （HRY）, color value and hardness） of parboiled rice were measured.Results showed that DSG （46.8%–77.9%）, color value （18.08–19.04） and hardness （118.6–219.2 N） allincreased following steaming. In contrast, the HRY increased （64.8%–67.1%） for steaming times between 2–4min but decreased （67.1%–65.0%） for steaming times between 4–10 min. Linear relations between DSG andcolor value （R2 = 0.87）, and DSG and hardness （R2 = 0.88） were observed. The suitable DSG of parboiled riceleading to the highest HRY was found to be 62.5%, obtained following 4 min of steaming.展开更多
Ethylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, formamide, and urea were used as plasticizers for the preparation of thermoplastic starch（TPS） from corn starch. The properties of TPS were tested by analysis method. The results...Ethylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, formamide, and urea were used as plasticizers for the preparation of thermoplastic starch（TPS） from corn starch. The properties of TPS were tested by analysis method. The results showed that TPSs were more highly plasticized with amines than alcohols. For the same type of plasticizer, the degree of plasticization decreased as the molecular weight of plasticizer increased. The relationship between plasticization degree and TPS properties was characterized and described by mechanical properties and water absorption. The experimental results showed that when the degree of plasticization increased, the tensile strength decreased and the elongation at breakage and water absorption increased.展开更多
This paper deals with the retention and drainage properties of the high substituted degree cationic starch (HCS) prepared by half-dry process. The experiments show that HCS has remarkable effects on filler retention a...This paper deals with the retention and drainage properties of the high substituted degree cationic starch (HCS) prepared by half-dry process. The experiments show that HCS has remarkable effects on filler retention and drainage in papermaking industry. With the degree of substitution (DS) of HCS increasing, the effects on filler retention and drainage increase. When the DS of HCS is 0.509 and the dosage is 0.08%, the freeness decreases about 12oSR and the filler retention is 79.82%.展开更多
Amphiphilic starch derivatives with high content of functional groups were prepared from potato starch using a one-pot synthesis method with a single reaction medium for the entire procedure. Potato starch was benzyla...Amphiphilic starch derivatives with high content of functional groups were prepared from potato starch using a one-pot synthesis method with a single reaction medium for the entire procedure. Potato starch was benzylated, followed by the introduction of hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium(HPMA) moieties without the purification of intermediates. The synthesis was performed under heterogeneous conditions, leading to the formation of benzyl 2-hydroxypropyltri methylammonium starch chloride(BnHPMAS) with a total degree of substitution(DS) of up to 1.4. This process improved the efficiency of the preparation of amphiphilic starch derivatives and reduced the time and resources consumed by avoiding a separation process and purification of the intermediate compounds.The DS of BnHPMAS was in the range of 0.36 to 1.4, which could be tuned by varying the molar ratio of the reagents to repeating unit or by changing the reaction temperature, time, and medium. The structure of the amphiphilic starches was characterized using elemental analysis, size exclusion chromatography,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy. Moreover, the surface tension and turbidity of the solutions of the products were measured for their potential application in the removal of dissolved and colloidal substances in paper cycling water.展开更多
This paper deals with the preparation of cationic starch with high degree of substitute by dry-process. The corn starch and the alkali catalyst are mixed in the mixer, then added the cationic etherifying agent (3-chlo...This paper deals with the preparation of cationic starch with high degree of substitute by dry-process. The corn starch and the alkali catalyst are mixed in the mixer, then added the cationic etherifying agent (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride). The reacting time is for 5 hours at the temperature of 70℃. The cationic starch with high degree of substitution is used as anionic charge neutralizing agents to improve filler retention in wet-end section of papermaking machine.展开更多
为获得一种绿色高效的羧甲基多孔淀粉制备工艺,本研究以酶解制得的多孔木薯淀粉为原料,氯乙酸钠为醚化剂,氢氧化钠为催化剂,采用机械活化协同固相醚化法制备羧甲基多孔淀粉,通过单因素实验探究各因素对羧甲基多孔淀粉取代度(Degree of s...为获得一种绿色高效的羧甲基多孔淀粉制备工艺,本研究以酶解制得的多孔木薯淀粉为原料,氯乙酸钠为醚化剂,氢氧化钠为催化剂,采用机械活化协同固相醚化法制备羧甲基多孔淀粉,通过单因素实验探究各因素对羧甲基多孔淀粉取代度(Degree of substitution,DS)的影响,并探讨羧甲基多孔淀粉在酱油中的应用。结果表明,机械活化协同固相法制备羧甲基多孔淀粉的最佳工艺条件为:多孔淀粉与氯乙酸钠的物质的量之比为1:1,氢氧化钠质量分数为18.8%,球磨时间1.5 h,反应温度50℃,此条件下制备得到的羧甲基多孔淀粉取代度最高为0.2532。通过红外光谱仪(Infrared spectrometer,FTIR)、X-射线粉末衍射仪(X-ray powder diffractometer,XRD)和扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope,SEM)等表征,进一步证实多孔淀粉发生了羧甲基化反应。随着羧甲基多孔淀粉DS的增大其冷水溶解度、吸水率和柠檬黄吸附量增大;当DS为0.2532时,羧甲基多孔淀粉的冷水溶解度达到64.94%,吸水率达到180.73%,柠檬黄吸附量达到2.5086 mg·g^(-1)。羧甲基多孔淀粉所制备的粉末酱油相比于木薯淀粉和多孔淀粉所制备的粉末酱油溶解性更好,吸潮性更低,氨基酸态氮含量更高,与原酱油最接近。因此,机械活化协同固相醚化法可有效制备羧甲基多孔淀粉,该法操作简单,绿色环保,取代高,为多孔淀粉的开发利用提供了科学依据。展开更多
文摘Adhesive capacity of quaternary ammonium starch and starch phosphate to the polyester / cotton fibers was studied by means roving method for the purpose of improving the sizing performance and decreasing the cost. By introducing different amount of quaternary ammonium or phosphate groups onto starch molecules, the modified starch with a series of defferent degree of substitution was prepared. Therefore the regularity of adhesive capacity, extended property and size-absorbing ability with the change in degree of substitution (DS) was obtained through the researches. The experiments demonstrate that the DS of the two modified starches show a marked influence upon the properties mentioned above. The starch phosphate is superior to quaternary ammonium starch as warp size for polyester / cotton yarns from the viewpoint of adhesive capacity and cost, although both of them are better than natural one. To improve the adhesive capacity to polyester / cotton fibers, DS≥0.027 is necessary for quaternary ammonium
文摘Paddy rice samples were parboiled by soaking at 65℃ for 180 min and steaming at 96℃ for 2–10 min,and then dried to achieve the final moisture content of 11% ± 1%. The degree of starch gelatinization （DSG） andseveral quality attributes （head rice yield （HRY）, color value and hardness） of parboiled rice were measured.Results showed that DSG （46.8%–77.9%）, color value （18.08–19.04） and hardness （118.6–219.2 N） allincreased following steaming. In contrast, the HRY increased （64.8%–67.1%） for steaming times between 2–4min but decreased （67.1%–65.0%） for steaming times between 4–10 min. Linear relations between DSG andcolor value （R2 = 0.87）, and DSG and hardness （R2 = 0.88） were observed. The suitable DSG of parboiled riceleading to the highest HRY was found to be 62.5%, obtained following 4 min of steaming.
基金Funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DL13CB13)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(No.2014M550178)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31200442)
文摘Ethylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, formamide, and urea were used as plasticizers for the preparation of thermoplastic starch（TPS） from corn starch. The properties of TPS were tested by analysis method. The results showed that TPSs were more highly plasticized with amines than alcohols. For the same type of plasticizer, the degree of plasticization decreased as the molecular weight of plasticizer increased. The relationship between plasticization degree and TPS properties was characterized and described by mechanical properties and water absorption. The experimental results showed that when the degree of plasticization increased, the tensile strength decreased and the elongation at breakage and water absorption increased.
文摘This paper deals with the retention and drainage properties of the high substituted degree cationic starch (HCS) prepared by half-dry process. The experiments show that HCS has remarkable effects on filler retention and drainage in papermaking industry. With the degree of substitution (DS) of HCS increasing, the effects on filler retention and drainage increase. When the DS of HCS is 0.509 and the dosage is 0.08%, the freeness decreases about 12oSR and the filler retention is 79.82%.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21774036)State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering (No. 2017TS01)
文摘Amphiphilic starch derivatives with high content of functional groups were prepared from potato starch using a one-pot synthesis method with a single reaction medium for the entire procedure. Potato starch was benzylated, followed by the introduction of hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium(HPMA) moieties without the purification of intermediates. The synthesis was performed under heterogeneous conditions, leading to the formation of benzyl 2-hydroxypropyltri methylammonium starch chloride(BnHPMAS) with a total degree of substitution(DS) of up to 1.4. This process improved the efficiency of the preparation of amphiphilic starch derivatives and reduced the time and resources consumed by avoiding a separation process and purification of the intermediate compounds.The DS of BnHPMAS was in the range of 0.36 to 1.4, which could be tuned by varying the molar ratio of the reagents to repeating unit or by changing the reaction temperature, time, and medium. The structure of the amphiphilic starches was characterized using elemental analysis, size exclusion chromatography,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy. Moreover, the surface tension and turbidity of the solutions of the products were measured for their potential application in the removal of dissolved and colloidal substances in paper cycling water.
文摘This paper deals with the preparation of cationic starch with high degree of substitute by dry-process. The corn starch and the alkali catalyst are mixed in the mixer, then added the cationic etherifying agent (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride). The reacting time is for 5 hours at the temperature of 70℃. The cationic starch with high degree of substitution is used as anionic charge neutralizing agents to improve filler retention in wet-end section of papermaking machine.
文摘为获得一种绿色高效的羧甲基多孔淀粉制备工艺,本研究以酶解制得的多孔木薯淀粉为原料,氯乙酸钠为醚化剂,氢氧化钠为催化剂,采用机械活化协同固相醚化法制备羧甲基多孔淀粉,通过单因素实验探究各因素对羧甲基多孔淀粉取代度(Degree of substitution,DS)的影响,并探讨羧甲基多孔淀粉在酱油中的应用。结果表明,机械活化协同固相法制备羧甲基多孔淀粉的最佳工艺条件为:多孔淀粉与氯乙酸钠的物质的量之比为1:1,氢氧化钠质量分数为18.8%,球磨时间1.5 h,反应温度50℃,此条件下制备得到的羧甲基多孔淀粉取代度最高为0.2532。通过红外光谱仪(Infrared spectrometer,FTIR)、X-射线粉末衍射仪(X-ray powder diffractometer,XRD)和扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope,SEM)等表征,进一步证实多孔淀粉发生了羧甲基化反应。随着羧甲基多孔淀粉DS的增大其冷水溶解度、吸水率和柠檬黄吸附量增大;当DS为0.2532时,羧甲基多孔淀粉的冷水溶解度达到64.94%,吸水率达到180.73%,柠檬黄吸附量达到2.5086 mg·g^(-1)。羧甲基多孔淀粉所制备的粉末酱油相比于木薯淀粉和多孔淀粉所制备的粉末酱油溶解性更好,吸潮性更低,氨基酸态氮含量更高,与原酱油最接近。因此,机械活化协同固相醚化法可有效制备羧甲基多孔淀粉,该法操作简单,绿色环保,取代高,为多孔淀粉的开发利用提供了科学依据。
